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Biomedical subjects

L Rasmussen

Publications and source records attributed to L Rasmussen.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Carotid endarterectomy in patients with occlusion of the contralateral carotid artery. Perioperative risk and late results.

Recent reports on the outcome of carotid endarterectomy in patients with contralateral occlusion have been conflicting. Therefore, we reviewed 51 cases identified, among 675 consecutive carotid endarterectomies. A perioperative mortality of 2% and a permanent morbidity rate of 16% was observed. Compared with a complication rate of about 5% previously reported from this institution, this clearly indicates contralateral carotid occlusion as a major risk factor in carotid surgery. Though not statistically significant, patients with severely reduced cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) had suffered more severe strokes when compared to patients with only minor reduction in CPP. In addition, the internal carotid artery blood flow following endarterectomy was significantly higher in the low pressure group (P less than 0.02). No patients were lost during follow-up, for a mean of 34 months. The cumulative five-year survival rate was 74%, not significantly different from the expected survival of an age and sex matched population. During the period of follow-up 16 patients experienced new neurologic symptoms, in six (2 strokes and 4 TIA's) referable to the hemisphere ipsilateral to operation and in 10 (2 strokes and 8 TIA's) referable to the contralateral hemisphere. The five-year stroke rate was 16%. This together with the observed survival rate indicated a better-than-expected course in this group of patients with severe cerebrovascular atherosclerosis.

Carotid Artery Diseases↗
PubMed1987

Intestinal malrotation without volvulus in infancy and childhood.

Intestinal malrotation without volvulus in infants and children is often difficult to diagnose because of less dramatic clinical features, e.g. failure to thrive and intermittent bile stained vomiting, compared to the patients with volvulus. A plain x-ray of the abdomen may show the characteristic "double bubble sign", otherwise a barium meal will give the diagnosis. A follow-up study of 18 patients of whom 14 had an operation showed that all but one were free of symptoms after a median observation period of 205 months (range 20-317). It is concluded that any patient presenting with a symptomatic intestinal malrotation should be offered an operation except for the type with a mobile caecum.

Female↗
PubMed1987

Plasma lipoprotein composition in type 2 diabetic patients.

In the present study lipoprotein fractions were studied in clinically well-characterized patients with type 2 diabetes. Apart from the usually isolated fractions (VLDL, LDL and HDL) a subfraction of VLDL was studied. This VLDL-subfraction (VLDL-2) has a similar chemical composition to beta-VLDL which has been suggested to be of importance in the development of atherosclerosis. The results shows that obese type 2 diabetic women carry substantial amounts of VLDL-2 (greater than 100% above the level of comparable non-diabetic women), (2p less than 0.01 for cholesterol and triglyceride amounts in VLDL-2). Furthermore obese diabetic women had total plasma cholesterol values 27% higher than non-diabetic obese women (2p less than 0.05). Total plasma triglyceride values were found to be significantly higher in diabetic women compared with non-diabetic women (2p less than 0.01). LDL-cholesterol was found significantly raised in obese diabetic women compared with the corresponding group of non-diabetic women (2p less than 0.05). HDL-cholesterol showed lower values in ideal-weight diabetic women than in ideal-weight non-diabetic women (2p less than 0.05). In summary, the results show that obese women with type 2 diabetes carry high concentrations of lipoprotein fractions which have been incriminated as being of importance in the development of atherosclerosis. This is in accordance with the sex ratio of atherosclerotic disease among diabetic patients compared to the sex ratio in non-diabetic patients.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1986

Phosphate compounds as iron chelators in animal cell cultures.

We have studied the capacity of a number of phosphate compounds to act in the double role as a phosphate source and a detoxifier of ferric chloride hydroxo compounds, i.e. as Fe(III) chelators. The tested compounds were: orthophosphate, trimetaphosphate, alpha-glycerophosphate, beta-glycerophosphate, phytic acid, and phosphorylcholine; the test organism the ciliate protozoon Tetrahymena thermophila, an animal cell; and the nutrient medium was synthetic, consisting solely of low-molecular-weight compounds. We assessed growth rates of cells in two experimental series. First, phosphate-starved cells were exposed to the tested phosphate compound as the only phosphate source and the ferric chloride concentrations were varied stepwise from 0 to 1000 microM. Second, we offered the cells orthophosphate as a phosphate source and selected phosphate compounds as chelators. The cell growth results allow the following conclusions: orthophosphate, trimetaphosphate, alpha-glycerophosphate, and beta-glycerophosphate are excellent phosphate sources; trimetaphosphate, alpha-glycerophosphate, beta-glycerophosphate, and phytic acid are excellent Fe(III) chelators; of the tested compounds trimetaphosphate, alpha-glycerophosphate, and beta-glycerophosphate are excellent in the double role as a phosphate source and a ferric chloride hydroxo detoxifier, i.e. as a Fe(III) chelator.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Rectal prolapse in infancy: conservative versus operative treatment.

