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Biomedical subjects

L O Hansson

Publications and source records attributed to L O Hansson.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Peri- and postoperative changes in serum levels of four tumor markers and three acute phase reactants in benign and malignant gynecological diseases.

Serum levels of squamous cell carcinoma antigen, carcinoembryonic antigen, CA 125, tissue polypeptide antigen, CRP, alpha 1-antitrypsin and haptoglobin were determined peri- and postoperatively in patients undergoing surgery for benign gynecological disease (n = 18) and postoperatively in women operated for cervical carcinoma (n = 23). The only significant changes seen after premedication, during anesthesia and during surgery were a decrease in serum concentrations of alpha 1-antitrypsin and haptoglobin. We found no postoperative changes in the serum levels of squamous cell carcinoma antigen nor in carcinoembryonic antigen values. However, the latter analyte was influenced by smoking habits. Elevated levels of CA 125 and tissue polypeptide antigen were found in the cancer patients, predominantly within the first 1-3 weeks after surgery. These levels decreased to normal values within 4-6 weeks postoperatively. The median intraindividual coefficients of variation for the tumor markers ranged between 15% and 28% in 30 control women not having surgery. In general, it would seem advisable to wait 6 weeks after surgery before monitoring with CA 125 and TPA is started.

Acute-Phase Proteins↗
PubMed1991

Plasma protein changes in chronic osteomyelitis of the jaws.

In the present study, quantification of different serum proteins known as inflammatory reactans was performed during different stages of chronic osteomyelitis of the jaws, to find a suitable tool for evaluation of treatment. In all 46 sera from 17 osteomyelitis patients and 6 healthy subjects were analyzed. Repeated measurements of alfa-1-antitrypsin, orosomucoid and haptoglobin could be recommended for following-up the effect of treatment, although too extensive conclusions should not be drawn from single measurements. The serum levels of these proteins seemed to co-vary with the clinical activity of the disease. Since the synthesis of the immunoglobulins only indirectly reflects the inflammatory activity, they are not considered to be suitable markers of inflammation, although their concentration in serum varied with the clinical activity. A certain "mass of inflammation" seemed to be necessary before raised values of C-reactive protein were detected. No information was gained from albumin concentration.

Acute-Phase Proteins↗
PubMed1990

Immunological changes in primary HIV-1 infection.

Homosexual men with symptomatic primary HIV-1 infection displayed a pronounced lymphopaenia with significantly depressed numbers of CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ cells and B cells during the first week of illness. Subsequently, the CD8+ cell counts rose in parallel with numbers of CD3+ cells, atypical lymphocytes and activated (CD38+ and HLA-Dr+) cells to attain maximal levels about a month following onset of illness. In contrast CD4+ and B cell numbers remained low for an extended period of time. Early signs of a host response included a transient appearance of interferon-alpha in the blood and raised levels of neopterin and beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2-M). Neither CD4+/CD8+ cell ratio nor beta 2-M resumed completely normal values during a follow-up period of 2 years. These findings shed some light on pathogenetic events during early HIV-1 infection and suggest that the infection, following the acute symptomatic stage, usually enters a stage of chronic active rather than latent infection.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Elevated neopterin and beta 2-microglobulin levels in blood and cerebrospinal fluid occur early in HIV-1 infection.

Neopterin and beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2-M) concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood were measured in 56 individuals in various stages of HIV-1 infection. Elevated levels of neopterin as well as beta 2-M were found in the CSF of three patients with primary HIV-1 infection and also in subjects in the early stages of chronic HIV-1 infection, with the highest levels in HIV-1 isolation-positive people. There was a clear correlation between the concentrations of the two substances and the levels seemed to increase in parallel with progress of infection. A similar pattern was found in blood. Higher concentrations of neopterin and beta 2-M in CSF than in blood were found in patients with advanced dementia in particular. These findings indicate that the cellular immune system in the central nervous system (CNS) may be activated during the early stages of HIV-1 infection without concomitant overt neurological symptoms. The pathological processes in CNS and blood seem to develop in parallel rather than being restricted to one compartment.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1989

The value of C-reactive protein as a marker of bacterial infection in patients with septicaemia/endocarditis and influenza.

In order to evaluate the capacity of C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), white blood cell count (WBC) and polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) to differentiate between bacterial and viral infection we studied 176 patients with septicaemia/endocarditis (SE), 59 patients with uncomplicated influenza (UI) and 22 patients with complicated influenza (CI) retrospectively. All 4 parameters were significantly more elevated in SE and CI than in UI. Among patients with SE 10 176 had a CRP value less than 50 mg/l and in patients with UI 5/56 had a CRP value greater than 100 mg/l. Patients with SE caused by pneumococci had the highest CRP levels and patients with alfa-haemolytic streptococci the lowest. The sensitivity and specificity favours the use of CRP as an indicator of bacterial superinfection in influenza.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

The effect of large doses of vitamin C on leukocyte function and some laboratory parameters.

