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L Prin

Publications and source records attributed to L Prin.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Presence of antibodies against endothelial cells in the sera of patients with episodic angioedema and hypereosinophilia.

We reported three additional cases of a newly described syndrome called episodic angioedema with hypereosinophilia. In order to investigate its pathophysiological mechanisms, four parameters were concurrently investigated, including blood eosinophil density, serum chemoattractant activity, serum major basic protein (MBP) levels and the presence of anti-endothelial cell antibodies. Distribution of eosinophils through a metrizamide density gradient showed a preferential sedimentation of blood eosinophils in intermediate layers, clearly different from the hypodense cells (low-density layers) identified in a group of seven patients with idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES). In two of the three patients with cyclic angioedema, a chemotactic activity towards eosinophils was detected in the serum (30 +/- 6 and 42 +/- 12 eosinophils per high-power field; P less than 0.05 compared with a control group). Serum MBP levels were at 1524, 619 and 1200 pg/ml. All three patients had circulating anti-endothelial cell antibodies, predominantly of the IgG isotype, in contrast to controls (P less than 0.01) or to patients with HES (P less than 0.01). Specificity of the antibody for endothelial cells was demonstrated in the three patients studied by the absence of binding to various blood cells, including monocytes, lymphocytes, eosinophils and platelets. In one case (patient 2), the levels of anti-endothelial cell antibodies, as well as the serum chemoattractant activity to eosinophils varied according to the successive acute phases of the disease. Although further investigations are needed to clarify the exact pathophysiology of this syndrome, and especially the possible participation of the anti-endothelial cell antibodies in the cutaneous lesions, these data suggest that angioedema observed in this syndrome could result from the combined effects of activated eosinophils and of immunologically induced endothelial lesions.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Variations in protein expression related to human eosinophil heterogeneity.

In hypereosinophilic patients, eosinophil heterogeneity has been assessed mainly according to morphologic and biologic criteria. In order to investigate the molecular basis of such heterogeneity, biochemical analysis was performed on various eosinophil subpopulations fractionated on metrizamide gradients. Whole cell extracts from purified eosinophils disrupted with a nonionic (NP-40) detergent were successively analyzed by SDS-PAGE and two-dimensional electrophoresis (isoelectric focusing or nonequilibrium pH gradient electrophoresis in the first dimension). Hypodense eosinophils that sediment in the lightest density gradients (18 to 22% metrizamide solution) differed from other purified eosinophils (intermediate and normodense eosinophils respectively collected in 22 to 23% and 23 to 25% metrizamide solutions). Comparative analysis of protein patterns on both monodimensional and bidimensional electrophoresis showed that a basic protein of Mr 51 kDa, present on normodense or intermediate eosinophils, was poorly detected in the case of hypodense eosinophils. In contrast, two other proteins with apparent Mr of about 23 kDa and 41 kDa were exclusively or predominantly identified in these latter cell fractions. Immunochemical analysis with polyclonal antibodies against eosinophil basic proteins and enzymatic assays revealed that the 51-kDa polypeptide could be related to an eosinophil peroxidase-like molecule. In addition, the two proteins detected only in hypodense eosinophils might be related to proteins newly synthesized by in vivo activated eosinophils. Our results suggest that variations in protein expression might represent a good marker of in vivo activation.

Blood Proteins↗
PubMed1989

Ofuji papuloerythroderma. Report of a case with T cell skin lymphoma and discussion of the nature of this disease.

This report concerns a white woman with characteristic manifestations of Ofuji papuloerythroderma. This erythroderma results from a coalescence of papular sheets that completely spare skin folds. This rare disease is associated with high blood eosinophilia. In this case superficial lymph nodes appeared a few months later and peripheral T cell nonepidermotropic skin lymphoma occurred, which raises questions as to the nosologic implications of papuloerythroderma.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Heterogeneity of human eosinophil glucocorticoid receptor expression in hypereosinophilic patients: absence of detectable receptor correlates with resistance to corticotherapy.

