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Biomedical subjects

L Pollak

Publications and source records attributed to L Pollak.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Effect of very high single dose of cisplatinum and of radiation on the brain of the rabbit.

The importance of chemotherapy and radiotherapy for treating brain tumors, is well established. In a previous study, a rabbit's brain was treated with doses of up to 12 mg kg-1 of cisplatinum and 4000 cGy, without any morphological or pathological changes. The purpose of this study is to establish the effect of very high single doses of cisplatinum and radiation on the rabbit's brain, applied in 12, 16 and 18 mg kg-1, and 5000, 7500 and 8000 cGy, respectively. The general clinical and neurological condition of the rabbits was unaffected, but areas of alopecia and scalp ulcers appeared. Although these are very high doses of chemotherapy and radiotherapy, the histopathological and morphological examination of the rabbit's brain remained normal.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Quantified EEG in patients with vertigo of central or peripheral origin.

Computerized EEG frequency analysis was performed in 18 patients with peripheral vestibular dysfunction (PVD), 17 patients with central vestibular dysfunction (CVD) and 22 aged matched controls. Increase in the relative theta activity in the centrotemporal region was found in patients with PVD. The decrease of centroparietal beta activity in both groups of patients, as compared to controls, did not reach statistical significance. We conclude that quantified EEG may be a sensitive method to show changes of cortical electrical activity in patients with vertigo, reflecting the imbalance in afferent vestibular input to the cortex.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Symptomatic patients after craniectomy.

Various surgical procedures in neurosurgery end with cranial vault defects. It is generally believed that the reason for repair of the skull defect is cosmetic or protective. There is evidence, however, that in selected cases neurologic deterioration can be reversed by cranioplasty. In the sinking scalp flap syndrome the deterioration has been thought to be related to the concavity of the skin flap and underlying brain tissue secondary to atmospheric pressure and also to the in-and-out displacement of the brain through the skull defect. Five cases of symptomatic patients after craniectomy are reported, of which all had a neurologic deterioration that was improved by cranioplasty.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Effect of high simple dose of cisplatinum and of radiation on the brain of rabbit.

In former studies of intracarotid and intravenous administration of cisplatinum, separate and combined with brain irradiation, we found no cerebral damage. In this study, gradually increasing high doses (above the therapeutic ones) of cisplatinum were administered intravenously to one series of rabbits and increasing high amounts of irradiation (above the therapeutic amounts) were given to another series. Although the rabbits that received highest doses of irradiation developed areas of alopecia and skin ulcers on the head, the general clinical and histopathologic examination of the rabbits' brains in both series was normal. The purpose of this study was to establish the effects of high doses of intravenous cisplatinum and irradiation on the rabbits brains.

Alopecia↗
PubMed1996

Brain effect of intracarotid administration of cisplatinum.

The antitumoral effect of Cisplatinum is well known, including its effect on brain tumors. With the purpose of establishing the effect of intraarterial cis-dichlorodiammine platinum (CDDP) on the brain, Cisplatinum was injected in rabbits that were sacrificed at different intervals. The general clinical and neurological condition of the rabbits was unaffected, and histopathological examination of the rabbit's brain was normal.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Effect of the combination of cisplatinum and radiation in the rabbit's brain.

The effect of cisplatinum as a potential radiosensitizer in brain tumors is controversial. We examined the effect of the combination of cisplatinum with radiation compared to radiation alone in rabbits' brain. All rabbits were irradiated and cisplatinum was injected intravenously into part of them. Therapeutic doses of cisplatinum and irradiation were given. The rabbits were euthanised at different intervals according to protocol. The general clinical and neurological condition of the rabbits was unaffected, and histopathological examination of the rabbit's brain was normal. The purpose of this study was to establish the effect of cisplatinum followed by cranial irradiation in therapeutic doses to the normal rabbit's brain.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Progressive deterioration of brainstem auditory evoked potentials in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: clinical and electroencephalographic correlation.

Brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEP) were recorded and correlated with the clinical and electroencephalographic (EEG) findings in three verified cases of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD). In contrast to previous reports, there was progressive deterioration of the BAEPs, through initial asymmetry of wave latencies to abnormal wave morphology, and increased interpeak latencies. Consequently, in two of the patients, disorganization of the wave pattern and generalized conduction-time slowing appeared by the time there was a fully developed clinical picture of CJD with periodic EEG waves. In the third, clinically mild CJD, asymmetry of wave latencies in the BAEP emerged, correlating with the appearance of periodicity on EEG. Our findings are consistent with the late, progressive involvement of the brainstem by the pathological process in CJD.

Brain Death↗
PubMed1996

Posterior fossa lesions associated with neuropsychiatric symptomatology.

We reviewed 7 cases with posterior fossa structural abnormalities (3 tumors, 2 megacisterna magna and 2 Dandy-Walker syndrome) presenting with neuropsychiatric symptomatology. Derangement in the balance of dopamine, serotonin and noradrenergic networks has been implicated in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia, affective and even personality disorders. Disruption of the cerebellar output to mesial dopaminergic areas, locus coeruleus and raphe nuclei, or deafferentation of the thalamolimbic circuits by a cerebellar lesion may lead to behavioral changes. Seven patients (pts) (comprising 4 men and 3 women with mean age 22 years) were diagnosed as suffering from psychosis (2 pts), major depression (1 pt), personality disorders (2 pts) and somatoform disorders (2 pts) (DSM-IV criteria). Brain CT scan (7 pts) and MRI (4 pts) revealed tumors of the posterior fossa (2 pts), megacisterna magna (2 pts) and Dandy-Walker variant (2 pts). In one patient a IVth ventricle tumor was removed in childhood.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Acute subdural hematoma following disseminated intravascular coagulation associated with an obstetric catastrophe.

The clinical, laboratory, radiological and operative recordings of a patient with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) related to therapeutic abortion is reported. During a comatose state following respiratory arrest, anisocoria with right dilated unreactive pupil and decerebration signs appeared. A brain CT scan showed a right frontotemporal hemorrhage. On surgical intervention a subdural hematoma was found and removed. The patient remained in a persistent vegetative state. The rarity of subdural hematoma complicating DIC is presented and the causes of intracranial bleeding in obstetrics are reviewed.

Abortion, Therapeutic↗
PubMed1979

Avascular necrosis in systemic lupus erythematosus. Silent symmetric osteonecroses.

The symptomatic joint disease secondary to avascular necrosis of bone (ANB) in 31 of 375 (8 per cent) patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was characterized by polyarticular (90 per cent) and symmetric (83 per cent) involvement. Progressive deterioration requiring orthopedic intervention occurred in 11 (35 per cent) patients. No distinguishing clinical or treatment differences were found comparing patients with symptomatic ANB and selected cortico-steroid-treated, asymptomatic, control subjects with SLE. Complete roentgenographic surveys revealed symmetric, polyarticular abnormalities of subchondral and cortical bone consistent with ANB in eight of 31 (26 per cent) of the control subjects. A positive correlation was found between roentgenographic ANB and disease treatment with high doses of corticosteroids. The study suggests that ANB may be present in excess of 30 per cent of the patients with SLE and is most often subclinical, asymptomatic and nonprogressive.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Shielding the hand during cross-compression angiography.

A simple method of shielding the hand during cross-compression angiography is described. A standard lead glove with the fingertips cut out of the palmar aspect is used, allowing sensation and mobility while still protecting the hand.

Cerebral Angiography↗