[Bilharziasis of the internal female genital organs].
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Adolescent↗
Biomedical subjects
L Renaud
Publications and source records attributed to L Renaud.
Excitation of cortical cells by barium.
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Action Potentials↗
Screening school personnel for cardiovascular disease risk factors: short-term impact on behavior and perceived role as promoters of heart health.
BACKGROUND: Few controlled studies have evaluated the impact of community-based screening to detect risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) on behavior change. This study examined the short-term impact of school-based screening on smoking, leisure time exercise, and fat consumption of personnel working in schools offered CVD risk factor screening. Also, the impact of screening on the perceptions that teachers have of their role in promoting heart health at school and the frequency of discussing heart health issues with students was investigated. METHODS: The impact of screening was investigated in a before-after study design comparing behaviors of staff working in eight inner-city elementary schools offered the screening with those of staff working in eight matched comparison schools. Data were collected in self-administered questionnaires 2 weeks before and 4 months after screening. RESULTS: A total of 209 subjects in the intervention schools completed the baseline questionnaire. Of these, 125 (59.8%) participated in the screening and completed the 4-month follow-up questionnaire. In the comparison schools, 135 of 177 subjects who completed the baseline questionnaire (76.3%) also completed the follow-up questionnaire. Multivariate analysis of covariance detected no changes in cigarette or fat consumption, but subjects exposed to the screening significantly increased their level of physical activity. Also, teachers exposed to screening increasingly supported the notion that teachers have a role in promoting heart-healthy behaviors among their students. CONCLUSIONS: Although several methodological limitations might have influenced the results, these data suggest that screening and counseling for CVD risk factors is an effective strategy to positively influence level of physical activity. If screening does increase motivation and interest among teachers to become heart-health role models or educators, the benefits of school-based screening could extend well beyond those who actually participate.
Adult↗
Correlates of the sustainability of community-based heart health promotion interventions.
OBJECTIVES: This study investigated factors related to the perceived sustainability of 189 heart health promotion interventions initiated by a public health department or research initiative and implemented in a variety of organizations across Canada. METHODS: Data were collected in a telephone survey of key informants from schools, restaurants, grocery stores, health care facilities, and sports facilities that had implemented a heart health promotion intervention (risk factor screening, courses for smoking cessation, healthy eating or physical activity, support groups to promote healthy lifestyles, environmental modification, dissemination of information) in the past 8 years. RESULTS: Overall, 43.6% of 189 interventions were perceived to be very permanent, 34.8% were somewhat permanent, and 21.5% were not permanent. Independent correlates of perceived sustainability included intervention used no paid staff (odds ratio (OR) 95% confidence interval (95% Cl) = 3.7 (1.8, 7.5)), intervention was modified during implementation (OR (95% Cl) = 2.7 (1.4, 5.0)), there was a good fit between the local provider and the intervention (OR (95% Cl) = 2.4 (1.2, 5.0)), and there was the presence of a program champion (OR (95% Cl) = 2.3 (1.2, 4.4)). CONCLUSION: Consideration of these factors by health promotion program planners could increase the potential for sustainability of health promotion interventions implemented in the community.
Adult↗
A new step towards the lattice reconstruction in 3DAP.
The spatial resolution of images produced by 3DAP is known not to be limited by the detector performance but by the physics of field ionisation and field evaporation. This resolution can be expressed by two parameters: the depth resolution and the lateral resolution, which have been shown to achieve, respectively, 0.06 and 0.2nm in an ideal case of a pure metal. By using this model and these values, the resolution along any crystallographic direction can be predicted. In addition, it is possible to predict the suitable sites of analysis where a given type of atomic planes can be resolved. Furthermore, it is shown that three types of planes with non-coplanar directions can be imaged in 3D reconstructed volumes. Thus, the reconstruction of the original tungsten lattice can be achieved with the use of Fourier Transform image analysis techniques. It is shown that the reliability of the method can be achieve the value of 90%.
Journal Article↗
[Evaluation of results of a nutritional marketing intervention in Montreal restaurants].
This article reviews two major questions examined in conjunction with the evaluation of the feasibility of a nutritional marketing program in restaurants. The first question focuses on the acceptance by restaurateurs of this type of initiative and the second, on the receptiveness of consumers. The evaluation allows us to render a positive judgement regarding the project while recognizing its limitations. The evaluation also points to a number of ways in which the program should be changed if it is expanded.