Assessment of steroid receptor content in human neoplastic lymphoid cells or mammary tumour cells has been previously used to predict steroid sensitivity in various types of cancers. In the present study, we have evaluated the relationship between glucocorticoid receptor content and the glucocorticoid sensitivity of human eosinophils, since hypereosinophilic patients do not always respond favourably to glucocorticoid, particularly in the hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES). Blood or alveolar eosinophils obtained from seven patients (four with HES without leukaemic markers; two with parasitic diseases; and one with eosinophilic pneumonia) displayed the same specific glucocorticoid receptor content as normal eosinophils (7.58 +/- 1.31 x 10(3) versus 7.76 +/- 0.74 x 10(3) sites/cell). In contrast, glucocorticoid-binding sites were undetectable in purified eosinophils collected from seven HES patients with (n = 3) or without (n = 4) leukaemic markers, whilst their mononuclear cells and/or neutrophils bound glucocorticoid. In one HES patient, kinetic studies showed that blood eosinophils initially positive in glucocorticoid binding assays became negative with the subsequent appearance of leukaemic markers. The absence of specific glucocorticoid binding sites was correlated with the absence of glucocorticoid receptor proteins by the use of a specific anti-glucocorticoid receptor monoclonal antibody. Eosinophil sensitivity to glucocorticoid was investigated by the evaluation of glucocorticoid inhibition of eosinophil chemotaxis and by the clinical outcome of in vivo glucocorticoid therapy. Our data provide evidence of the heterogeneity of eosinophil glucocorticoid receptor expression. In addition, the presence of glucocorticoid receptors is a prerequisite for glucocorticoid activity, in vitro and in vivo, on cells of the eosinophil lineage.

Drug Resistance↗
PubMed1989

T lymphocyte activation in systemic lupus erythematosus analysed by proliferative response to nucleoplasmic proteins on nitrocellulose immunoblots.

Polyclonal B cell activity in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) may be under T cell control. The use of nitrocellulose immunoblots for the analysis of recognition by peripheral blood lymphocytes of nucleoplasmic proteins in SLE patients led to the characterization of significant proliferative responses to 68K (U1 RNP); SS-B; B-B' and D (Sm) antigen in 15 of 20 patients. Variations of proliferative response were parallel to disease activity over a follow-up period of greater than or equal to 6 months, conferring some prognostic value to the assay of lymphocyte response to nucleoplasmic antigens. The pattern of reactivity differs from the corresponding serum antibody profile, and purified T cell suspensions (greater than 95% pure) were shown to proliferate in response to soluble nucleoplasmic antigens, indicating that T and B cell repertoires against nucleoplasmic proteins may differ. This suggests that activated helper T cells contribute to the fine modulation of B cell reactivity to subcellular particles to determine the particular antibody profile of the patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Production of an interleukin-1 inhibitory factor by human alveolar macrophages from normals and allergic asthmatic patients.

In order to study the possible role of alveolar macrophages (AMs) in the development of local immune responses, we compared interleukin-1 (IL-1) production by peripheral blood monocytes and AMs from 17 allergic asthmatics and 32 controls. When stimulated by lipopolysaccharide, alveolar macrophages and blood monocytes from controls released IL-1 (127 +/- 74.6 and 178.8 +/- 120 IL-1 units/ml, respectively) in the same amounts as AMs and blood monocytes from allergic asthmatics (148 +/- 47.5 and 160.5 +/- 78.3 IL-1 units/ml, respectively). After stimulation by anti-IgE or the specific allergen, asthmatic blood monocytes released IL-1-like activity (71.8 +/- 46.4 and 45.4 +/- 25.9 IL-1 units/ml, respectively). In contrast, asthmatic AM supernatants contained no detectable IL-1-like activity after stimulation by allergen or anti-IgE. The same pattern was observed with monocytes and AMs from controls after passive cell sensitization with 20% of IgE-rich serum. In a second step, the effect of supernatants of IgE-dependent stimulated AMs was tested on thymocyte proliferation induced by a purified IL-1, permitting the demonstration of an IL-1 inhibitory factor released by the AMs while these supernatants didn't modify the IL-2-dependent proliferation of a CTL-L line. The use of indomethacin and assessment of PGE2 levels in AM supernatants made it possible to discard the role of prostaglandins in this inhibitory effect. Moreover this activity, which is resistant to heat and trypsin treatment, has a molecular mass between 40 and 50 kD and did not correspond to serum proteases, alpha-1-antiproteinase, and arginase.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Functional role of the alpha-chain of complement receptor type 3 in human eosinophil-dependent antibody-mediated cytotoxicity against schistosomes.

