Biomedical subjects

L Qiu

Publications and source records attributed to L Qiu.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed2000

Cloning and sequencing of partial genes of hepatitis C virus genome in patients with acute hepatitis C.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the etiological role of HCV in patients with acute hepatitis. METHODS: The prevalence of HCV infection in 89 patients with acute hepatitis was investigated by analysis of HCV RNA and HCV second generation antibody. HCV RNAs extracted from the sera of 5 patients with NANB acute hepatitis, which were positive for HCV RNA, were converted to cDNA by reverse transcription with random primer and genotyping by PCR with type-specific primers. The partial genes of HCV genome were amplified. The PCR products were expressed in E. coli with p-GEM-T vector, and their nucleotide sequences were determined by dideoxynucleotide chain-termination method. RESULTS: The incidence of hepatitis virus infection was 47. 2% in HAV, 28.1% in HBV and 15.7% in HCV, respectively. The incidence of HAV and HBV coinfection was 14.6% and the rate of non-A, non-B and non-C hepatitis was 9% in all patients. The genotype of HCV-RNA positive patients was 85.8% in HCV-II, 7.1% in HCV-III and 7. 1% in combining HCV-II/III, respectively. The partial sequence of HCV genome in 5 patients with non-A and non-B acute hepatitis was amplified and the fragment was 424 bp in accordance with original design. The homology of the sequences was 98.1%-99.5% in nucleotide acid and 97.6%-99.2% in amino acid among five isolates. The average homology was 91.9% or 94.3%-95.6% for nucleotide sequences between HCV-I or HCV-II and the 5 isolates, and 92.3%-95.8% for amino acid sequences between the 5 isolates and HCV-I or HCV-II, respectively. CONCLUSION: HCV infection is one of the main hepatitis viruses in patients with acute hepatitis, in which the HCV-II genotype is dominant and should be paid attention to it.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed2000

[Application of microsatellite alteration of urine sediment in the early diagnosis of bladder cancer].

OBJECTIVE: To assess the usefulness of microsatellite DNA sequence (MS) alterations in urine sediment for early diagnosis of human bladder cancer. METHODS: Loss of heterozygosity(LOH) and microsatellite instability(MIN) in urine sediment from 28 cases of bladder cancer were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with selected primers of 10 microsatellite loci. The peripheral blood mononuclear cells and bladder carcinoma cells were used as controls. RESULTS: In 24 of 28 bladder cancer patients (85.7%) LOH and MIN were found in urine sediment on at least one MS locus. Only in 3 of 28 patients(10.7%) was the urine cytology positive while MS and MIN were detected in these 3 patients. The conformance of MS alterations between cancer cells and urine sediment in the same patients was 94.1%. No MS alteration was found in 15 normal controls. CONCLUSION: Application of microsatellite sequence of urine sediment can be considered as a new tool for screening and early diagnoses of bladder cancer.

Humans↗

PubMed2000

[Correcting unfavourable intermaxillary relationship in partial edentulous area and simultaneous implant].

OBJECTIVE: This study was to evaluate the result of correcting the unfavourable intermaxillary relationship with orthognathic surgery in the partial edentulous area and simultaneous implant. METHODS: 9 cases with jaw discrepency underwent orthognathic surgery for correcting the intermaxillary relationship and simultaneous implant surgery. The orthognathic operations were Le Fort I osteotomy with mandibular SSRO in 3 cases; simple mandibular SSRO in one case, subapical osteotomy of mandibular front area in 4 case; posterior maxillary osteotomy in one case, 25 implants were simultaneously placed in the edentulos and partial edentulos area. RESULTS: Result showed all 9 cases got the normal intermaxillary relationship post-operation, and implant prosthesis 8 months later, 3 cases with implant supported partial denture, one case with implant supported overdenture, 5 cases with ceramic crowns. Follow-up means 11 months, no implant lost. CONCLUSIONS: Base on this work, the authors believe combining orthognathic surgery and implant surgery is a feasible and reliable method in correcting unfavourable intermaxillary relationship in the implant related area for indicated patients.