In infancy there are two types of rectal prolapse. One type is less pronounced and intermittent. This type occurred in 9 out of 17 children referred for rectal prolapse and ceased after a few weeks' conservative treatment. The other type is a more pronounced prolapse occurring at nearly each defecation and lasting several weeks or months. These patients may need an operation, especially when ulceration of the mucosa occurs. In our patients, a Lockhart-Mummery operation was used successfully in all but one patient. No complications were observed. Though less extensive treatment, such as submucosal injection of sclerosing agents, is recommended to be the first method of choice because pathoanatomically the prolapse in infancy is frequently a prolapse of the mucosa, in patients where this therapy does not succeed, a Lockhart-Mummery operation may be an alternative.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1986

Acute genital infection in guinea pigs: effect of recombinant interleukin-2 on herpes simplex virus type 2.

Human recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2) modifies infection with herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) in normal guinea pigs. Animals were injected sc with rIL-2 twice a day, beginning 24 hr before infection and continuing for three subsequent days. Guinea pigs were assigned to five different regimens in which rIL-2 was administered daily at dosages from 8 X 10(3) U/kg to 8 X 10(5) U/kg. After intravaginal inoculation with HSV-2, 83% of 24 control animals developed apparent genital herpes, and 5% had asymptomatic viral shedding. Animals receiving 4 X 10(4) U or 2 X 10(5) U or rIL-2/kg showed a significantly lower rate of infection (P less than .001 by chi 2) and a lower number of lesions and more rapid healing than did the infected animals in the control (untreated) group. The mortality in the untreated group (28%) was higher than in the animals in the 2 X 10(5) U/kg treatment group (7%). No difference was observed between the control, the 8 X 10(3) U/kg, and the 8 X 10(5) U/kg treatment groups with respect to severity of infection or mortality. Animals examined two to four weeks after inoculation had lymphocyte stimulation indices (induced with HSV-2 antigen) greater than 3.5 and titers of antibody between 2.5 log10 and 4.5 log10 by radioimmunoassay. In the disease-free animals, stimulation indexes were less than 2 and antibodies were undetectable. The mean stimulation index was 54 +/- 16 in the diseased control animals and 12 +/- 7 (P less than .05) in the 2 X 10(5) U/kg treatment group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Hantaan virus replication: effects of monensin, tunicamycin and endoglycosidases on the structural glycoproteins.

The monovalent ionophore monensin, which interferes with cellular transport pathways, and the antibiotic tunicamycin, which prevents glycosylation of newly synthesized proteins, were used to examine Hantaan virus particle formation and polypeptide synthesis. Viral replication in the presence of either drug resulted in reduced antigen production as well as reduced yields of both intracellular and extracellular infectious virus. Analysis of viral polypeptides synthesized in the presence of the drugs suggested differential effects of monensin and tunicamycin on Hantaan virus. Although reduced levels of the three major structural proteins were detected with increasing concentrations of monensin, the electrophoretic migrations of the polypeptides synthesized were unaltered. In contrast, after tunicamycin treatment, G1 was no longer detectable and G2 displayed both a quantitative reduction and an apparent molecular weight reduction of approximately 3000. Both G1 and G2 were sensitive to endoglycosidases H and F with resultant electrophoretic mobility shifts corresponding to molecular weights of approximately 7000 for G1 and 3000 for G2. Oligosaccharides appeared to be mostly, but not entirely, of the high-mannose type.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1986

Lipoprotein changes during continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion in insulin-dependent diabetic patients.

We have studied the long-term effects (9 months) in plasma lipoprotein concentrations during continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) (n = 11, six females, five males) and compared these changes to conventional insulin therapy (CIT) (n = 12, six females, six males). The two groups were allocated to CSII or CIT randomly, and were comparable as regards lipoprotein values at the start of the study. There were initially normal total plasma cholesterol values in both groups (CSII group: mean plasma cholesterol 3.77 +/- 0.57 mmol/l, CIT group: mean plasma cholesterol 4.37 +/- 0.55 mmol/l, means +/- SD). Further, there were normal total plasma triglyceride values at the start of the study (CSII group: mean plasma triglyceride 0.86 +/- 0.23 mmol/l, CIT group: mean plasma triglyceride 0.84 +/- 0.26 mmol/l, means +/- SD). There were no alterations seen in total plasma cholesterol and total plasma triglyceride in either groups during a 9 months observation period. In the same period no changes in LDL and HDL levels were registered. The very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) was separated into VLDL-1 and VLDL-2 by its binding to heparin-sepharose columns. It was found that CSII treatment for 9 months resulted in a decline in VLDL-2-triglyceride values (0.18 +/- 0.07 mmol/l before versus 0.10 +/- 0.07 mmol/l after, p less than 0.05, means +/- SD) which was not seen in the CIT group. Decline in VLDL-2-triglyceride might delay the development of late diabetic manifestations.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

One hospital's success with home-based work stations.

This article describes background history and experiences in setting up a successful home-based transcription program at a tertiary care outpatient center. It traces how the authors first became involved in home transcription to facilitate more office personnel to work overtime and decrease transcription backlog. The article also describes the initial set-up and how a permanent home program eventually was established. Steps to be taken in setting up a similar program, "pitfalls" to watch for, suggested personnel criteria and environmental requirements are outlined.

