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Biomedical subjects

L P Samaranayake

Publications and source records attributed to L P Samaranayake.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Secretor status, candidal carriage and candidal infection in patients with diabetes mellitus.

One hundred and nine patients with diabetes mellitus and 100 age-, sex- and denture-status-matched, non-diabetic individuals were investigated prospectively. Comparison was made of oral candidal carriage, clinical infection and inherited ability to secrete blood group antigens in saliva. Diabetic patients had a significantly higher prevalence of oral candidal carriage and infection (P less than 0.001) than non-diabetic individuals, but the candidal load between the 2 groups, was not significant. A comparable proportion of insulin-dependent, non-insulin dependent and control groups were secretors of blood group antigens, and there was no difference in the oral candidal carriage and infection rates between secretors and non-secretors.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1987

Acute suppurative parotitis in outpatients: microbiologic and posttreatment sialographic findings.

The presenting clinical features of twenty-seven cases of acute suppurative parotitis seen in the Oral Medicine Unit, Glasgow Dental Hospital, between 1975 and 1985 are reviewed. The microbiologic findings plus the management and subsequent findings on sialography after recovery are summarized. Of the microorganisms isolated, alpha-hemolytic streptococci predominated, with many other bacteria similar in range to those reported in previous studies. Microbiologically, the drug of choice was erythromycin, closely followed by ampicillin. Sialography in the posttreatment phase demonstrated a local salivary gland abnormality in 70% of patients, and 22% of patients had a generalized salivary gland disorder. On the basis of these findings, a management regime for patients with acute suppurative parotitis is suggested.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1987

Attitudes of general dental practitioners towards the hepatitis B vaccine.

A postal survey of 295 general dental practitioners (GDP's) in the Greater Glasgow Area Health Board was undertaken to assess their acceptance and attitudes towards the plasma derived hepatitis B vaccine. Only 17% of the 144 dental practitioners who responded to the questionnaire had received the vaccine. Practitioners' reservations concerning their acceptance of the vaccine ranged from fear of side effects including AIDS, high cost and fear of recognition as a hepatitis B carrier. Forty-one percent of GDP's knowingly treated 'low risk' hepatitis B patients in their practices. When questioned of their knowledge of the other related viral causes of hepatitis, 59% were aware of non-A non-B hepatitis while only 8% were aware of delta hepatitis. In general, the survey indicated that the present hepatitis B vaccine has not been widely accepted by GDP's and general awareness of the causative agents of viral hepatitis is lacking.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1987

Communication between a specialist dental hospital department and referring general dental practitioners: an attempt at clinical audit.

A study of the communication between an Oral Medicine Unit and general dental practitioners (GDP) in the West of Scotland is reported. This investigation was done by means of a postal questionnaire aimed at identifying the factors affecting the efficiency of communication and possible ways of improving the communication. The authors were concerned that in correspondence sent back to the referring GDP there may be some factor involved in the patient's care which was being omitted and which GDPs would like to see included in future correspondence. In addition the authors wished to ascertain the familiarity of the GDP, with the procedure for referring a patient to the Unit. The final part of the questionnaire invited constructive comments and criticisms from the GDP. Fifty percent of GDPs who responded to the questionnaire thought that the information received on the diagnosis, details of drug therapy and follow-up requirements of the patient was essential. Nearly all GDPs were familiar with the procedure for referring a patient to the clinic. However, only 57% were satisfied with the time lapse between the initial referral and receiving a reply. This data, together with other findings of the survey, is being actively employed to improve communication between the Oral Medicine Unit and GDPs in the West of Scotland.

Attitude↗
PubMed1987

Carriage of Candida species in the oral cavity in diabetic patients: relationship to glycaemic control.

To study the possible relationship between the quality of glycaemic control in diabetes mellitus and the carriage of Candida species, the candidal carrier status of 412 diabetic patients was examined using an oral rinse technique and correlated with measurements of random blood glucose and total glycosylated haemoglobin. Candida was isolated in 210 diabetics (51%) with 13 patients (6%) carrying more than one species. The positive isolates were: Candida albicans (89%), Candida krusei (2.8%), Candida glabrata (2.8%), Candida tropicalis (6.2%), Candida stellatoidea (2.8%) and Candida parapsilosis (0.5%). No association was identified between carriage rates and the type of treatment of diabetes, or with the quality of glycaemic control. As in non-diabetic subjects, the carriage rates were higher in diabetic patients wearing dentures. Thus, the oral carriage of Candida in diabetic patients was independent of glycaemic control but in certain sub-groups the carriage rates were higher, and involved uncommon candidal species.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1987

Comparison of Sabouraud dextrose and Pagano-Levin agar media for detection and isolation of yeasts from oral samples.

The sensitivities of Sabouraud dextrose agar and modified Pagano-Levin agar for the primary isolation of yeasts and the recovery of multiple yeast species from single clinical samples were compared by using oral-rinse samples. Although there was a highly significant positive correlation between the numbers of yeasts recovered from both media, modified Pagano-Levin agar was far superior in detecting multiple yeast species in a single sample. Of 150 oral samples containing yeasts, 23 (15.3%) contained more than one yeast species. The most frequent combination of different yeasts was Candida albicans and Torulopsis glabrata.

Candida↗
PubMed1987

A new simple method for biotyping Candida albicans.

A simple method which allows rapid, reproducible biotyping of Candida albicans isolates, and is suitable for use in any diagnostic medical microbiology laboratory is described. This system comprises three tests, the API ZYM system, the API 20C system, and a plate test for resistance to boric acid. The system differentiated a possible 234 biotypes, of which 33 were found amongst the 130 isolates of C. albicans taken from oral, genital and skin sites. Major biotypes found amongst oral and non-oral isolates were similar, although differences were found amongst minor biotypes. The new system was found to be reproducible, discriminatory, reasonably fast (48 h), easy to perform, and had no requirement for specialised equipment. Hence this biotyping system is suitable for use in diagnostic microbiology laboratories for epidemiological investigations of C. albicans infections.

Boric Acids↗
PubMed1987

Adhesion of Candida albicans to buccal epithelial cells exposed to chlorhexidine gluconate.

The adhesion of Candida albicans to buccal epithelial cells (BEC) exposed to chlorhexidine gluconate either in vivo or in vitro, was studied using BEC obtained from an adult and two children. There was a significant reduction in the adherence of yeasts to BEC collected immediately after an oral rinse of chlorhexidine. Also a significant positive correlation was noted (r = 0.99) between the time which elapsed after a chlorhexidine rinse and yeast adhesion to BEC. In-vitro exposure of BEC from both children and the adult to 0.2%, 0.02%, and 0.002% chlorhexidine, also reduced candidal adhesion to BEC.

Adhesiveness↗