Adult↗

PubMed2000

[Treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia by autologous stem cell transplantation: an analysis of 30 cases].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical outcome of autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and the affected factors. METHODS: Data of 30 ALL patients received ASCT in our hospital between July 1987 and December 1997 were retrospectively analyzed. Twenty-four of them were in the first complete remission (CR(1)) and six in the second complete remission (CR(2)) or early relapse (ER). Conditioning regimens were CTX 120 mg/kg + single total body irradiation 9 - 10 Gy (sTBI) or Bu 16 mg/kg of Mel 140 - 180 mg/m(2) + Ara-c 2 - 4 g/m(2). RESULTS: All patients reconstituted hematopoiesis. The median follow-up duration was 504 (18-3043) days. Transplant-related mortality was 10%. The probabilities of 3 year disease-free survival (DFS) for ALL in CR(1) and CR(2) were 67.7% +/- 10.3% and 16.7% +/- 15.2%, respectively (P = 0.00547); the 3 year DFS was significantly better with posttransplant treatment than without it (92.3% +/- 7.4% vs 50.0% +/- 17.7%, P = 0.0130). CONCLUSION: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients without HLA-matched related donor are recommended for ASCT in CR(1). To reduce relapse and improve the outcome, adoptive immunotherapy or maintenance chemotherapy should be given after ASCT.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2000

[Analysis of surface markers of expanded human umbilical cord blood cells in vitro].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the optimal timing for in vitro expansion and transplantation of umbilical cord blood hematopoietic cells. METHODS: Hematopoietic cells from human umbilical cord blood were cultured with G-CSF, GM-CSF, rIL-3, rIL-6, SCF and Epo in a long term culture system, the cell cycle and cellular markers were analysed dynamically. RESULTS: CD(3)(+), CD(4)(+)/CD(45RO)(+) and CD(8)(+)/CD(45RO)(+) cells increased at day 3, and reached the highest level at day 7, decreased at day 14, and remained lower level at day 21. CD(4)(+) and CD(8)(+) cells showed no change at day 7, decreased at day 14, and decreased further at day 21. CD(4)(+)/CD(45RA)(+) and CD(8)(+)/CD(45RA)(+) cells decreased after day 3, and decreased further at day 14. HLA-DR(+) cells increased from day 3 to day 7. CD(34)(+) cells increased at day , reached the highest level at day 7, and decreased at day 14. CD(34)(+), CD(34)(+) CD(38)(-), CD(34)(+) CD(38)(+) cells increased 8.8, 7.4 and 8.7 fold at day 7, respectively, as compared with that precultured. The cells in the S phase increased at day 21. CONCLUSIONS: This culture system is able to expand hematopoietic cells of human umbilical cord blood and keeps them intact. The number of hematopoietic cells reached the highest level in the culture from day 7 to day 14, which is the optimal time for transplantation.

Antigens, CD↗

PubMed2000

[The impact of hepatitis B virus infected patients or donors on the outcome of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the impact of recipients and/or donors infected with hepatitis B on the outcome of hematopoietic stem cells transplantation (HSCT). METHODS: We analyzed retrospectively the transplantation outcome in 26 of 164 hematological diseases patients who and whose donors were infected with hepatitis prior to transplantation. RESULTS: (1) Three of the 26 patients developed VOD after HSCT, the incidence (11.5%) is significant higher than that in patients and donors who did not infected with HBV (P < 0.05). (2) Two of 5 patients transfused hematopoietic stem cells from HBsAg + donors developed hepatitis B. (3) Four patients with allogeneic stem cell transplantation developed hepatic failure (HF) which occurred during cyclosporin (CsA) being tapered off or withdrawal. The incidence of HF in patients and/or donors infected with HBV (15.4%) is obviously higher than that in patients and donors who did not (0.08%, P < 0.01). (4) In 4 patients with HbeAg +, 2 patients died of HF after allogeneic HSCT, the other 2 patients survived after autologous HSCT. CONCLUSION: Donors and recipients infected with hepatitis B are not contraindication of HSCT, but patients with allogeneic HSCT are in danger to develop LF during CsA being tapered off or withdrawal.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2000

