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L O González

Publications and source records attributed to L O González.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Expression and clinical signification of cytosolic hyaluronan levels in invasive breast cancer.

BACKGROUND: Hyaluronic acid (HA), a high-molecular weight glycosaminoglycan, has been considered to be involved in the growth and progression of malignant tumors in several experimental studies. The objective of this work was to evaluate the cytosolic HA content in breast cancer, its possible relationship with clinicopathological tumor parameters and steroid receptor status, as well as its potential prognostic significance. METHODS: Cytosolic HA levels were examined by means of immunoradiometric techniques in 850 patients with invasive breast cancer. The mean follow-up period for these patients was 55.1 months. RESULTS: Cytosolic HA levels ranged widely in tumors (4-59767 ng/mg protein; median: 4960). Statistical analysis showed that HA levels were significantly higher in younger patients (p=0.0001), as well as in premenopausal than in postmenopausal patients (p=0.001). HA levels were also significantly higher in ductal or lobular histological type than in other histological types (coloid, medullar or papillar types) (p=0.0001). Likewise, HA correlated significantly and positively with tumoral levels of PgR (r sub S: 0.11; p=0.001) in the all group of patients. In the subgroup of patients with ductal invasive type, HA levels were also significantly higher in well differentiated tumors and in diploid tumors. In addition, in this latter group of patients, HA levels in tumors correlated also positively and significantly with the either estrogen-inducible proteins: PgR (r sub S: 0.11; p=0.001), pS2 (r sub S: 0.117; p=0.008) and tPA (r sub S: 0.314; p=0.0001). On the other hand, significant association between HA intratumoral levels and relapse-free survival and overall survival in the overall group of patients was not found. However, high HA intratumoral levels were significantly associated with longer relapse-free survival in the subgroup of patients with ductal histological type tumors (p=0.01), as well as in those patients without any type of systemic adjuvant treatment (p=0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that high intratumoral levels of HA may be associated with tumors of favorable evolution in certain subgroups of patients with breast cancer. Thus, HA may provide additional prognostic information to that given by other biochemical markers currently used in breast cancer.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed2005

Cytosolic levels of TFF1/pS2 in breast cancer: Their relationship with clinical-pathological parameters and their prognostic significance.

BACKGROUND: The Trefoil Factor 1 (TFF1/pS2), a peptide consisting of 60 amino acids, is the most abundant estrogen-induced messenger RNA present in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. The objective of this work was to evaluate the cytosolic TFF1 content in breast carcinomas, its possible relationship with different clinical-pathological parameters, and its potential prognostic significance and predictive value. METHODS: Cytosolic TFF1 levels were examined by immunoradiometric assay in 1031 patients with invasive breast cancer. The median follow-up period was of 50 months. RESULTS: There was a wide variability of cytosolic TFF1 levels in tumors (0.9-743.2 ng/mg protein). Statistical analysis showed that TFF1 levels were significantly higher in premenopausal patients (p = 0.001), as well as in tumors showing any of the following characteristics: good differentiation (p = 0.0001), ER and PgR positivity (p = 0.0001 and p = 0.001, respectively), diploidy (p = 0.045) and a high S-phase fraction (p = 0.001). In addition, the presence of high intratumoral TFF1 levels (cut-off: 2 ng/mg protein) was independently associated with a shorter overall survival in the group of patients as a whole (p = 0.001) as well as in the subgroup with node-negative breast cancer (p = 0.0004). Likewise, high intratumoral TFF1 levels were associated with a more prolonged overall survival in patients who received adjuvant tamoxifen (p = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS: In breast cancer patients, intratumoral TFF1 levels are associated with a better clinical outcome, especially in those with node-negative tumors. In addition, TFF1 levels have a low but significant predictive value in regards to response to adjuvant therapy with tamoxifen.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Lysozyme expression by breast carcinomas, correlation with clinicopathologic parameters, and prognostic significance.

