Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to L P Maevskaia.
A study was made into the functional status of hypophysis, adrenal cortex, ovaries, and thyroid gland in patients with kraurosis and leukoplakia vulvae. The above patients demonstrated profound disturbances in the system hypophysis-ovaries, that attest to the need for applying corrective therapies to treat the disturbed hormonal homeostasis.
Patients with cancer of the vulva showed significant disorders of pituitary adrenal cortex, ovarian and thyroid function. This requires carrying out corrective hormone therapy with the purpose of increasing the efficiency of combined treatment.
Patients with gynecomastia revealed simultaneous increase in blood levels of estrogens, glucocorticoids and pituitary (first of all, gonadotropic) hormones associated with a decrease in blood-androgen concentration. Such combination of disturbances may account for hyperplasia of the male breast.
It was established that male patients with breast cancer showed significant disorders of the functional state of the pituitary, adrenal cortex and gonads. This may be significant for the efficacy of combined treatment.
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In patients with cancer of the rectum and stomach the excretion of 17-ketosteroids was reduced, compared with the normal level, most of these patients showing a decreased adrenal glucocorticoid function too. In patients with cancer of the gastrointestinal tract adrenaline and noradrenaline excretion was lower than normal values. There is a distinct correlation between the indices of catecholamines and corticosteroids excretion in the urine of patients with rectal and gastric cancer.
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Membrane structures of the mast cells are mainly of protein nature, since trypsin treatment causes almost complete loss of mast cell ability to form rosettes. Trypsin-sensitive proteins have no critical role in the formation of membrane thymocytes structures, which cause their affinity to the mast cells. Sialic acids play a role in organization of the membrane thymocyte structures.
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A study was made of the effect of thymostimulin, a medicine of thymus principles, on immature cells including also mastocyte-affined lymphocytes possessing membranous affinity to mast cells--the influence which may result in contact interaction of the above cell types with the formation of mastocyte-lymphocyte rosettes. The results obtained indicated that under certain conditions thymus principles influenced lymphocyte ability for contact interaction with mast cells.
The level of thymus serum factor (TSF) was studied in the circulation of adrenalectomized rats and in the administration of corticosteroids. The effect of adrenocortical hormones on the receptor properties of thymocytes by the ability of mast cells to form mastolymphocytic rosettes (MLR) with thymocytes was also studied. The TSF content was shown to decrease to the level observed in thymectomized animals 40 h after administration of 125 mg/kg hydrocortisone. The MLR amount formed by thymocytes decreased significantly either. Adrenalectomy mas accompanied by an increase in the TSF content early after operation and at later time the MLR amount rose. Sham adrenalectomy resulted in a decrease in the TSF amount early after operation.
Dibunol (butylhydroxytoluene) in 1-g capsules was given to lung cancer patients, 4 g for two days and 4 g for one day before surgery. The level of stress was evaluated by the blood levels of cortisole, by the daily urinary concentrations of 17-keto- and 17-ketogenic steroids, and by the blood levels medium-weight molecular peptides and toxic indices 1, 3, 5-7 days of postsurgery. The antistress action of the agent appeared as twofold decreased blood cortisol and urinary 17-KS and 17-KGS 1 day after surgery, returning to the baseline on day 3 (while there was no normalization even on day 7 if dibunol was not given), and as significantly declined intoxication indices.
Breast cancer patients residing in those territories controllable because of Chernobyl APP accident demonstrated significant disturbances in functional state of hypophyseal-thyroid and pituitary-adrenal axes, with central regulatory mechanisms being affected to the greatest extent. The above disturbances may arouse augmentation of prolactin secretion, which fact tends to aggravate the morbus course worsening the prognosis as well as leading to a variety of disorder in the reproductive system.