[Experimental study on ex vivo expansion of CD(34)(+) umbilical cord blood cells].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the potential possibility that to expanse ex vivo umbilical cord blood (UCB) cells to an amount sufficient adults transplantation. METHOD: Purified CD(34)(+) UCB cells from 10 fresh UCB samples were cultured for 7 days in IMDM mediums containing 20% FBS and one of the following three combinations: Group A (IL-1beta + IL-3 + IL-6 + G-CSF + Epo + FL), Group B (SCF + IL-1beta + IL-3 + IL-6 + G-CSF + Epo) and Group C (FL + SCF + IL-1beta + IL-3 + IL-6 + G-CSF + Epo). RESULT: (1) There was no significant difference between Groups A and B in expansion of UCB cells. But in group C, the expansion was greater than that in group A (P < 0.01) or group B (P < 0.05). The effects of FL and SCF were synergistic. (2) Over 50 x 10(6) CD(34)(+) cells which are sufficient for adult transplantation were obtained in 30% of UCB samples in group C. (3) The expanded CD(34)(+) UCB cells retained original clonogenic efficiency, the primitive CD(34)(+)CD(38)(-) proportion and the expansion potential were the same as fresh UCB cells. CONCLUSION: The ex vivo expansion of CD(34)(+) UCB cells might provide sufficient hematopoietic stem cells for adult transplantation.

Antigens, CD34↗

PubMed1999

A direct interaction between the adaptor protein Cbl-b and the kinase zap-70 induces a positive signal in T cells.

Engagement of the T-cell receptor (TCR)-CD3 complex induces a rapid increase in the activities of Src-family and Syk/Zap-70-family kinases [1] [2]. These activated kinases then induce the tyrosine phosphorylation of multiple intracellular proteins, eventually leading to T-cell activation. One of the prominent substrates for these kinases is the adaptor protein Cbl [3] and recent studies suggest that Cbl negatively regulates upstream kinases such as Syk and Zap-70 [4] [5]. Cbl-b, a homologue of Cbl, is widely expressed in many tissues and cells including hematopoietic cells [6] [7]. Cbl-b undergoes rapid tyrosine phosphorylation upon stimulation of the TCR and cytokine receptors [8] [9]. The role of Cbl-b is unclear, however. Here, we show that overexpression of Cbl-b in T cells induced the constitutive activation of the transcription factor nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT). A loss-of-function mutation in Cbl-b disrupted the interaction between Cbl-b and Zap-70 and nearly completely abrogated the Cbl-b-mediated activation of NFAT. Unlike the proposed role of Cbl as a negative regulator, our results suggest that the Cbl homologue Cbl-b has a positive role in T-cell signaling, most likely via a direct interaction with the upstream kinase Zap-70.

Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing↗

PubMed1999

Anti-tumour activity in vitro and in vivo of selective differentiating agents containing hydroxamate.

A series of hydroxamates, which are not metalloprotease inhibitors, have been found to be selectively toxic to a range of transformed and human tumour cells without killing normal cells (fibroblasts, melanocytes) at the same concentrations. Within 24 h of treatment, drug action is characterized by morphological reversion of tumour cells to a more normal phenotype (dendritic morphology), and rapid and reversible acetylation of histone H4 in both tumour and normal cells. Two hydroxamates inhibited growth of xenografts of human melanoma cells in nude mice; resistance did not develop in vivo or in vitro. A third hydroxamate, trichostatin A, was active in vitro but became inactivated and had no anti-tumour activity in vivo. Development of dendritic morphology was found to be dependent upon phosphatase activity, RNA and protein synthesis. Proliferating hybrid clones of sensitive and resistant cells remained sensitive to ABHA, indicating a dominant-negative mechanism of sensitivity. Histone H4 hyperacetylation suggests that these agents act at the chromatin level. This work may lead to new drugs that are potent, and selective anti-tumour agents with low toxicity to normal cells.

Animals↗

PubMed1999

Ex vivo expansion of CD34+ umbilical cord blood cells in a defined serum-free medium (QBSF-60) with early effect cytokines.

