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Biomedical subjects

L Papi

Publications and source records attributed to L Papi.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Coronary vasodilation is impaired in both hypertrophied and nonhypertrophied myocardium of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a study with nitrogen-13 ammonia and positron emission tomography.

To assess regional coronary reserve in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, regional myocardial blood flow was measured in 23 patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and 12 control subjects by means of nitrogen-13 ammonia and dynamic positron emission tomography. In patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy at baseline study, regional myocardial blood flow was 1.14 +/- 0.43 ml/min per g in the hypertrophied (20 +/- 3 mm) interventricular septum and 0.90 +/- 0.35 ml/min per g (p less than 0.05 versus septal flow) in the nonhypertrophied (10 +/- 2 mm) left ventricular free wall. These were not statistically different from the corresponding values in control subjects (1.04 +/- 0.25 and 0.91 +/- 0.21 ml/min per g, respectively, p = NS). After pharmacologically induced coronary vasodilation (dipyridamole, 0.56 mg/kg intravenously over 4 min), regional myocardial blood flow in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy increased significantly less than in control subjects both in the septum (1.63 +/- 0.58 versus 2.99 +/- 1.06 ml/min per g, p less than 0.001) and in the free wall (1.47 +/- 0.58 versus 2.44 +/- 0.82 ml/min per g, p less than 0.001). In addition, patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy who had a history of chest pain had more pronounced impairment of coronary vasodilator reserve than did those without a history of chest pain. After dipyridamole, coronary resistance in the septum decreased by 38% in patients without a history of chest pain, but decreased by only 14% in those with such a history (p less than 0.05). Coronary resistance in the free wall decreased by 45% in patients without and by 27% in those with a history of chest pain (p = 0.06).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Ammonia↗
PubMed1991

Correlation between cytogenetic data and ganglioside pattern in human meningiomas.

Partial or total loss of chromosome 22 is often associated with tumors of the central nervous system and in particular with meningiomas. As in the case of other tumors, the ganglioside pattern is modified in transformed tissues. Cytogenetic analysis of 30 human meningiomas has been performed and the results compared to biochemical analysis of ganglioside distribution on the membrane surface. The meningiomas were divided into 2 groups on the basis of the presence or absence of chromosome 22. Thirteen tumors exhibited partial or total monosomy of the chromosome, whereas 17 were normal or showed other chromosomal anomalies. The GM3 and GD3 content of the meningiomas belonging to the 2 groups revealed a significant correlation between amount and reciprocal ratio of these 2 gangliosides and cytogenetic data. Tumors with monosomy 22 had a higher content of ganglioside GD3 than samples without monosomy 22, where the main ganglioside was GM3. Other gangliosides such as GM1, GD1a, GD1b and GT were present in various amounts in the 2 groups. Considering the biosynthetic pathway of gangliosides, we hypothesize the involvement of a gene located on chromosome 22 in the regulation of the enzymes which catalyze either GD3 synthesis (sialyltransferase 2, SAT-2) or its degradation to GM3 (neuraminidase).

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Myocardial scintigraphy with 99mTc MIBI. The use of a single-day protocol in a multiregional center: a comparison between planar and tomographic imaging].

The use of a single-day protocol for 99mTc MIBI myocardial scintigraphy is particularly well-suited for the nuclear medicine departments that are the referral centres for the cardiology departments of several community hospitals. The aim of the study was to compare, in the same patient population, the diagnostic accuracy of planar and SPECT imaging with 99mTc MIBI using a single-day protocol. Thirty-nine patients (31 males and 8 females, age range 32-69 years) were studied because of effort chest pain. Of them, 7 had a pre-test probability of coronary artery disease less than 2.5%; coronary angiography demonstrated significant coronary obstructions in the remaining 32 subjects and 21 of them also had a history of previous myocardial infarction. All patients underwent 99mTc MIBI myocardial scintigraphy with acquisition of planar and SPECT images after injection of a low dose (370 MBq) at rest and after a second higher dose (1110 MBq), injected approximately four hours later during exercise stress testing. The normalcy rate in the 7 patients with low pre-test probability was 100% using both imaging techniques. For the diagnosis of previous infarction, the sensitivities of planar and SPECT images were 71% and 96% respectively. For the diagnosis of effort ischemia the sensitivity values were 34% and 88%, respectively, using planar and SPECT imaging. With regard to the classification of the diseased coronary arteries, the sensitivities of planar and SPECT studies were 42% and 79% respectively, and the related specificities were 91% and 77%. We may conclude that using a single-day protocol planar imaging seems to allow lower levels of diagnostic accuracy both for the diagnosis of effort ischemia and the classification of the diseased vessels as compared to SPECT, which appears therefore in a similar setting the imaging technique of choice.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