The participation of complement receptor type 3 (CR3) in antibody-dependent effector function of human eosinophils against parasites was studied by using monoclonal antibodies directed against various surface molecules. Both adherence and cytotoxicity of hypodense eosinophils to IgE-coated schistosomula of Schistosoma mansoni were strongly inhibited by anti-CR3 antibodies (OKM1 or Mo1). The specificity of the inhibitory effect for the alpha-chain of CR3 was shown by the lack of inhibition of anti-beta-chain or anti-LFA1 alpha-chain monoclonal antibodies, although these antigens were expressed on human eosinophils. These results associated to previous works on IgE receptors demonstrate that both receptor for Fc fragments of IgE and CR3 are essential in IgE-dependent cytotoxicity of human eosinophils. Flow microfluorometry analysis revealed that hypodense eosinophils were more intensively stained by OKM1 antibodies than the normodense populations. In the case of IgG-mediated cytotoxicity by normodense eosinophils, only the enhancement of cytotoxicity due to monokine activation was inhibited by anti-CR3 alpha-chain antibodies. These findings suggest an increased expression of CR3 on eosinophils after activation either in vivo or in vitro. The participation of CR3 in IgE-mediated cytotoxicity against schistosomes was also required in the case of blood monocytes but not for platelet-mediated killing, which does not require prior adherence. The biologic role of CR3 is therefore extended to effector mechanisms involving eosinophils and two different isotypes of antibodies and possibly implied in immunity against schistosomes.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1987

[Visceral lesions in hypereosinophilia].

The hypereosinophilic syndrome is an ill-defined nosological entity with predominant risks of cardiac and/or neurological lesions. In the light of new data on the effector cytotoxic effects of eosinophils, we have tried to establish new criteria of severity by purifying the circulating eosinophils of 14 patients with hypereosinophilic syndrome and testing their toxicity. This study has revealed the existence of low density ("hypodense") eosinophils with potential cytotoxicity in vitro. The worst clinical forms of the syndrome were observed in the group of patients with positive eosinophil toxicity tests. The significance of these cellular changes (hypodensity, eosinotoxicity) and their relationship with the clinical manifestations are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Lymphocyte subpopulations in bronchoalveolar lavage in Sjögren's syndrome. Evidence for an expansion of cytotoxic/suppressor subset in patients with alveolar neutrophilia.

We initiated this study to determine the cellular composition and T-lymphocyte subpopulations of fluid from bronchoalveolar lavage from 15 patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (1SS), six patients with secondary Sjögren's syndrome associated with primary biliary cirrhosis (2SS-PBC), eight patients with secondary Sjögren's syndrome associated with collagen-vascular diseases (2SS-CVD), and 12 normal subjects. All were nonsmokers who were free of clinical pulmonary symptoms and had normal findings on chest roentgenograms. Lymphocyte subsets were identified by mouse monoclonal antibodies that were specific for T-cells, helper/inducer, and suppressor/cytotoxic (namely, OKT3, OKT4, and OKT8). Patients with 1SS, patients with 2SS-PBC, and patients with 2SS-CVD had a significantly increased percentage of lymphocytes in fluid from bronchoalveolar lavage (respectively, 21.6 +/- 3.7 percent, 24.3 +/- 6.1 percent, and 25.6 +/- 3.9 percent) compared with the normal value of control subjects (9.9 +/- 1.5 percent). In addition, two of the 15 patients with 1SS and five of the eight patients with 2SS-CVD demonstrated an increased percentage of alveolar neutrophils. The predominant T-cell subset in patients with 1SS was T4+, and the mean T4:T8 ratio was normal. The percentage of T4+ cells was increased in patients with 2 SS-PBC, resulting in an increased T4:T8 ratio. In contrast, patients with 2 SS-CVD demonstrated a markedly increased percentage of T8+ cells, reflected by a shift in the T4:T8 ratio which was inverted. Patients with Sjögren's syndrome and with neutrophilia on bronchoalveolar lavage had a marked expansion of the T8+ lymphocyte subpopulation, where as patients with Sjögren's syndrome and with pure lymphocytosis on bronchoalveolar lavage showed predominantly T4+ cells. In addition, we found a strong positive correlation between the number of neutrophils and the number of T8+ cells in bronchoalveolar lavage from patients with Sjögren's syndrome (r = 0.74; p less than 0.05). Until the functional activities of OKT4+ and OKT8+ cells are better defined, the role that these cells play in the pathogenesis of pulmonary disease in Sjögren's syndrome remains unclear.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Role of specific IgE antibodies in peroxidase (EPO) release from human eosinophils.

