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Biomedical subjects

L Olsson

Publications and source records attributed to L Olsson.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Hodgkin's disease: in vitro susceptibility of skin fibroblasts to infection with virus and to lysis by autologous lymphocytes.

Fibroblast cultures established from the skin of 16 untreated stage 1 and stage 2 Hodgkin's patients (HD) and 60 healthy controls were studied in their 3rd, 4th and 5th in vitro passage. HD cultures were similar to control cultures with respect to transformation with Simian sarcoma virus (SSV) and SV40 and with respect to interferon release. HD cultures, however, showed a depressed replication of both herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1 and type 2. Preliminary evidence for enhanced immune interaction with fibroblasts in HD was a more frequent injury of HD than control fibroblast cultures when incubated 4 hours with autologous mononuclear leucocytes in the presence of autologous serum.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Emerging immunologic approaches to treatment of neoplastic diseases.

Recent research on the immunobiology of the tumor-host relationship has demonstrated that nonspecific cellular immune reactions, like natural killer cells and cytotoxic autoreactive cells, may be far more potent antineoplastic mechanisms than specific T lymphocyte cytotoxicity. The hybridoma technique, making it possible to raise monoclonal antibodies against predefined antigens, has rendered passive immunotherapy more attractive. It is suggested that the combination of nonspecific cellular immune reactions with monoclonal antibodies may be a highly efficient antineoplastic therapy for minimal residual disease.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1982

The effect of D,L-carnitine supplementation on muscle metabolism, neuropathy, cardiac and hepatic function in hemodialysis patients. A pilot study.

Three patients on regular hemodialysis treatment were perorally supplemented with D.L-carnitine, 900 mg/d, during four weeks. Before treatment, muscle carnitine concentrations were low and the patients showed signs of hypometabolism in skeletal muscle, cardiomyopathy, impaired hepatic function and a moderate hyperlipoproteinemia. After treatment, the skeletal muscle metabolism normalized. The results further indicate improvement of the cardiac and hepatic function and of the neuropathy on the sensory side. No improvement was found, however, in plasma lipoprotein pattern or in variables reflecting plasma lipid transport (lipoprotein lipase activity and intravenous fat tolerance).

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Expanded progeny cells of diffuse cytotoxic bone marrow-derived colonies.

Bone marrow-derived (colony-stimulating factor [CSF]-dependent) diffuse colonies have been shown to include colonies with cytotoxic activity. Such diffuse colonies were expanded for 6-8 weeks in liquid culture medium in the presence of pokeweed mitogen- or concanavalin A-conditioned spleen cell medium (CM). The morphology of the expanded diffuse colony cells (EDCC) was like that of early myelocytic cells. EDCC lost their cytotoxic capacity when expanded, but the cytotoxicity could be reinduced by pretreatment of the colonies with interferon or phorbol ester. Traditional sources of mouse or human CSF such as lung CM, placenta CM and human mononuclear cell CM did not support proliferation of EDCC, whereas partly purified interleukin-3 (IL-3), lacking CSF and IL-2, was stimulatory for EDCC. Thus, the stimulatory factor for EDCC was not CSF but a factor closely related to IL-3. Monoclonal antibodies against T lymphocytes or macrophages did not bind to EDCC. EDCC did not have Fc receptors, but 10% of the cells were positive for a monoclonal anti-Ia antibody. All EDCC were positive for alpha NAE and NASDCI esterases but negative for acid and alkaline phosphatases and peroxidase reactivity; less than 2% of the cells showed metachromatic staining with toluidine. Ultrastructurally, EDCC showed various degrees of cell differentiation but absence of specific cytoplasmatic characteristics such as neutrophilic, eosinophilic, basophilic and mast cell granules. Current work aims to define factors and conditions necessary for the induction of differentiation in these immature monomyelocytic cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Non-invasive determination of the distribution of cardiac output in man at rest and during exercise.

The distribution of cardiac output, as expressed by the regional uptake of thallium-201 following injection, has been studied by whole body scanning with a gamma-camera in six healthy persons and eight patients with aortic valvular disease. In the patients, cardiac output at rest and during exercise was also measured by the dye dilution technique. Combining the values of cardiac output and regional thallium uptake enabled the calculation of organ blood flow. The myocardial uptake of thallium at rest was 3.2 +/- 0.32% in the control group, which is significantly lower than 8.3 +/- 1.52%, found in the patients. The corresponding values measured in the kidneys were 12.5 +/- 1.91% in the healthy subjects and 7.1 +/- 0.50% in the patient material. Myocardial uptake increased and kidney uptake decreased in both groups following injection at peak exercise. Thallium uptake in the legs increased from about 13% at rest to about 39% at exercise in both groups. Distribution of thallium after injection at peak exercise did not, however, vary significantly between the two groups in the kidneys, abdominal area or the legs. Further methodological work is required before it can be ascertained to what extent the regional thallium uptake reflects the distribution of cardiac output. We nevertheless propose that the technique should be explored further, since it appears to be a simple non-invasive means of visualizing the distribution of the cardiac output in man under certain conditions.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Stimulatory effect on DNA synthesis of thymus and spleen extract from leukemic AKR mice.

