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Biomedical subjects

L P Lipsitt

Publications and source records attributed to L P Lipsitt.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Relationship of maternal and perinatal conditions to eventual adolescent suicide.

In an investigation of a possible relationship between falling perinatal mortality and rising rates of adolescent suicide, 46 risk factors from the prenatal, birth, and neonatal records of 52 adolescents who committed suicide before age 20 and 2 matched controls for each subject were analysed blind. The results showed statistically significant differences between the suicide victims and each of the controls and no difference between the controls. Three specific risk factors were shown to have a powerful capacity to differentiate the suicides from the controls: (i) respiratory distress for more than 1 h at birth; (ii) no antenatal care before 20 weeks of pregnancy; and (iii) chronic disease of the mother during pregnancy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Classical conditioning and retention of the infant's eyelid response: effects of age and interstimulus interval.

Independent groups of 10-,20-, and 30-day-old infants were subjected to a classical eyelid conditioning procedure involving either a 500- or a 1500-msec interstimulus interval (ISI). Ten days later, all received a second conditioning session. A reliable increase in conditioned responding was observed at all ages but only by infants receiving the 1500-msec ISI. Although age was not a significant factor in any conditioning measure except final performance level, which was greater for the oldest than for the youngest group, it did influence long-term retention. A reliable memory component was observed in the Session 2 performance of infants initially trained at 20 and 30 days but not at 10 days. These data demonstrate the importance of temporal parameters in the formation of conditioned associations very early in infancy and provide evidence for the long-term behavioral consequences of those associations.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1980

Somatic growth of children of diabetic mothers with reference to birth size.

In this study of the effects of maternal diabetes on the growth of offspring, 52 diabetic mothers were enrolled prenatally in the Providence cohort of the Perinatal Collaborative Study during 1960-1963. Among the offspring, there were 12 perinatal deaths. We were able to enroll 34 survivors and 34 matched controls in an adolescent follow-up study. Of the 34 diabetic mothers, six were insulin dependent, six had chemical diabetes, 13 had gestational diabetes, and nine were suspects. As part of the Collaborative Project, sequential follow-up evaluations had been done at four months, one year, four years, and seven years. A positive relationship was found between maternal pre-pregnant weight, weight gain during pregnancy, and the neonatal weight/height index in both diabetic and control subjects. At 7 years of age, eight of 19 offspring of diabetic mothers who were large for gestation at birth were obese, whereas only one of 14 infants who were appropriate for gestation at birth were obese (P < 0.05). Adolescent obesity (weight/height index greater than or equal to 1.2) was more likely in infants who had been LGA at birth. These data suggest that macrosomia in infants of diabetic mothers may be a predisposing factor for later obesity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

The stability and interrelationships of newborn sucking and heart rate.

The sucking behavior of 44 newborns was recorded along with heart rate (HR) and respiration. These 3 systems showed stability over a 24-hr period. Sucking parameters varied markedly depending upon whether the infant was sucking for sucrose or under a no-fluid condition. Moreover, HR was strikingly affected by sweetness. The direction of HR change was toward increasing rates when sucking for sweet, even though sucking for sweet substances occurs more slowly than for no fluid.

Female↗
PubMed1976

Obstetric history and the heart-rate response of newborns to sound.

Two groups of clinically normal newborns, differing in the number of non-optimal factors in their obstetric history, were compared by measuring heart-rate response to a series of auditory stimuli. There was a significant difference between the groups in the direction of the average heart-rate response. The high risk" group showed more heart-rate acceleration and less deceleration compared with the "low-risk" group. The heart-rate responses were significantly related to the number of non-optimal obstetric conditions and to parity, but not to the maternal pre-delivery medication score. The greater the "risk" at birth, the less was the deceleration; the greater the maternal parity, the less did acceleration occur in response to auditory stimulation. There was no significant difference between the high-risk and low-rsik groups in heart-rate response trends over trials. Both groups showed reliable diminution of deceleration heart-rate response over trials.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1976

Neonatal nutritive sucking: effects of taste stimulation upon sucking rhythm and heart rate.

The sucking behavior and heart rate of 22 full-term newborns were recorded. Half of the infants sucked for 9 minutes in 3 blocks of 3 minutes, first receiving a 0.02-ml drop of 5% sucrose for each criterion suck, then no fluid contingent upon such sucks, and finally a 0.02-ml drop of 15% sucrose for each suck. The other half received these conditions in reverse order. Regardless of the order in which the 2 nutrient conditions were administered, intersuck intervals were longer under the sweeter condition, but heart rate was also higher. Possible interpretations include a hedonic explanation suggesting that sucking rate is modulated to facilitate savoring of the sweeter fluid.

Heart Rate↗