After the demonstration of cytophilic IgE immunoglobulins (Ig) on human blood and lung eosinophils, their role in cell activation was studied by eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) assay. Hypodense human eosinophils from filariasis-infected patients were activated by anti-human Ig or various antigens. A selective release of EPO occurred after incubation with anti-human IgE, but not with anti-human IgG. The activation by antigens showed a strict antibody specificity of cytophilic IgE antibodies. The direct involvement of IgE antibodies in activation by the specific antigen was evidenced by inhibition experiments with aggregated human IgE myeloma protein. Circulating IgE antibodies exhibiting the same specificity and able to induce EPO release were detected in the sera from filariasis patients by a passive sensitization assay. Only the hypodense eosinophils were able to release EPO after IgE-dependent activation both in the direct assay and in the passive sensitization test, confirming the functional heterogeneity of human eosinophils. These results suggest that the interaction between IgE antibodies and human eosinophils can play a role both in protective immunity and pathology by releasing active pharmacologic mediators.

Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic↗
PubMed1986

Functional study of a monoclonal antibody to IgE Fc receptor (Fc epsilon R2) of eosinophils, platelets, and macrophages.

An IgM mAb (BB10) was produced by immunization of mice with human eosinophils purified according to their abnormal low density ("hypodense" cells), and previously shown to exhibit increased IgE-dependent antiparasite cytotoxicity. This BB10 antibody, selected for positive fluorescence staining of hypodense blood or lung eosinophils and low or negative staining of normodense eosinophils or neutrophils, could strongly inhibit IgE-dependent cytotoxicity of human eosinophils and platelets. The specificity for the IgE Fc receptor was suggested by the high levels of inhibition of IgE rosettes formed by eosinophils after incubation with the purified IgM fraction of BB10, whereas other receptors (Fc gamma R, CR1) were not affected. On the other hand, BB10, able to inhibit rat eosinophil Fc epsilon R, did not react with the IgE Fc receptor on mast cells or basophils. A technique using radioiodinated BB10 allowed us to quantify the specific binding of BB10 to human eosinophils and platelets. Competition experiments revealed a crossinhibition between the binding of BB10 and IgE, suggesting the specificity of BB10 for the IgE binding site of eosinophil, platelet, and monocyte Fc epsilon R. Three proteins having extrapolated Mr of 32,000, 43,000-45,000, and 97,000 were found in the platelet extract eluted from a BB10 or from an IgE immunosorbent column. These findings confirm the similarities between IgE Fc receptors on human eosinophils, platelets, and macrophages, already observed with polyclonal antibodies directed against the B lymphocyte Fc epsilon receptor. They suggest, moreover, that the mAb BB10 can represent a good reagent for further investigations on the structure and the functions of this IgE Fc receptor (Fc epsilon R2).

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Human eosinophils express CR1 and CR3 complement receptors for cleavage fragments of C3.

The functional and antigenic characteristics of C3 receptors expressed on human eosinophils were investigated using rosette assays with sheep erythrocytes coated with C3 fragments and flow cytometric analysis of cells stained with anti-receptor antibodies. Purified peripheral blood eosinophils from 13 patients with hypereosinophilia expressed CR1 antigens. In 8 patients, a mean of 14 + 9.5% eosinophils formed C3b-dependent rosettes that were inhibited by F(ab')2 anti-CR1 antibodies. This number increased to 33% following stimulation with leukotriene B4 (LTB4) (10(-7) M). Similar numbers of C3b rosettes were formed by hypodense and normodense eosinophils. Eosinophils from 2 patients from this group expressed 20,000 125I-labeled monoclonal anti-CR1 antibody binding sites/cell. In another group of patients, 55 +/- 9% eosinophils spontaneously formed C3b-dependent rosettes that could not be enhanced by LTB4. In all patients, a mean of 16 +/- 9% eosinophils formed cation-dependent rosettes with C3bi-bearing intermediates that were inhibited by anti-CR3 antibody OKM1. All eosinophils stained with monoclonal antibodies against the alpha chain of CR3. There was no C3d-dependent rosette formation with eosinophils and no eosinophils stained with monoclonal anti-CR2 antibody. Thus, human eosinophils express CR1 and CR3. Since CR3 is required for the adhesion of granulocytes to surfaces and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity of neutrophils, the interaction of C3 fragments with CR3 and CR1 on eosinophils may be of importance in eosinophil-mediated damage of opsonized targets.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1986

