Gas formation in the pleural space of a child with an anaerobic streptococcal pneumonia and empyema.
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Child↗
Biomedical subjects
L R Stanberry
Publications and source records attributed to L R Stanberry.
Effect of adrenal manipulation on glucocorticoid receptors in MM1 hamster melanoma.
Cytosol glucocorticoid receptor of hamster Malignant Melanoma No. 1 (MM1) was characterized by dextran-coated charcoal and sucrose gradient assays. MM1 contains a specific, saturable, high-affinity (Kd 2.5 nM; 73.3 fmol/mg cytosol protein) receptor for glucocorticoid. The receptor sedimented at 7 to 8S in low-salt buffer and 5.5S in 0.4 M KCl and was sensitive to proteolysis by trypsin. Glucocorticoid receptor was inactivated by 40% (NH4)2SO4. Addition of 20 mM molybdate to the homogenizing buffer prevented inactivation. Adrenalectomy increased MM1 receptor content without altering affinity. Chronic exposure of intact or adrenalectomized hamsters to gluco- and high-dose mineralocorticoid significantly decreased the amount of unbound glucocorticoid receptors available for binding. Exposure of intact hamsters to high doses of mineralocorticoid also decreased apparent receptor affinity. These results suggest that hamster MM1 contains a high-affinity cytosol receptor for glucocorticoids similar to that of other glucocorticoid-responsive tissues, which may mediate the action of adrenal steroids on tumor behavior.
Adrenalectomy↗
Clinical and pharmacokinetic evaluation of nafcillin in infants and children.
Nafcillin (150 mg/kg/day, divided every six hours) was administered intravenously to 46 patients ranging from 5 to 163 months of age with suspected or proved bacterial infections. Thirteen of 15 patients with bacteriologically proved infection responded to nafcillin. Two patients with cellulitis due to Escherichia coli or to Hemophilus influenzae type b did not improve with nafcillin therapy. A mean serum nafcillin concentration of 48 microgram/ml was observed 30 minutes after a dose of 37.5 mg/kg. The mean serum half-life was 0.76 hours. There was no significant relation between age and serum half-life, volume of distribution, or plasma clearance rate. Two patients developed neutropenia and six other patients developed an eosinophilia greater than 400/mm3 while receiving nafcillin. No significant toxic effect of nafcillin on liver or renal function was observed. One patient had phlebitis. There was a significant correlation between nfacillin concentrations and serum inhibitory and bactericidal titers (P less than 0.001). Results from this study indicate that nafcillin is a safe and effective antibiotic for the treatment of infections due to susceptible bacteria in the dosage tested.
Adolescent↗
Elevation of cyclic AMP in C-1300 murine neuroblastoma by adenosine and related compounds and the antagonism of this response by methylxanthines.
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Adenosine↗
Herpes simplex virus glycoprotein immunotherapy of recurrent genital herpes: factors influencing efficacy.
Recombinant herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) glycoproteins B (gB) and D (gD) were used as immunotherapeutic agents for the treatment of recurrent genital herpes in guinea pigs. Administration of a gBgD vaccine eight to 21 days after intravaginal HSV-2 inoculation significantly increased the titer of anti-HSV antibodies (P less than 0.005) while significantly reducing the frequency of subsequent herpetic recurrences (P less than 0.05). The effectiveness of gBgD immunotherapy was influenced by both the co-administration of adjuvant, the type of adjuvant, and by the timing and route of administration. These data demonstrate that recurrent HSV disease in animals with established latent infection may be favorably altered by the administration of immunogenic viral proteins.
Animals↗
Evaluation of herpes simplex virus vaccines in animals: the guinea pig vaginal model.
The guinea pig model of genital herpes has proved useful for the evaluation of experimental herpes simplex virus vaccines. The model shares many of the features of genital herpes in humans, including a natural route of inoculation that results in self-limiting primary vulvovaginitis. Latent infection is established in sensory ganglia, and animals experience both spontaneous and ultraviolet radiation-induced recurrence of infection. Many humoral, cellular, and cytokine responses to herpes simplex virus type 2 infection in the guinea pig have been characterized. Both inactivated subunit immunogens and live, attenuated virus have been shown to afford some protection against primary disease, although they generally do not prevent acute viral replication or the establishment of latency. Because latently infected guinea pigs experience recurrent infections, this model has been used to explore immunotherapeutic approaches to the control of recurrent disease. With the development of more defined immunologic reagents, this model should prove useful for exploring the immune responses that are important in the control of primary, latent, and recurrent herpes simplex virus type 2 infections.
Animals↗