True hermaphroditism: a new case with complex mosaicism.

True hermaphroditism is a very rare disorder of human sexual differentiation. In the medical literature, more than 450 cases are described, and about 250 true hermaphrodites have been subjected to chromosome studies. A 21-year-old "man" was examined because of genital and phenotypic abnormalities: clinical, surgical and laboratory investigations showed a true hermaphroditism, with a quadruple mosaicism 45,X/46,XX/46,XY/47,XXY. We believe that this is the first case in which this peculiar type of multiple mosaicism has been documented.

Disorders of Sex Development↗
PubMed1989

Evidence for a human mitotic mutant with pleiotropic effect.

Male and female sibs born to third-cousin parents presented with mental retardation, microcephaly, short stature, juvenile onset limb-girdle muscular dystrophy and multiple chromosome mosaicism in lymphocytes and fibroblasts. Different aneuploidies (mostly trisomies) were found in 15-20% of the cells and trisomies for chromosome 8 and chromosome 7 predominated in lymphocytes and fibroblasts respectively, while monosomies were rare. Increased cellular death due to aneuploidy could explain symptoms such as mental and growth retardation and microcephaly. This could be an instance of an autosomal recessive mitotic mutant, possibly affecting a protein simultaneously involved in spindle apparatus and muscle function.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1988

[Femoral compression neuropathy caused by spontaneous hematoma during heparin therapy: description of a case].

Heparin therapy has become widespread during the past few years. Consequently, the haemorrhagic complications of this therapy have become more common. In some cases, the clinical manifestations do not directly recall the haemorrhagic episode but rather, they simulate intercurrent pathologies. This is the case with femoral neuropathy from psoas haematoma which we refer to here.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Plasma renin activity does not predict the antihypertensive efficacy of chlorthalidone.

It has been established that angiotensin II stimulation may limit the antihypertensive potential of diuretic therapy in some patients. It is less clear, however, whether renin-angiotensin II stimulation is the cause of the flat blood pressure dose-response relationship to diuretics. To investigate this, 75 out-patients with essential hypertension were treated with chlorthalidone 12.5, 25 or 50 mg o.d. for 3 weeks, in a double-blind, placebo controlled cross-over study. Chlorthalidone significantly reduced blood pressure in all the groups, a plateau being reached at 25 mg o.d. Similarly, plasma renin activity was increased by each dose level of chlorthalidone, but it showed a different trend, being increased to a comparable extent at 12.5 mg and 25 mg o.d., and still higher at 50 mg o.d. Thus, greater stimulation of renin was coincident with the levelling of the blood pressure response to chlorthalidone. However no significant correlation was found between interindividual plasma renin activity and change in blood pressure, either in the entire series, or in each treatment subset. The data suggest overall that renin stimulation may influence the characteristic dose-hypotensive response relationship to diuretic agents in antihypertensive therapy, but it is unlikely that measurement of individual plasma renin activity will provide an useful guide to the optimal dose of a diuretic agents.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Y chromosome abnormalities and azoospermia. Description of 2 cases].

We describe clinical features and laboratory findings in two azoospermic males with a large Yq deletion involving both the fluorescent and part of the non-fluorescent segment. This report give strong support to the localization of fertility factors in the euchromatic Yq portion.

Adult↗