To investigate the clinically applicable conditions that support substantial expansion of both primitive and more mature hematopoietic cells of umbilical cord blood (UCB) for transplantation in adults, enriched CD34+ cells from 8 fresh UCB samples and 4 expanded UCB products were cultured in defined serum-free medium (QBSF-60) in the presence of a cytokine combination of SCF, Flt-3-ligand (FL), thrombopoietin (TPO), IL-3 for up to 2 weeks. Fresh medium with cytokines was supplemented or exchanged at day 4, day 7, and day 10. The proliferative response was assessed at day 7, day 10, and day 14 by evaluating the following parameters: nucleated cell (NC), clonogenic progenitors (colony-forming unit-granulocyte-macrophage [CFU-GM], burst-forming unit-erythrocyte [BFU-E], CFU-GEMM, and high-proliferative potential colony-forming cell [HPP-CFC]), immunophenotypes (CD34+ cells and CD34+ subpopulations), and LTCIC. Simultaneously numerical expansion of various stem/progenitor cells, including primitive CD34+CD38-HLA-DR- subpopulation and LTCIC, CD34+ cells, and clonogenic progenitors to mature nucleated cells, were continuously observed during the culture. An average 103.32 +/- 71.37 x 10(6) CD34+ cells (range 10.12 x 10(6)-317.9 x 10(6)) could be obtained from initial 1.72 +/- 1.13 x 10(6) UCB CD34+ cells after 10-14 days cultured under the described conditions. Sufficient CD34+ cells (>50.0 x 10(6)) for transplantation in adults would be available in all but one UCB collections after 10-14 days expansion. The expanded CD34+ cells sustained most of the in vitro characteristics of initial unmanipulated CD34+ cells, including clonogenic efficiency (of both primitive and committed progenitors), the proportion of CD34+CD38-HLA-DR- subpopulation, and the expansion potential. Initial addition of IL-3 to the cocktail of SCF + FL + TPO had positive effects on the expansion of both primitive and, especially, the more mature hematopoietic cells. It accelerated the expansion speed and shortened the optimal culture time from 14 days to 10 days. These results indicated that our proposed short-term culture system, consisting of QBSF-60 serum-free medium with a simple early acting cytokine combination of SCF + FL + TPO, could substantially support simultaneous expansion of various stem/progenitor cell populations involved in the different phases of engraftment. It would be a clinically applicable protocol for ex vivo expansion of CD34+ UCB cells.

Antigens, CD34↗

PubMed1999

Toxicity and transport of three synthesized mercury-thiol-complexes in isolated rabbit renal proximal tubule suspensions.

Previous work has suggested that endogenous sulfhydryls, such as glutathione (GSH) and cysteine, are involved in the uptake and toxicity of HgCl2. To study this possibility, uptake and toxicity of synthesized Hg(SG)2, Hg(cysteinylglycine)2 [Hg(CYS-GLY)2] and Hg(CYS)2 were investigated in rabbit renal proximal tubule suspensions (RPT). The intracellular K+ was used as a toxicity indicator, and the mercury content in the tubules was measured by proton induced x-ray emission analysis. The toxicity rank order of the three synthesized mercury-thiol-complexes from the highest to the lowest was: Hg(CYS)2 > Hg(CYS-GLY)2 > Hg(SG)2. However, no significant difference among the mercury contents in the tubules exposed to these synthesized mercury-thiol-complexes was detected. Acivicin (0.25 mM), an inhibitor of gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT), decreased the toxicity of Hg(SG)2 in a manner that did not decrease the uptake of mercury in the tubules. This suggests that the toxicity of Hg(SG)2 requires processing to Hg(CYS-GLY)2 or Hg(CYS)2, while Hg(SG)2 may be taken up by the tubules via Na(+)-dependent GSH transporter since 10 mM acivicin, an inhibitor of this transporter dramatically decreased the uptake of Hg(SG)2. Organic anion transporter plays a minor role, if any, in the toxicity and uptake of Hg(SG)2 and Hg(CYS)2 since p-aminohippuric acid (PAH), an inhibitor of organic anion transporter, did not have significant effect on their uptake and toxicity. L-phenylalanine, an inhibitor of the neutral amino acid decreased the uptake of mercury, but to a lesser extent. This suggested that neutral amino acid transporter seemed to play a role, in part, in the toxicity and uptake of synthesized Hg(CYS)2. In summary, the data suggested that basolateral transport is important for the toxicity of the three synthesized mercury-thiol-complexes, and a variety of mechanisms are involved in the toxicity and uptake of these complexes in isolated rabbit RPT.

