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L O Neville

Publications and source records attributed to L O Neville.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1988

Efficacy and safety of teicoplanin in gram-positive peritonitis in patients on peritoneal dialysis.

Twelve cases of peritonitis caused by Gram-positive bacteria in 11 dialysis patients were treated with teicoplanin. Treatment, which was continued for three weeks, consisted of the addition of teicoplanin to the dialysis fluid. Six patients who were febrile on admission were also given a single intravenous dose of 400 mg teicoplanin. For patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis 20 mg teicoplanin per litre was added to each dialysis bag during the first week of treatment, to alternate bags during the second week, and only to the overnight dwell bag in the third week. For patients on intermittent peritoneal dialysis, 20 mg/l teicoplanin was added at each dialysis session. Resolution of peritonitis occurred in all patients within one to five days (mean 2.2); nine were discharged within this period and the patients continued to treat themselves at home. The other two patients were kept in hospital for reasons unconnected with the peritonitis. Nine patients have remained well at follow-up 2-13 months (mean 6.3) later. Two patients, both of whom had Staphylococcus aureus peritonitis, relapsed three months after the end of treatment. Mean serum teicoplanin concentrations were less than 10 mg/l, except in one patient who was re-treated when he relapsed. No adverse effects were recorded; one patient who developed a conductive hearing loss was found to have otitis media and obstruction due to wax. We conclude that teicoplanin is safe and effective in treating peritonitis in patients on peritoneal dialysis.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1987

Teicoplanin in patients with chronic renal failure on dialysis: microbiological and pharmacokinetic aspects.

A significant increase in the incidence of methicillin resistance was found in coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from infected dialysis fluids in 1985 compared with the previous year. Vancomycin and teicoplanin were active against all these isolates, and had similar minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations. The pharmacokinetic behaviour of teicoplanin in 23 dialysis patients was studied. A single, intravenous dose of teicoplanin was given to 11 patients on haemodialysis (HD) and seven patients on chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). In five CAPD patients, 40 mg was added to each 2 litre bag of dialysate for a five day period. Twenty such bags were exchanged. The study showed that a) teicoplanin was not removed from the body by HD or CAPD, b) less than 3% of the administered dose appeared in the urine, c) serum levels reached a plateau of 3-4 micrograms/ml after 40 hours and were maintained for at least five days, regardless of the route of administration or form of dialysis. These findings have obvious implications regarding appropriate treatment regimens in dialysis patients.

Adult↗