A 30,000-50,000 molecular weight (MW) extract of thymus and spleen from 11 age groups of untreated AKR mice, 1-210 days old, was tested for in vitro effect on thymidine incorporation into normal AKR lymph node cells, normal spleen cells, and leukemic thymocytes. Extracts from mice up to 5 months of age mostly had slightly inhibitory effect but concomitant with emergence of thymus leukemia in the 6-month-old mice, the extract acquired a strongly mitogenic effect on normal lymph node cells. Seven-month-old, non-leukemic animals again yielded extracts with inhibitory effect.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Inhibitory effect of a revertant cell on in vivo growth of its parental transformed cell line.

A revertant cell line, KSR-4111, cloned from a sarcoma virus transformed non-virus producing murine 3T3 cell line, K-BALB-23, was found to inhibit in vivo growth in newborn syngeneic mice of the transformed cells when grafted to the same locus, but not when grafted separately from the grafted tumor cells. No inhibition of outgrowth of the transformed K-BALB-23 cells was obtained with another revertant, KSR-12121, also cloned from the transformed K-BALB-23 cell, nor with the normal 3T3 cell. Furthermore, grafting of two syngeneic mammary tumors was unaffected by the presence of the protective revertant cells. The protective revertant KSR-4111 was furthermore characterized by inducing cytoxic non-theta-antigen-bearing spleen lymphocytes in grafted syngeneic recipients.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Interview or questionnaire? A comparison based on the relationship between caries and dietary habits in preschoolchildren.

The aim was to select a method for gaining correct past history data about dietary habits by studying how caries varied in relation to dietary habits. Therefore, an interview was used in one group of preschoolchildren and a questionnaire in another group. Ninety-three 4-year-old children were included and divided by lot into two groups. The groups were comparable concerning dmfs, gingival status and oral hygiene. The parents were either interviewed or filled in a questionnaire about the children's dietary habits. The interview contained the same questions as the questionnaire and was standardized with the instructions for filling in the questionnaire, which concentrated on frequency of eating different foods. An average frequency of cariologically unsuitable eating of food per day was calculated for each child. Each group was distributed over frequency classes: less than 2, greater than or equal to 2 less than 5 and greater than or equal to 5 unsuitable food intakes per day, and the mean caries value was calculated for each class. The amount of caries increased in a logical way with increasing frequency of unsuitable eating in the interview group, but not in the questionnaire group. It might therefore be concluded, for groups of preschooldchildren, that the interview technique gives more relevant information than the questionnaire technique.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1981

Antigenic heterogeneity of leukemia.

When reassessing the clonal origin of malignant tumors, it is argued that most malignant tumors are heterogeneous for a number of phenotypic characteristics including antigenicity. Taking the murine AkR leukemia as an example, how antigenic heterogeneity may affect immunologic approaches to diagnostics and treatment of leukemias is discussed. The consequences for use of monoclonal antibodies in relation to human leukemias are also discussed, especially in light of recent achievements in producing human monoclonal antibodies.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Sensitivity of cloned high- and low-metastatic murine Lewis lung tumor cells to lysis by cytotoxic autoreactive cells.

Cloned malignant cell lines from primary tumor sites (two lines) and from a lung metastatic focus (one line) were established 14 and 28 days after s.c. inoculation of Lewis lung tumor cells into C57BL/6 mice. Cloning was done in semisolid agarose culture medium and individual clones expanded in liquid medium. In vivo malignancy of the three lines was assured by graft experiments to healthy C57BL/6 recipients. Morphology, cloning efficiency in agarose, and growth rate were the same for all three lines. However, the cloned line from a metastatic focus had a higher metastatic rate (number of lung metastases per 10(5) injected tumor cells) compared to the two other cell lines. T-lymphocyte-depleted mononuclear spleen cells from mice grafted with tumor cells 2 to 4 weeks previously were found to be cytotoxic to cells from all three lines, whereas unfractionated mononuclear spleen cells from the same animals had weak or no cytotoxic activity. The cytotoxicity of T-lymphocyte-depleted spleen cells was found to include other malignant and nonmalignant target cells of C57BL/6 origin, but not allogeneic cells. In mixing experiments, splenic T-lymphocytes inhibited the cytotoxic activity of non-T-lymphocytes. The high- and low-metastatic tumor cell lines were found to be equally sensitive to lysis by T-cell-depleted spleen cells, suggesting that the effector cells (cytotoxic autoreactive cells) may have a significant antineoplastic potential.

Animals↗