Animals↗

PubMed1999

[Study on the relationship between the history of abnormal pregnancy and TORCH infection in pregnant woman].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between the history of abnormal pregnancy and the Toxoplasma(TOX), Other(OTH), Rubella virus(RUV), Cytomegalo virus(CMV), Herpes simplex virus-II (HSV-II) (TORCH) infections in pregnant woman. METHODS: Enzyme-Linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) combined with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique were used to detect TORCH infection in pregnant women with histories of abnormal pregnancies(study group, n = 54) and normal pregnant women (control group, n = 54). The fetal cord blood samples were also detected. RESULTS: In study group, the rates of previous TORCH infection: CMV 46.29%, RUV 16.29%, TOX 16.67%, HSV-II 29.63%. The rates of active infection: CMV 57.40%, RUV 59.26%, TOX 38.89%, HSV-II 46.29%. The rates of recurrent infection: CMV 38.89%, RUV 38.89%, TOX 11.11%, HSV-II 22.22%. These three kinds of infection rates in study group were significantly higher than that of control group (P < 0.01). The abnormal pregnant cntcomes in study group were significantly higher than that of control group(P < 0.01). The incidence of maternal-fetal vertical transmission in study group was 73.08%. CONCLUSION: TORCH series infection is one of the important causes of abnormal pregnant cutcomes. It is absolutely necessary to screen TORCH infection for women who had the histories of abnormal pregnancies in order to prevent birth defects and perinatal complications. ELISA combined with PCR technique is a valuable method for the diagnosis of TORCH infection.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

Killing effect of interleukin-2 and interferon-alpha activated leukemic bone marrow in remission on K562 leukemic cells.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the killing effect of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) activated bone marrow cells on K562 cells. METHODS: Semi-solid colony and 3H-TdR incorporating method were used. RESULTS: Bone marrow from leukemia patients in remission was activated in vitro with IL-2 for 3 days. The activated bone marrow (ABM) displayed killing effects of 0.31-2.30 logs on K562 cells. This killing effect was further increased to 0.30-3.15 logs when IFN-alpha added with IL-2 to the marrow for activation. IL-2 alone or in combination with IFN-alpha showed no inhibition of CFU-GM and K562 cells. Compared with IL-2 or IFN-alpha alone, the combination of the two cytokines could more effectively maintain the killing effect of ABM on leukemic cells. CONCLUSIONS: IFN-alpha can augment the purging effect of IL-2 ABM and combination of the two cytokines can effectively maintain the cytotoxicity of ABM.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1999

[Effects of different levels of calcium intake on bone of pregnant women].

OBJECTIVE: To research some effects of different levels of calcium intake in the mother's bone mineral density. METHODS: On the basis of insignificantly different among energy and other nutrition intake excepting calcium, 35 volunteers in pregnant 18 weeks healthy women were randomly divided into I. II and III group [calcium intake were (550 +/- 150) mg/d, (900 +/- 150) mg/d and (1,500 +/- 150) mg/d]. The tracked study began from pregnant 20 weeks to postpartum 45 days. All over and different body of BMD (Bone Mineral Density) were assessed by dual-energy X-rays absorptiometry. RESULTS: I group of many location BMD were below that of other groups (P < 0. 01). As compared with the same age women's lumbar spine BMD, I group was only maintained within the rang (85.14 +/- 6.61)%, and osteoporosis in some places of bone were found in some individual. II group was (90.74 +/- 6.53)%. III group was (100.44 +/- 5.19)%. Allover different body's BMD were significantly correlated with the average BMD (r > 0.8, P < 0.1), the most significant correlation was third lumbar spine. Calcium intake of women was positively correlated with different body's BMD (r > 0.5, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: III group, calcium intake was (30.68 +/- 3.56) mmol/d, pass through period of pregnancy, parturition and short-term breast-feed mother body remain the same BMD, and prevent osteoporosis. Reporting pregnant women calcium nutrition pass through BMD, lumbar spine is good representation.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗

PubMed1999

[The comparison of component contents and pharmacological actions between two kinds of processed products of Pinellia rhizoma prepared by ginger juice and alum].