BACKGROUND: Here we evaluate the expression and prognostic value of lysozyme, a milk protein that is also synthesized by a significant percentage of breast carcinomas, in women with breast cancer. METHODS: Lysozyme expression was examined by immunohistochemical methods in a series of 177 breast cancer tissue sections. Staining was quantified by using the HSCORE system, which considers both the intensity and the percentage of cells staining at each intensity. The prognostic value of lysozyme was retrospectively evaluated by multivariate analysis that took into account conventional prognostic factors. RESULTS: A total of 126 of 177 carcinomas (69.4%) stained positive for this protein, but there were clear differences among them with regard to the intensity and percentage of stained cells. Lysozyme values were higher in well-differentiated and moderately differentiated tumors than in poorly differentiated tumors (P < .05). Similarly, lysozyme levels were higher in small and node-negative tumors than in large and node-positive tumors (P < .05). Moreover, results indicated that low lysozyme content predicted shorter relapse-free survival and overall survival (P < .005). Separate Cox multivariate analysis in subgroups of patients as defined by node status showed that lysozyme expression was an independent prognostic factor able to predict both relapse-free survival and overall survival in node-negative patients (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS: Tumoral expression of lysozyme is associated with lesions of favorable evolution in breast cancer. This milk protein may be a new prognostic factor in patients with breast cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Apolipoprotein D expression in endometrial carcinomas.

BACKGROUND: Apolipoprotein D is a protein component of the human plasma lipid transport system but is also associated with a more favorable prognosis in breast cancer and ovarian cancer women. This study was undertaken to examine the tumoral expression of apolipoprotein D in endometrial cancer and to analyze the possible correlation with tumor and patients characteristics as well as androgen receptors and its prognostic significance. METHODS: Immunohistochemical evaluation was used to examine apolipoprotein D expression in paraffin blocks from 58 endometrial carcinomas. RESULTS: A total of twenty (34%) tumors stained positively. Staining was localized in tumor cells. No significant correlation was found between apo D expression and patients or tumor characteristics and androgen receptor status. In addition, apolipoprotein D expression was not associated with patient prognosis. CONCLUSIONS: Apolipoprotein D is expressed by a significant percentage of endometrial carcinomas without apparent association with other clinicopathologic parameters or with outcome of patients.

Apolipoproteins↗
PubMed2000

Expression and prognostic significance of pepsinogen C in gastric carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: In this study we evaluated the expression and clinical significance of pepsinogen C, an aspartic proteinase involved in the digestion of proteins in the stomach, in patients with gastric cancer. METHODS: Pepsinogen C expression was examined by immunohistochemical methods in a series of 95 gastric carcinomas. The prognostic value of pepsinogen C was retrospectively evaluated by multivariate analysis taking into account conventional prognostic parameters. Follow-up period of patients was 21.4 months. RESULTS: A total of 25 (26.3%) gastric carcinomas stained positively for pepsinogen C. The percentage of pepsinogen C-positive tumors was higher in well-differentiated (50%) than in moderately differentiated (19.5%) and poorly differentiated (21.9%) tumors (P < .05). Similarly, significant differences in pepsinogen C immunostaining were found between node-negative and node-positive tumors (47.1% vs. 14.7%; P < .001). In addition, statistical analysis revealed that pepsinogen C expression was associated with clinical outcome in gastric cancer patients. Low pepsinogen C levels predicted short overall survival periods in the overall group of patients with gastric cancer (P < .001), and in 71 patients with resectable carcinomas (P < .005). Multivariate analysis according to Cox's model indicated that pepsinogen C immunostaining was an independent predictor of outcome for both overall and resectable gastric cancer patients (P < .05, for both). CONCLUSIONS: The expression of pepsinogen C in gastric cancer may represent a useful biological marker able to identify subgroups of patients with different clinical outcomes.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Comparative study of two androgen-induced markers (apolipoprotein D and pepsinogen C) in female and male breast carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Male breast cancer (MBC) is a rare tumor in comparison to the same disease in the female population (FBC). Classical prognostic factors (tumor size, node status, estrogen receptor positivity, histological grade) have a similar prognostic value in both tumors, but MBC seems to have a worse outcome. Several markers under estrogen control have been shown with a similar incidence in breast tumors of both sexes, while androgen-induced markers have been detected in a higher percentage of breast tumors in males. AIMS AND METHODS: Our purpose was to compare in 68 MBC and in 68 FBC the expression of Pepsinogen C (Pep C) and Apolipoprotein D (Apo D), two proteins under androgen control, by immunohistochemical methods. RESULTS: Pep C was expressed by 52 of 68 (76.4%) MBC patients, whereas 34 of 68 (50%) FBC showed positive staining. Apo D was expressed by 57 of 68 (83.8%) MBC patients, while 40 of 68 (41.2%) FBC stained positively. Differences between percentages of positive expression were significant (p<0.005 for Pep C; p<0.0001 for Apo D). Moreover, differences between expression levels of Pep C and Apo D in both populations of patients were significant. The mean value of Pep C was significantly higher in male breast tumors (HSCORE = 141.3) than in the females (HSCORE = 80.3) (p<0.0001). Similarly, Apo D mean value was significantly higher in MBC (HSCORE = 161.5) than in FBC (HSCORE = 102.3) (p=0.006). CONCLUSION: These differences can open the field of a more selective hormonal therapy that should not be based on estrogen receptor status only, but also on androgen receptor status.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Apolipoprotein D expression in metastasic lymph nodes of breast cancer.

