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L Podracká

Publications and source records attributed to L Podracká.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Antioxidant enzyme activity in erythrocytes in children with kidney diseases].

BACKGROUND: An important place is ascribed to the formation and action of free oxygen radicals in the pathogenesis of some kidney diseases. The objective of the present work was to examine the antioxidant enzyme defence mechanism in children with different nephropathies. METHODS AND RESULTS: In a group of 58 children (32 boys and 26 girls, mean age 13.9 years) with different renal diseases (35 children with chronic glomerulonephritis-GN, 8 children with a relapse of the nephrotic syndrome and 15 patients with chronic renal insufficiency-CHRI) the concentration of superoxide dismutase and catalase (KAT) was examined. The SOD and KAT activity in erythrocytes was assessed spectrophotometrically at 240 nm. In the whole group of patients the mean SOD values (632 +/- 102 U/g Hb) and KAT values (3.29 +/- 0.54 mukat/g Hb) were within the reference range. The highest mean SOD and KAT values were recorded in children with a relapse of nephrotic syndrome. In the group with chronic GN the SOD concentration in erythrocytes correlated significantly with total protein levels and serum creatinine resp. (r = 0.350, p < 0.05 and r = -0.458, p < 0.01 resp.). In the CHRI stage the authors revealed a significant relationship between the SOD activity and total protein levels (r = 0.550, p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The activity of basic antioxidant enzymes SOD and KAT in erythrocytes of children with nephropathies is not significantly reduced. In patients with chronic GN there is a significant correlation between renal functions and SOD.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Present possibilities of improving the diagnosis of glomerular erythrocyturia].

Examination of glomerular erythrocyturia which proved useful in the differential diagnosis of haematuria faces in practice two serious problems--the necessity to examine fresh urine and differences as regards the interpretation of criteria of glomerular erythrocyturia (from 10 to 80%). The authors examined therefore the morphology of erythrocytes in urine of 65 children with different causes of haematuria, incl. 35 patients with different forms of glomerulonephritis. They found that adding 25 mg thimerasol to 10 ml urine preserves urinary elements, incl. morphologically altered red cells for a period of 72 hours or longer. This makes it possible to examine the red cells under a phase microscope after dealing with ambulatory patients. Among various morphological forms of red cells in urine of 31 patients with glomerulonephritis in urine acanthocytes were found in a concentration above 5%, and in the majority above 20%. Acanthocyturia above 5% was not present only in 4 patients with glomerulonephritis, whereby all four suffered from mild erythrocyturia. The authors consider therefore acanthocyturia above 5% as the most reliable evidence of glomerulonephritis, in case of erythrocyturia above 10 Ery in the visual field. The criteria of acanthocyturia in children are thus lower than in adults.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[ACE inhibitors--a potential new group of drugs for treatment of kidney diseases].

ACE inhibitors, which till recently were used almost exclusively for treatment of cardiovascular diseases, are becoming a perspective group of drugs also in the treatment of nephropathies. It was found that they are effective in particular in the treatment of proteinuria of varying origin and have also a marked renoprotective effect and are therefore recommended to retard progression of renal failure. They reduce intraglomerular hypertension, increase glomerular filtration and the renal blood flow, and it is assumed that they can retard progression of chronic glomerulonephritis and diabetic nephropathy. We may expect already in the near future that their therapeutic application will be substantially extended also in clinical nephrology.

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors↗
PubMed1992

[ACE inhibitors--a prospective new group of drugs for the treatment of kidney diseases].

ACE inhibitors which till recently were used only in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases are becoming a perspective group of drugs also in the treatment of chronic nephropathies. It was revealed that they are effective in particular in the treatment of proteinuria of different etiology and have also a marked renoprotective effect and are therefore recommended to slow down the progression of renal failure. They reduce intraglomerular hypertension, increase glomerular filtration and the renal blood flow, and it is assumed that they can retard the progression of chronic glomerulonephritis and diabetic nephropathy. It may be excepted that their therapeutic application will in the near future be extended also to clinical nephrology.

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors↗
PubMed1992

[Are dietetic and non-immunologic therapies becoming deciding factors in the treatment of autoimmune diseases?].

Authors call attention to non-immunological therapy and its determining role for fate and final prognosis in patients with autoimmune diseases. A stress importance of the timely and rigorous antihypertensive and antiinfectious treatment. From the dietary measures is best known favourable effect of the low protein diet and pharmacological limitation of the phosphorus supply. A new therapeutical aspect is the influence of the lipids on the autoimmune diseases activity and efficiency of the omega-3 unsaturated fatty acids. Non-immunological methods of the treatment are particularly valuable for the general practitioners and pediatricians, because enable them essentially to influence the course of the autoimmune diseases.

Autoimmune Diseases↗
PubMed1992

[New views on the pathophysiology of the nephrotic syndrome].