OBJECTIVE: To compare the component contents in Pinellia Rhizoma processed with ginger separately on orthogonal technology and pharmaceutical technology stipulated in pharmacopoeia, and study the action of the two differently processed products on animals. METHOD: Using gravimetric method and acid dye colorimetry to determine the total alkaloids, et al. RESULT AND CONCLUSION: The experiment has shown that the contents of total alkaloids of product of Pinellia Rhizoma processed by orthogonal technology are higher than those processed by pharmaceutical technology, but the contents of digged substances of the latter are higher than those of the former, and the toxicity of decoction of the latter is also higher than that of the former. Compared with raw Pinellia Rhizoma, the two products of Pinellia Rhizoma prepared by different technologies all have shown promoting action on PGE2 contents and activity of gastric proteinase in rat gastric juice. The experimental results also have shown that on the above mentioned items. There are no obvious differences between the product of Pinellia Rhizoma processed by orthogonal technology and the product processed by pharmaceutical technology. However, the component contents of raw Pinellia Rhizoma are lower than those of the above mentioned two processed products and help inhibit PGE2 contents and activity of gastric proteinase in rat gastric juice.

Alkaloids↗

PubMed1999

[The relationship between nasopharynx surface-active agents and otitis media effusion].

This experiment was done with a view to exploring the etiologic mechanism and new therapy of otitis media effusion (OME). The amount of lecithin, which is representative of the surfactants in the nasopharynx irrigation wash liquid, was determined by photometry in 40 cases OME and 40 normal controls. The results showed the surfactant of otitis media effusion (8.637 +/- 2.730 mg/L) was significantly lower than that of normal (39.212 +/- 2.437 mg/L) in the nasopharynx irrigation wash liquid (P < 0.01). The surfactant of child group of OME (8.062 +/- 2.925 mg/L) significantly lower than that of normal control(39.787 +/- 2.557 mg/L, P < 0.01). The surfactant of otitis media effusion in the nasopharynx irrigation wash liquid was not associated with the course of OME. These data suggest that the surfactant reduction in the nasopharynx could indirectly reflect the level of the surfactant in the eustachian tube and the middle ear and influence the eustachian tube function. Surfactant reduction may be one of the etiologic mechanisms of OME. Increasing the surfactant in the nasopharynx and eustachian tube could be beneficial to reducing the persistent otitis media effusion.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1999

[SDS-PAGE and EITB analysis of the protein components of different isolates of Schistosoma japonicum in China and Japan].

AIM: To make a supplementary observation on the protein components prepared from adult S. japonicum of 4 different isolates from Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Taiwan Provinces of China and Japan in origin and to observe antigen reactivity of the above-mentioned isolates together with adult worms from Anhwi, Hubei, Sichuan and Yunnan isolates against heterologous anti-Oncomelania h. hupensis (collected from Guangxi, China and Japan) sera by EITB. METHODS: SDS-PAGE and EITB. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: SDS-PAGE showed that by Coomassie blue staining, male S. japonicum from Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Taiwan Provinces and Japan isolales revealed 7-17 bands while female worms revealed 1-6 bands. The protein patterns of Taiwan and Zhejiang male worm were similar, but slight difference could be seen above 81 kDa. By silver staining, male worms of the 4 isolates revealed 10-23 bands while female worms revealed 1-19 bands. Male worms from Japan not only showed less bands but also differed in their pattern as compared to those of other Chinese isolates. Results of EITB revealed that each of the 4 isolates had slightly different pattern but all of the tested isolates had common antigens with their heterologous snail hosts i.e., Oncomelania h. hupensis from Guangxi, China and Japan.

Animals↗

PubMed1999

[Determination of B(a)p contents of pine tar and its extractives].

In this paper, the B(a)P contents of pine tar and its extractives A, B were determined by PC-Scanning method. After combining extraction by caffeine and formic acid with PC-Scanning method, the B(a)P contents were obtained. The results showed the B(a)P contents of pine tar and its extractives A, B were 6171.3 ppb, 2285.2 ppb, 129.6 ppb, among them, the B(a)P content of B was the lowest.

Benzo(a)pyrene↗