BACKGROUND: Apolipoprotein D is a glycoprotein of the human plasma whose functional role remains unclear. On the other hand, this protein is also produced by breast carcinomas and is positively associated with a favorable outcome of patients. However, none study has focused on metastasic lesions. AIM: To analyze apolipoprotein D expression in breast cancer patients and their synchronous metastasic axillary lymph nodes. METHODS: We analyzed by immunohistochemical assay both, the tumoral expression of apolipoprotein D in primary tumors and in their synchronous metastasic axillary lymph nodes of 30 node-positive breast cancer patients. RESULTS: Of the primary tumors, 28 (93.3%) showed a positive immunostaining for apolipoprotein D, although there was wide variability immunostaining values. On the other hand, 16 (53.3%) patients showed a positive immunostaining for the protein in their tumoral lymph nodes. In addition, there was a significant positive relationship between the tumoral expression of apolipoprotein D in primary tumors and metastasic lymph nodes (P < 0.05). However, only immunostaining values of the protein in primary tumors achieve statistical signification (P < 0.05) as prognostic factor of favorable evolution to predict overall survival from patients. CONCLUSIONS: Apolipoprotein D is also expressed in metastasic lymph nodes of breast carcinomas, but with a different pattern of immunostaining and less clinical significance than in primary tumors.

Apolipoproteins↗
PubMed2000

Apolipoprotein D expression in benign and malignant prostate tissues.

BACKGROUND: Apolipoprotein D (ApoD), a protein component of the human plasma lipid transport system, is an androgen regulated protein in both breast and prostate cancer cell lines. METHODS: Here we examined, by immunohistochemical assay, the ApoD expression in normal, benign and malignant prostate tissues. RESULTS: ApoD was detected in the two analyzed normal prostate tissues, in 16 (94.1%) of 17 benign prostatic hyperplasias, and in 36 (63.1%) of 57 prostate carcinomas. In prostate carcinomas, ApoD immunostaining values did not show significant relationship neither with age of the patients, stage and histologic grade of the tumors, nor with preoperative serum levels of prostatic specific antigen (PSA). However, ApoD-negative immunostaining predicted shorter survival duration in the subgroup of 46 patients with nonresectable prostate cancer (p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Our results led us to consider that Apo D expression by prostate carcinomas migth be of clinical usefulness for identificating lesions with different evolution.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Expression of pepsinogen C in gynecomastias and male breast carcinomas.

