Roberts syndrome: first-trimester prenatal diagnosis.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to L Otaño.
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Obstetricians' epidemiological knowledge and their awareness of associated risk factors are essential for the primary prevention of birth defects. Screening and early diagnosis of congenital malformations is an expanding field in general obstetrics. Cardiac defects are the most frequent type of congenital malformation, and early detection is possible.
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OBJECTIVE: To look for associations between previous fetal loss and fetal malformation or low birthweight in a subsequent pregnancy. DESIGN: A case-control study with place of birth, time and sex matched controls. SETTING: 72 South American maternity hospitals. SUBJECTS: 18,534 malformed, 1150 non-malformed babies of low birthweight and 16,394 controls. All babies were from mothers with at least one previous pregnancy. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Frequency of stillbirths and miscarriages in the previous pregnancy and outcome of the index pregnancy. RESULTS: Multiple malformation, Down's syndrome, anencephaly, spina bifida, pes equinovarus, congenital dislocation of the hip and low birthweight are associated with previous fetal loss. CONCLUSION: A miscarriage or a stillbirth in a previous pregnancy should be taken into account when the risk of malformations or low birthweight in a subsequent pregnancy is assessed.