Electronic Data Processing↗
PubMed1986

Development of infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis in patients treated for oesophageal atresia. A case report.

Two cases of infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS) developed in 74 patients treated for oesophageal atresia. Treatment of oesophageal atresia is frequently followed by vomiting and failure to thrive due to gastrooesophageal reflux or anastomotic stricture. The diagnose of IHPS must be considered in such patients under the age of 8 weeks as symptoms of IHPS are similar to those of gastrooesophageal reflux. The diagnose of IHPS is strongly supported by the presence of a non-carbonic alkalosis. Contrast studies including oesophagus, stomach and duodenum are to be made early in the course, as clinical signs of IHPS are often masked.

Esophageal Atresia↗
PubMed1985

Utilization of iron complexes in an animal cell.

The ciliate protozoan Tetrahymena thermophila was grown in synthetic nutrient medium in the absence of the iron chelator citrate. Utilization and toxicity of various iron compounds or complexes in iron-starved cells were assessed from the number of cell doublings obtained within a standard time. The compounds tested included complexes formed between ortho-phosphates and two forms of ferric hydroxides, native and cationized ferritin, and tris-acetylacetonato Fe(III). The ferric hydroxo ortho-phosphate particles are toxic and can be removed from the medium by Millipore filtration. Uptake of ferritin and tris-acetylacetonato-Fe(III) is independent of food vacuole formation and seems to occur by micropinocytosis and by plasma membrane translocation, respectively.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Human cytomegalovirus polypeptides stimulate neutralizing antibody in vivo.

At least three human cytomegalovirus polypeptides are targets for virus neutralizing antibody; a single protein of 86,000 molecular weight (p86) and two coimmunoprecipitating proteins of 130,000 and 55,000 molecular weight (p130/55). These polypeptides have been isolated by immunoaffinity chromatography and tested for immunogenicity in guinea pigs. Neutralizing antibody was detected after immunization with both p86 and p130/55. Hyperimmune sera to p130/55, but not p86, were dependent upon guinea pig complement for virus neutralization.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Viral polypeptides detected by a complement-dependent neutralizing murine monoclonal antibody to human cytomegalovirus.

Murine monoclonal antibodies were produced which coimmunoprecipitated, under reducing conditions, 130,000- and 55,000-dalton (Da) polypeptides from cells infected with human cytomegalovirus (CMV) strain AD169. A 92,000-Da species, possibly a biosynthetic intermediate, was also detectable. One of the monoclonal antibodies, 15D8, neutralized CMV AD169 only in the presence of guinea pig complement. A second monoclonal antibody, 14E10, coimmunoprecipitated the 130,000- and 55,000-Da polypeptides but did not neutralize viral infectivity. By sequential immunoprecipitation, both monoclonal antibodies have been shown to recognize the same polypeptides. Monoclonal antibody 15D8 detected the 130,000- and 55,000-Da polypeptides in five of six clinical strains and three laboratory strains tested. The 14E10 monoclonal antibody detected the 130,000-Da protein in four of six CMV clinical isolates and in strain AD169 but did not immunoprecipitate any polypeptides from extracts of cells infected with either Towne or Davis laboratory strains. In kinetic studies, the synthesis of the 130,000-Da polypeptide preceded the appearance of the 55,000-Da polypeptide. In infected cells radiolabeled with a pulse of L-[35S]methionine, the isotope was initially detected in the 130,000-Da polypeptide but could be chased into the 55,000-Da polypeptide. These polypeptides exist in the intracellular and extracellular virus as disulfide-linked multimers. Extracellular virus contained a high-molecular-weight (greater than 200,000 Da) multimer composed entirely of 55,000-Da polypeptides. In extracts from infected cells an additional high-molecular-weight multimer was detected consisting of disulfide-linked 130,000-Da polypeptides.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1984

Tetrahymena. Adaptation to high iron.

Fe-starved ciliates Tetrahymena thermophila cease to multiply at Fe(III) concentrations above 10 microM in a synthetic nutrient medium lacking a good iron chelator such as citrate. If, however, the Fe(III) concentration is gradually increased over a series of subcultivations the cells will tolerate up to 300 microM Fe(III). Our experiments rule out the possibility of genetic selection of Fe-tolerant clones and suggest a physiological type of adaptation.

Acclimatization↗
PubMed1984

Inhibition of human cytomegalovirus replication by 9-(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl)guanine alone and in combination with human interferons.

The inhibitory action of 9-(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl)guanine on the replication of human cytomegalovirus was studied. Three laboratory strains (AD-169, Towne, and Davis) and three early passage (less than 10) clinical isolates were all inhibited in yield inhibition assays. In cultures infected with AD-169, virus yields could be inhibited if the drug was added as late as 3 days after the replication cycle had begun. The effects of the drug were fully reversible during the first 4 days of the viral replication cycle. Viral infectivity and viral DNA synthesis were reduced more than viral protein synthesis. Synergistic antiviral effects were observed with beta-cysteine, and to a lesser extent, with beta-serine recombinant interferons, but only over a narrow range of dose combinations.

Acyclovir↗