Pepsinogen C is a proteolytic enzyme involved in the digestion of proteins in the stomach; it is also synthesized by a significant percentage of female breast carcinomas. In addition, it has been demonstrated that pepsinogen C is one of the few proteins induced by androgens in breast carcinoma cells. Here we evaluate the expression of pepsinogen C by immunoperoxidase staining in normal breast tissue from 3 male patients, 15 gynecomastia tissues, 2 male in situ breast carcinomas, and 68 male invasive breast carcinomas. Pepsinogen C immunostaining values were quantified in male breast tumors using the HSCORE system, which considers both the intensity and the percentage of cells staining at each intensity. The results indicated positive immunohistochemical staining for pepsinogen C in all gynecomastia tissues, the two in situ ductal carcinomas, and 52 of 68 invasive breast carcinomas (76.4%). The three normal breast tissues analyzed showed negative staining for pepsinogen C, whereas invasive tumors showed clear differences among them with regard to the intensity and percentage of staining cells. In addition, pepsinogen C scores were significantly higher in well-differentiated (grade I, 188.7) and moderately differentiated (grade II, 145.8) tumors than in poorly differentiated (grade III, 98.5) tumors (p = 0. 032). Similarly, significant differences in pepsinogen C content were found between estrogen receptor (ER)-positive tumors and ER-negative tumors (158.5 vs. 44.3, respectively; p = 0.009). Patients with pepsinogen C-positive tumors reached longer relapse-free and overall survival periods than did those with tumors with negative staining, but no statistical differences were observed between survival curves calculated for these two groups of patients. This results demonstrate expression of pepsinogen C by gynecomastias and by a high percentage of male breast carcinomas and may indicate an important role of pepsinogen C in the pathophysiology of male breast diseases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Expression and clinical significance of apolipoprotein D in male breast cancer and gynaecomastia.

BACKGROUND: Apolipoprotein D (Apo D) is a protein component of the human plasma lipid transport system which is present in benign and malignant human breast tissues. This study analysed the expression of Apo D in men with gynaecomastia or breast cancer, and evaluated its use as a prognostic marker in breast cancer. METHODS: Immunohistochemical expression of Apo D was examined in specimens from 15 men with gynaecomastia, two with in situ breast carcinoma and 68 with invasive male breast cancer. Median follow-up in patients with breast cancer was 44 months. RESULTS: All gynaecomastia specimens, both in situ carcinomas and 57 invasive carcinomas (84 per cent) stained positively for Apo D. Apo D values were significantly correlated with axillary node involvement and histological grade of the tumours. In men with breast cancer univariate analysis showed a statistical association between node status and Apo D content with relapse-free survival (P < 0.001) and overall survival (P < 0.05). Cox multivariate analysis showed that Apo D was a significant indicator of relapse-free survival (P = 0. 0089), but node status was the strongest factor able to predict both relapse-free (P = 0.0336) and overall (P = 0.0346) survival. CONCLUSION: Apo D was expressed in gynaecomastia and a high percentage of male breast carcinomas. There was a positive association of Apo D content in male breast tumours with favourable outcome. Apo D expression was a significant independent indicator of relapse-free survival in male breast cancer.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pepsinogen C expression in tumors of extragastric origin.

We have examined by immunohistochemistry the ability of human carcinomas of various origin to produce pepsinogen C, an aspartyl proteinase mainly involved in the digestion of proteins in the stomach and recently found to be associated with breast carcinomas. Of the 268 tumors analyzed 80 (29.8%) showed positive staining for pepsinogen C. These positive tumors included 12 gastric (38.7% of the 31 examined cases), nine pancreatic (42.8%), two renal (20%), 12 prostatic (40%), three bladder (27.3%), 14 endometrial (29.7%) and 18 ovarian (40%) carcinomas. We also detected 10 melanomas (50%) that were positive for pepsinogen C. By contrast, immunohistochemical staining for the proteinase was not detected in colorectal, cervical, lung and basal cell skin carcinomas. These results demonstrate that pepsinogen C, a proteolytic enzyme of highly restricted expression in human tissues, can also be expressed by a wide variety of human carcinomas. In addition, and similar to pepsinogen C expression in breast carcinomas, the production of this enzyme by different human tumors might be related to putative hormonal alterations associated with the development and progression of these tumors.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Immunohistochemical study of pepsinogen C expression in cutaneous malignant melanoma: association with clinicopathological parameters.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the pepsinogen C expression in malignant cutaneous melanomas and analyze its possible relationship to clinical and pathological parameters. Pepsinogen C is an aspartyl proteinase primarily involved in the digestion of proteins in the stomach and represents one of the main androgen-inducible proteins in breast cancer cells. METHOD: Tumoral pepsinogen C expression was retrospectively analyzed in 35 paraffin-embedded tissues from patients with primary malignant cutaneous melanoma and in 10 samples from 10 benign lesions (4 dermal melanocytic nevi, 4 compound melanocytic nevi and 2 dysplastic melanocytic nevi), using immunohistochemical methods. RESULTS: The benign lesions were consistently negative for pepsinogen C, whereas 20 of the 35 malignant melanomas (57%) showed positive immunostaining for pepsinogen C. The percentage of pepsinogen C-positive tumors was significantly higher in men than in women (p=0.01) and in epithelioid melanomas than in fusocellular or mixed type melanomas (p=0.003). In addition, the percentage of pepsinogen-C positive tumors was positively and significantly correlated with lesion thickness (p=0.003), Clark's level of invasion (p=0.028) and tumor stage (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Pepsinogen C could be a new prognosticator of unfavorable outcome in cutaneous malignant melanoma.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Membranous levels of c-erbB-2 oncoprotein in gastric cancer: their relationship with clinicopathological parameters and their prognostic significance.