Activated alveolar macrophage and lymphocyte alveolitis in extrathoracic sarcoidosis without radiological mediastinopulmonary involvement.

Cellular characteristics of BAL were investigated in 18 patients with proved extrathoracic sarcoidosis (that is, sarcoidosis that affected the skin, eyes, parotid glands, stomach, nose, kidneys, or meninges) without clinical or radiological mediastinopulmonary involvement. Computed tomography of the thorax was performed on five patients: four patients were normal, and one had enlarged lymph nodes (these enlargements were not detectable on the patient's chest roentgenogram). The results of pulmonary function tests were normal in all patients. The total BAL cell count did not differ significantly between controls and patients. Abnormal percentages of alveolar lymphocytes (from 18 to 87%) were noted in 15 out of 18 patients. SACE levels were normal in 15 patients. No pulmonary gallium uptake was detected. The chemiluminescence of AM's, whether spontaneous or PMA induced, was increased in five out of seven patients. The percentages of T3+ lymphocytes in sarcoidosis patients did not significantly differ from those in controls. The T4+:T8+ ratio was normal in four patients and slightly increased in one. Follow-up of patients showed that alveolar lymphocytosis is as lasting as extrathoracic involvement. Our data demonstrate increased percentages of lymphocytes and activated AM's in the BAL of patients with extrathoracic sarcoidosis. This may be due to the initial involvement of the respiratory tract in extrathoracic sarcoidosis or to the diffusion of activated macrophages and lymphocytes from an extrathoracic site into the lung.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Primary biliary cirrhosis. Subclinical inflammatory alveolitis in patients with normal chest roentgenograms.

To determine whether a subclinical inflammatory alveolitis is associated with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), we compared the numbers and types of cells recovered by bronchoalveolar lavage from 12 patients with PBC, ten healthy control subjects, and nine patients with alcoholic cirrhosis (AC). All were free of clinical pulmonary symptoms and had normal findings on chest roentgenograms. Total BAL cell count did not differ among patients with PBC (mean 9.6 X 10(4) cells/ml), patients with AC (mean 14.8 X 10(4) cells/ml), and control subjects (mean 9.9 X 10(4) cells/ml). Patients with PBC but not patients with AC had an increased proportion of lymphocytes in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (respectively 22.4 percent +/- 5.2 and 11.6 percent +/- 2.52 compared with the normal value of 9.9 percent +/- 1.5 p less than 0.05). In the same way, alveolar lymphocytosis of the lower respiratory tract from PBC patients predominantly comprised T4+ (helper/inducer) T-lymphocyte subset in patients showing an increased alveolar lymphocytosis. Alveolar macrophages from PBC patients showed a dramatic increased chemiluminescence response before and after stimulation by phorbol-myristate-acetate, regardless of the intensity of alveolar lymphocytosis. Thus, our data demonstrated that subclinical alveolar inflammation comprising T-lymphocytes and activated alveolar macrophages mimicking sarcoid alveolitis is present in a high proportion of patients with PBC.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Are there milder forms of the syndrome called hyper-IgE? Diagnostic problems. Apropos of 2 cases].

We present the observations of two boys eight and four years old whose the only clinical sign is a chronic otorrhea. We found many of usual features of the hyper IgE syndrome: raised total IgE (4000 to 8000 Ul/ml) and hypereosinophilia (1100 to 3800/mm3). We found a lowered proportion of CD8+ cells (suppressive or cytotoxic): 16 and 18% (normal values: 26 +/- 5%). The chemotaxis of polymorphonuclears is also lowered: 9.2 to 6.0 cells by microscopic field with FMLP presence (normal values 40 to 50). These two observations are compared with other literature cases where clinical picture is moderate, but biological signs very suggestive.

Child↗