The authors draw attention to new pathophysiological aspects of some symptoms of the nephrotic syndrome (NS), in particular proteinuria, hypoalbuminaemia and oedema. In proteinuria they focus attention on the formation of a new population of heteropores in severe morphological forms of NS with penetration of high molecular proteins into urine. In hypoalbuminaemia the authors emphasize the importance of an inadequately increased albumin synthesis in the liver. In case of oedema in the majority of patients hypovolaemia is not present, as was assumed so far. In the pathogenesis of oedema primary Na retention in the kidneys is important caused by the glomerulonephritic process. New findings in the pathophysiology of NS lead to changes of several clinical approaches. The authors draw attention e.g. to the need of dietary protein restriction in NS, on altered effects of drugs in NS, new approaches to diuretic treatment etc.

Edema↗
PubMed1992

[Recombinant erythropoietin--a fundamental change in the treatment of anemia?].

The authors summarize in the submitted review recent findings on erythropoietin (EPO) and recombinant EPO (rHuEPO), a new therapeutic preparation which changed fundamentally the clinical picture of many diseases associated with anaemia. The authors discuss the physiology of EPO, regulation of its secretion, mechanism of action on bone marrow and its importance in the pathogenesis of polycythaemia and in particular anaemia. They emphasize in particular the use of rHuEPO in the treatment of different forms of anaemia. They analyze the pathogenesis of renal anaemia and the importance of treatment with rHuEPO for improvement of the haemogram as well as the general condition of the patients, their adaptability, improved psychic condition and reduced need of transfusions. The authors draw attention to the great importance of treatment with rHuEPO in the treatment of anaemias associated with inflammatory diseases (rheumatoid arthritis, AIDS, Crohn's disease and others), anaemia associated with malignancies, in the treatment of surgical diseases and in autotransfusions, in anaemias of premature infants and in some congenital heart diseases. The introduction of rHuEPO into the treatment of anaemia is a great advance of modern pharmacotherapy, which moreover opened new vistas on the role of anaemia in the clinical picture of many diseases.

Anemia↗
PubMed1992

[Personal experience with the use of human recombinant erythropoietin in the treatment of anemia in children with chronic renal insufficiency].

The authors analyze the course of treatment with human recombinant erythropoietin (rHuEPO) in five children in the preterminal stage of chronic renal insufficiency and one premature infant with a low birth weight and anaemia and acute renal insufficiency. rHuEPO was administered, 50-100 u./kg, by the s.c. route 2-3X per week. During the first month of treatment the haemoglobin rose from 7.0 dag/l to 8.2 dag/l and persisted at this level approximately to the third month of treatment. The haematocrit reached values of 0.30 during the 4th month of therapy when the authors observed also the maximum increase of reticulocytes (20%). The authors did not find a marked decline of iron and ferritin concentrations. In the child with a low birth weight treatment with rHuEPO was started at the age of six weeks and the age haemogram was favourably influenced already after four weeks of treatment with rHuEPO.

Anemia↗
PubMed1990

Zinc and copper metabolism in nephrotic syndrome.

The effect of proteinuria on urinary zinc and copper excretion was studied in children with nephrotic syndrome (NS). Clearance, fractional excretion, and urinary excretion of zinc and copper were significantly higher in children with relapse of NS than in the same children with remission of NS or in healthy children. A linear correlation was found between proteinuria and urinary zinc and copper excretion in relapse of NS. The results of this study suggest that zinc and copper deficiency in NS may be related also to increased urinary zinc and copper losses.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Renal excretion of zinc in children with kidney diseases].

The authors investigated the renal zinc excretion in 33 children with chronic glomerulonephritis, in 30 children with tubulo-interstitial nephritis, 12 children with nephrotic syndrome and 31 children with isolated haematuria. In all groups the Zn clearance was slightly raised, as compared with the control group. The Zn clearance was highly significantly elevated in nephrotic syndrome. The authors correlated the urinary finding (proteinuria, haematuria, leucocyturia) with Zn clearance. Children with a positive urinary finding had a higher Zn clearance than those with a negative finding. There was a close correlation between selective proteinuria and Zn clearance in children with nephrotic syndrome.

Child↗
PubMed1989

[Lympho-renal fistula in lymphatic imaging].

On the case of 10 years old boy with chyluria the authors emphasize the importance of lymphographic examination for proving the pyelolymphatic connection. The lymphographic examination was applied after the complete examination including computer tomography and ultrasound, since these examinations did not prove changes of the urinary and lymphatic systems which could explain the milky clouding of the urine lasting for several months. Changes in the biochemical profile were significant as well as non-constant ejaculation of milky cloudy urine from the opening of the right ureter. The lymphographic examination proved the link between the lymphatic urinary systems with changes on the lymphatic vessels and nodes.

Child↗
PubMed1988

[Chyluria].

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Child↗