Bupivacaine blood levels during continuous interscalene block.
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Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
L R Bednarczyk
Publications and source records attributed to L R Bednarczyk.
Death and injury caused by methyl bromide, an insecticide fumigant.
Methyl bromide (MeBr) is used as an insecticide fumigant. Four deaths and three recent hospitalizations have resulted from exposures to MeBr in Dade County, FL. Six cases occurred during burglaries of tented houses over a nine-month period. In four lethal exposures, the symptoms of nausea, vomiting, and malaise preceded fulminant respiratory failure. Two of these also had seizures, delirium, and agitation. Serum or plasma bromide ion levels ranged from 40 to 583 mg/L. Pulmonary edema, hyaline membranes, and hemorrhagic alveolitis were present at autopsy along with varying degrees of cerebral edema. The nonlethal exposures resulted in symptoms of conjunctival irritation, headache, or nausea. Plasma bromide concentrations varied between 17.5 and 321 mg/L. Methyl bromide characteristics, use, morbidity, and mortality in Florida during the past 25 years are reviewed. Remedies for illegal entry are proposed.
Adolescent↗
Respirator toxicology.
A case of delayed death resulting from drowning was investigated. A disparity in the propoxyphene concentrations determined in antemortem and postmortem specimens appeared to exist. The disparity is apparently a product of the fact that cardiopulmonary function had been maintained artificially for 57 h, with subsequent tissue autolysis that was demonstrated microscopically. Interpretation of laboratory findings on postmortem specimens must be done with caution when the interval between drug exposure and death has been interrupted by respiratory therapy.
Adult↗
Deaths related to propoxyphene overdose: a ten-year assessment.
Of 81 fatal overdoses of propoxyphene identified over a ten-year period, suicide accounted for 76.5% and accidents for 23.5%. The incidence sharply increased in 1973 and the death rate has remained constant since then. In two thirds of the suicidal overdose deaths, additional drugs were encountered. Alcohol was detected in an additional 15%, and propoxyphene preparations alone were used in 19%. In the 19 deaths from accidental overdose, six resulted from recreational abuse, and additional drugs were detected in all. Five who dief of propoxyphene preparations alone had significant medical illnesses. Eight nonrecreational users died after taking other drugs or alcohol along with propoxyphene. Only one individual in the entire series was found to be dependent on propoxyphene. Although propoxyphene cannot be regarded as a harmless drug, the study indicates a very low rate of dependency and a low potential for recreational abuse. As with other drugs, adequate warnings concerning dosage abuse and the concurrent use of alcohol and other drugs must be stressed. The suggestion to reclassify propoxyphene to a Schedule II drug does not appear justified.
Adolescent↗
Two cocaine-induced fatalities.
Two deaths due to cocaine are described. The first is the result of an intravenous injection of the drug. The second death resulted when, in an attempt to smuggle a large amount of the drug into this country, a number of rubber balloons located in the deceased's lower gastrointestinal tract ruptured. Blood and tissue concentrations were determined by using a gas chromatograph equipped with a nitrogen-phosphorous detector; propylbenzoylecgonine was used as the internal standard. Aliquots of the solid material were analyzed and the concentration of cocaine quantitated. The presence and concentrations of adulterants were also determined.
Adult↗
Identification of basic drugs in urine by dual fused silica capillary column GC.
A method for analyzing urine for the presence of basic drugs and their metabolites using two fused silica capillary columns is described along with operating conditions and column characteristics. Urine extracts were injected into a gas chromatograph equipped with nitrogen phosphorous detectors (GC/NPD) and two capillary columns, housed in a single injection port. The injected material was simultaneously chromatographed in each column. Identification of unknowns was done using relative retention times.
Chromatography, Gas↗
Case report: an arsenic murder.
An arsenic death was investigated six and one half years after the demise. Analysis of tissue embedded in paraffin blocks demonstrated toxic concentrations. Spectrophotometry was employed with the use of a hydride generator to provide specificity and sensitivity to less than 0.05 microgram.
Adult↗