Consumption of large doses of vitamin C has been ascribed several beneficial effects e.g. on serum cholesterol, haemoglobin synthesis, leucocyte function. Other authors have warned against large doses which could cause renal stones, disturbed vitamin C metabolism, a diabetogenic effect. To test certain statements 24 healthy women received either placebo, 1000 mg or 4000 mg ascorbic acid daily in a double blind study. Blood was drawn at regular intervals. Those women who received large doses of vitamin C increased their serum levels of vitamin C, during the medication, but otherwise we found no differences neither in leucocyte levels of vitamin C, leucocyte function nor other laboratory parameters between women who received placebo or large doses of ascorbic acid.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Allergy, otitis media and serum immunoglobulins after adenoidectomy.

The incidence of atopic disease and of episodes of otitis media, respiratory tract infections as well as levels of serum immunoglobulins were followed during 16 months after adenoidectomy in a consecutive group of 274 children. The total incidence of atopic disease was high (23.6%) at the start of the study and increased further to 39.0% during the study. Increased serum IgE levels, positive RAST tests and/or positive provocation tests were found before the onset of atopic symptoms in 13 out of the 19 children developing such symptoms during the observation period. Otitis media continued to occur in 42.9% of the children. The incidence of episodes of otitis media after the adenoidectomy was higher with lower age, a high number of episodes of otitis media before the operation and/or a history of atropic disease. None of the laboratory tests could predict subsequent episodes of otitis media. Protracted respiratory tract infections developed only in children with laboratory findings indicative of atopy. Serum IgE and IgM levels decreased significantly. No serious infections and no dysgammaglobulinaemias developed. Adenoidectomy seems to be a rather minor trauma from an immunological point of view, but further and controlled studies are needed concerning the possible clinical benefit of adenoidectomy in children with recurrent otitis media.

Adenoidectomy↗
PubMed1977

Atopic allergy and serum IgE in randomly selected eight-year-old children.

The incidence of atopic allergy and serum IgE levels as well as specific IgE antibodies was studied in a randomly selected sample of 164 8-year-old children who were followed-up for 2 years. The total incidence of atopic disease was 18.9 per cent. Serum IgE levels were above + 2 s.d. for the age before the onset of atopic disease in seven of 11 children who developed an atopic disease during the observation period. The direct paper disc sandwich radioimmunoassay, PRIST, equalled the Phadebas IgE test for discriminating between atopy and non-atopy, but PRIST is preferred because of its simplicity. Actual or future atopic disease disease is most probable when the serum IgE is above the + 2 s.d. limit for age. Serum IgE levels below the geometrical mean for age are rarely found in atopic disease. An IgE determination with PRIST will give more discriminative information than the family history and is recommended for routine purposes when there is a history of possible atopic allergy in a child.

Child↗
PubMed1977

Vitamin C as a preventive medicine against common colds in children.

During 7 weeks in the spring of 1973 a double-blind pilot study on 172 children in the age group 8-9 was carried out to test the possible effect of 1000 mg vitamin C daily as a prophylactic agent against common colds. During the autumn of 1973, a main study was carried out on 642 children of the same age. The investigations had the same pattern and lasted for 3 months. Both studies have been processed on the same principles. The results were somewhat divergent but, like previously published studies on children, seemed to indicate that the duration and severity of the cold were reduced while, on the other hand, the incidence remained unaltered or indeed increased. The total number of days of upper respiratory tract infection was smaller for the vitamin C group only in the pilot study (not in the main study). No proven biochemical effects were obtained. Preventive treatment of healthy children with vitamin C in large doses this had no definitely proved effect against colds.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Atopic allergy and immunoglobulins in children with adenoids and recurrent otitis media.

From 274 adenoidectomized children 1-16 years of age two groups were selected: children with a history of recurrent otitis media and/or otosalpingitis (middle ear effusion) and those in which nasal obstruction was the main symptom. In all, 154 children were subjected to an allergy investigation including history, skin tests, eye tests, determination of IgE and RAST, blood eosinophils and immunoglobulins G, A and M. No increased incidence of immunoglobulin deficiency was found in either group in comparison with unselected children. A family history of atopic disease and/or otitis media was highly overrepresented, especially in the children with recurrent otitis media as the reason for the adenoidectomy. Atopic diseases had occurred in 24.4% of the children. Furthermore, in both groups there was a high incidence of positive skin and eye tests. An increased incidence of eosinophila, positive RAST tests and elevated IgE levels were also found. In all, 39.6% of the children had two or more laboratory findings characteristic of the atopic state but no significant difference was found between the two groups. Possible connections between atopic allergy and recurrent otitis media are discussed.

Adenoidectomy↗