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Biomedical subjects

L Polák

Publications and source records attributed to L Polák.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1982

Rabies epizootiology and control methods in Czechoslovakia.

In Czechoslovakia from 1976-1980. 26,306 animals from 44 different species were examined for rabies. A total of 3270 rabies cases were diagnosed during this period. Foxes account for 90% of all cases. Rabies in domestic animals is reported only sporadically. Rabies was permanently established in the mountainous border regions up to the year 1975. Since 1976 the wave of rabies has gradually spread to the interior of the country. The border mountains did not restrict the movement of foxes, which are responsible for carrying the disease, towards the interior. The river Vltava has stemmed the spreading of rabies for more than two years but it cannot be considered an absolute natural barrier. A bounty of 150 Crowns is paid for every fox handed over to the Veterinary Service. In districts with rabies incidence the gassing of fox dens is carried out. The principal measures relating to domestic animals are the compulsory, and charge free, vaccination of dogs in the whole country.

Animal Population Groups↗
PubMed1981

[Induction and synchronization of pregnancy in cows].

Inductions and synchronizations of parturitions by the analogue PG F2alpha, Cloprostenol, were tested in cows under production conditions. The average time from induction to delivery is 40.5 hours (33-49 hours). No significant relation exists between the length of gravidity and the time of delivery induction (correlation coefficient = -0.325). A scheme was proposed from the system of calving days in cows to organize synchronized parturitions. In production conditions the induction and synchronization of cow parturitions cannot be recommended because amnions are retained frequently (69.7%). No relationship was demonstrated between gravidity length at the time of delivery induction and the order of parturition in the cow (first-calver-cow).

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Ontogenic drug studies in calves. II. Changes in salicylate levels and metabolism in calves with diarrhoea.

Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) was administered by oral route to calves and mice. A comparison of plasma levels of salicylates and salicyluric acid was performed in healthy and diarrhoic calves. The calves were infected with E. coli enterotoxin producing strains. During the 6 h observation period increased levels of salicylates were found in all age groups of calves (1-60 days). There were no significant differences in salicyluric acid plasma levels between controls and diarrhoic animals. Intravenous injection of cholera toxin in mice caused lower levels of total salicylates, but increased levels of salicylic acid and salicyluric acid. The importance of adequate animal model is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Resistance of gram-negative bacteria to antibiotics in large calf agglomerations.

The antibiotic resistance of E. coli, Citrobacter, Enterobacter-Klebsiella and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from calves was tested. A high proportion of multiresistance was found even in E. coli strains isolated from newborn calves. Gram-negative bacteria isolated from animals in three large calfhouses were almost 100% resistant to ampicillin, tetracyclines and sulphonamides. Multiresistance was general and varied from 5 to 12 antibiotics among different strains. Initial high sensitivity to antibiotics which had never been used before was observed. Antibiotic resistance rapidly increased after use started. The usefulness of antibiotics in E. coli induced diarrhea is questioned and oral rehydration is appraised.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Ontogenic drug studies in calves. I. Age dependent salicylate levels and metabolism.

Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) was administered to 52 Friesian calves 1--60 days old by oral route in the field, 63.5 mg/kg body weight constantly between 9 and 10 a.m., i.e., 3--4 h after morning feeding. The animals were divided according to age into groups. Total salicylate levels, salicylic acid and salicyluric acid plasma levels were determined up to 6 h after administration. The older the animals, the lower were the total salicylate and salicylic acid levels and the higher the salicyluric acid levels. The age dependence is highly significant during the first two weeks of life. Glucuronides could not be detected in quantitatively measurable amounts.

Aging↗
PubMed1978

[Induction of labor and its synchronization in hogs].

The authors describe the synchronization of farrowing by the induction of parturition with a prostaglandin F2alpha analogue (Cloprostenol). The time sequence of the beginning of parturitions was recorded in 147 sows after administration of 175 microgram Cloprostenol. 93.7% of the parturitions take place between the 14th and 39th hour after administration, the peak time being between the 24th and 27th hour (31.2%). The schedule of the farrowing days is described as a prerequisite for a qualitative change in the organization of work in large pig herds.

Animals↗