Malignant melanoma of the renal pelvis presenting as a primary tumor.
We report a case of malignant melanoma of the renal pelvis presenting as a primary tumor and review the relevant literature.
Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
L R Watson
Publications and source records attributed to L R Watson.
The sonographic evaluation of hydronephrosis with progressive ureteric obstruction. An experimental model.
An experimental animal model was set up to examine the interrelationship between urine flow and progressive ureteric stenosis in producing sonographically detectable hydronephrosis. In four rabbits with mild ureteric stenosis or no stenosis the renal pelvis showed little distension even with rapid diuresis. Progressively tighter ureteric stenoses resulted in progressive renal pelvic distension accentuated by diuresis. The implication is that the normal, unobstructed ureter in the rabbit is able to remove urine from the kidney as fast as it may be produced, even during conditions of maximal diuresis. Therefore, in the absence of any other factor that may contribute to overdistension of the upper urinary tract, a state of diuresis will not simulate hydronephrosis.
Animals↗
Fluorescent cytochemical oestrogen receptor assay: is it valid in breast cancer?
The performance of a fluorescent cytochemical oestrogen receptor (ER) assay has been compared with an established dextran-coated charcoal ER assay in 85 cases of primary breast cancer. Both assays were performed on tissue samples from the same tumour, by independent observers in different laboratories. A good qualitative correlation between the two methods was found, with agreement in 92 per cent of cases (P less than 0.0005). Criticisms of the fluorescein-labelled oestrogen methods are discussed. It is concluded that such methods should be validated in each laboratory by comparison with a conventional, quantitative ER assay before being used for clinical decisions.
Adsorption↗
Retention of hemopoiesis in tail vertebrae of newborn rats.
In newborn rats, the marrow cavity of tail vertebrae is hemopoietic and contains no adipose tissue. The latter develops soon after birth to replace the hemopoietic tissue within the nonexpansile volume of the marrow cavity. By transposing the tail into the warmer environment of the abdomen, hemopoiesis was retained, and the development of adipose tissue was prevented in the transposed segment, when the operation was done in preweanling but not in adult animals. Systemic stimuli of erythropoiesis (phlebotomy, induced hemolysis) acted synergistically with the temperature increment to retain hemopoiesis. The findings support the concept that adipose cells in the yellow marrow are relatively stable and once developed, they are not readily mobilized. The findings may also explain the discrepancies in the results obtained by rat tail transposition.
Adipose Tissue↗
Methods for establishing a working immunoradiometric assay for serum ferritin.
The two-site immunoradiometric assay for measurement of serum ferritin requires purified human ferritin and an avid high-titer antihuman ferritin antibody. Some of the antibody is radioiodinated following purification by immunoadsorption. All methods for preparation of these materials for the assay are described in minute detail. Performance of the assay itself and calculation of results are also described, and attention is drawn to several potential pitfalls. Adherence to these detailed descriptions will help to eliminate difficulties experienced by centers wishing to establish their own working serum ferritin assay.
Adolescent↗
The role of ultrasound scanning in the diagnosis of thyroid swellings.
This study has determined the ability of grey scale ultrasound to assess if a thyroid is normal or abnormal, if the appearances of the gland are specific for one disease and if the probability of malignancy can be determined. One hundred patients were studied, 65 with histologically confirmed diagnoses. It was found that the normal gland was distinguished from the abnormal with 99 per cent accuracy, simple cysts were diagnosed with 100 per cent accuracy and a specific disease diagnosis was given with 84 per cent accuracy. It was correctly stated in 87 patients that the disease was definitely benign, but in the remaining 12 patients (3 with cancer) it was stated that malignancy could not be excluded.
Cysts↗
"Normal" serum ferritin--a caution.
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Ferritins↗
Ultrasound anatomy for prostate brachytherapy.
Even for surgeons experienced in prostate anatomy, the manipulation of perineally-placed needles into the prostate under the guidance of an ultrasound probe in the rectum can be disorienting. For those embarking on ultrasound-guided brachytherapy for prostate cancer, there can be no substitute for experience gained performing transrectal ultrasound examinations. A review of the anatomy of the region is presented, together with images showing how that anatomy appears sonographically. Some of the concepts involved in the role of prostate planimetry for dosimetry planning will be touched upon.
Brachytherapy↗
Multiple sclerosis and asymptomatic urinary tract infection.
Multiple sclerosis patients with bladder dysfunction are prone to have an asymptomatic urinary tract infection. Because bladder function abnormalities occur at some time in 70% to 90% of multiple sclerosis patients, a quantitative estimate of the bacterial concentration in the urine as well as a culture is mandatory. Treatment of bladder dysfunction or infection will vary according to the post-voiding residual volume. A patient with multiple sclerosis and asymptomatic urinary tract infection is reported that highlights strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of the urinary tract infection.
Humans↗
Sonography of experimental acute renal vein occlusion.
Complete occlusion of the renal vein in five rabbits with the kidney in its normal position was followed by high-resolution ultrasound. Early changes consisted of moderate renal enlargement and a diffuse increase in renal echogenicity with a fine echo pattern. On the average, renal length increased by only 13%. Delayed changes were a gradual reduction in renal echogenicity, falling to below baseline, with blurring of the corticomedullary boundary. Intrarenal hemorrhage alone occurred in only one kidney. Perirenal hematoma were seen in two other cases associated with localized intrarenal hemorrhage adjacent to the point of capsular rupture (overall renal morphology was preserved). The relative subtlety of the changes observed contrasts with previously reported data and is felt to preclude a specific diagnosis.
Animals↗