BACKGROUND: The protein encoded by the c-erbB-2 gene is a membrane receptor expressed in a variety of solid human cancers and directly related to poor prognosis. The objective of this work was to evaluate the clinical value of the quantification of membranous oncoprotein levels in gastric cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Membranous c-erbB-2 levels were examined by means of a sandwich immunoenzymatic assay in 82 patients with gastric cancer. The median follow-up period for these patients was 16 months. In addition, c-erbB-2 expression was analyzed by immunohistochemistry in 57 gastric carcinomas. RESULTS: Membranous c-erbB-2 levels ranged widely in the studied tumors (44-112,000 NHU/mg protein). Median c-erbB2 content was significantly higher in intestinal-type tumors than in diffuse-type tumors (p = 0.01). In addition, high levels of c-erbB-2 were significantly associated with shorter relapse-free survival and overall survival in patients with resectable gastric carcinomas (p = 0.01 and p = 0.04, respectively). However, the correlation between immunohistochemistry and ELISA determinations did not reach statistical significance. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest a potential prognostic value of membranous c-erbB-2 quantification by immunoenzymatic assay in gastric cancer. However, its possible role in the selection of patients with a view to the possible introduction of Herceptin as a novel drug against gastric cancer is at present uncertain.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Expression and clinical significance of pepsinogen C in uveal melanomas.

PURPOSE: we investigated by immunohistochemistry the pepsinogen C (pepC) expression in uveal melanomas and analyzed the possible relationship to clinicopathological parameters and prognostic significance. METHODS: We studied 22 patients who had undergone enucleation of the eyeball or local tumor resection for uveal melanoma. The specimens were immunostained for pepC on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections. Sex, age, tumor location, histological type, local invasion, postoperative treatment and metastasis were evaluated. RESULTS: Eleven tumors (50%) were positive for pepsinogen C. The percentage of pepC-positive tumors was significantly higher in uveal melanomas with scleral invasion than in those without scleral invasion (p < 0.01). PepC expression was significantly associated with a shortened overall survival (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that pepsinogen C may be expressed by uveal melanoma and suggest that this protein could be considered as a new, unfavorable prognostic factor in these tumors.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Percutaneous fine needle aspiration biopsy cytology of the liver for staging small cell lung carcinoma. Comparison with other methods.

Fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is used routinely in the diagnosis of primary, benign, malignant and metastatic hepatic tumors. At our hospital, the staging protocol for small cell lung carcinomas and lymphomas requires biochemical determination of liver function, hepatic radionuclide analysis with 99Tc and abdominal echography (used also for FNAB guidance). We analyzed the effectiveness of these methods in 16 patients with a previous diagnosis of small cell lung carcinoma. They represented 22.5% of 71 patients on whom 142 FNABs of the liver were performed. Biochemistry was normal in 1 case of tumor and abnormal in 19 others in which all other determinations were normal. Echography was positive in 12 of the 16 cases; gammagraphy was abnormal in 11. FNAB of the liver therefore increased the sensitivity of the other procedures.

Adult↗