Advertising↗
[Health promotion: application of the Ottawa Charter].
One of the greatest challenges for community health today is to translate the health promotion framework into specific actions. An essential step toward integration of the strategies suggested by the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion lies in a close scrutiny of community health practice by health professionals. In the context of our own organization, we have set up a series of policy development seminars designed to bring together staff involved in different areas of community health and to have them work through clear institutional positions regarding current public health issues. We examined the policy positions in the light of the Ottawa Charter. Some of the Charter's suggested strategies were not well covered by the seminar participants. This could be partly attributed to the traditional mix of disciplines in community health. In order to approach health as defined in the Charter, a novel mix of disciplines should be invited to collaborate with the already existing professionals. The Charter is a useful tool for better focusing community health practice onto the health promotion paradigm.
Alcohol Drinking↗
[Treatment of threatened premature labor by Isoxsuprine].
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Adult↗
[Ovarian virilizing tumor with Leydig cells].
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Female↗
[Botryoid sarcoma of the cervix uteri].
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Adult↗
[Could a contest encourage smokers from an unfavorable environment to abstain from smoking for at least six weeks?].
A contest to encourage smokers to quit and to remain nonsmokers for at least six weeks was held in a low income neighbourhood in Montreal. The contest was one of many activities for a multifactorial community-based heart health promotion program. The objective of this article is to describe the intervention and its evaluation and to reflect on its relative successes. Thirty-one persons registered for the contest, seven stopped smoking during the six-week contest, and six persons remained abstinent two weeks after the end of it. Concrete recommendations regarding the contest and implementation of a smoking cessation program are discussed.
Adolescent↗
[The interdiction of tobacco sales to minors: a concerted effort is necessary].
We discuss the feasibility of an intervention involving retailers of over-the-counter tobacco sales to minors in a multi-ethnic Montreal neighbourhood. An overview of the literature on the efficacy of such interventions and an analysis of the present sociopolitical situation have influenced our decision to delay this intervention. The community should be made aware of this problem prior to intervention.
Adolescent↗
[Health education and television: history of a case of partnership].
This article analyzes the relationships among the various parties involved in the development of a heart health educational initiative based on a series of video spots and a leader's manual entitled "Vive la Vie". These educational materials are the product of a partnership effort, coordinated by the Community Health Department of The Montreal General Hospital, between the Quebec Ministry of Health and Social Services, Radio-Québec and a private production company. At the beginning of the project, there was no history of collaboration between these parties, and their interests and working methods were different. This article explores the difficulties inherent in forming such a partnership as well as the evolution of the project over time.
Community Health Centers↗
[Study of parental participation in curricular and extracurricular activities].
This preliminary study of parental participation in curricular and extra-curricular activities was conducted in the general framework of the healthy heart project in St. Louis du Parc, an underprivileged and multiethnic neighbourhood in Montreal. A general understanding of this type of participation is essential in order to adapt the role parents play in health programs developed in conjunction with the school. A conceptual framework was developed to help understand how and why parents of primary school children participate in school activities. Qualitative analysis of 15 semi-directed interviews conducted with various schools and other organizations revealed those obstacles to parental involvement, and the factors that encourage parents to participate. It was clear that there were wide social and cultural gaps between parents and schools. An important factor is how people perceive those barriers. Teachers stressed organizational and language communications difficulties. Others pointed to the lack of knowledge of the community, to poor communications skills and the parents' lack of those skills that would allow them to participate actively. A more open-minded attitude by school authorities and a more proactive and positive attitude of teachers toward parents are essential requirements, but not the only ones. Further interviews with parents should help provide more details and information.
Adult↗
[Institutionalization of community programs: review of theoretical models and proposal of a model-].
Community-based health promotion programs to change lifestyle habits must remain in their host organizations for extended periods of time in order to have impact. Their effectiveness can be closely linked to their long term viability or institutionalization. To remain viable, these programs must survive beyond initial investment and support by external organizations. However, some programs disappear when external investment is withdrawn. This can be costly and in addition can generate resistance to the implementation of other health promotion programs in the future. Recently, interest in the processes involved in the institutionalization of these programs has increased. Based on 28 publications, this article reviews selected conceptual models that highlight environmental, organizational, community and marketing-related, variables possibly related to the institutionalization process. A new model is proposed to link these diverse models according to: characteristics of the program, characteristics of the host organization, characteristics related to the adoption, implementation and incorporation of the program, and finally characteristics related to the fit (mutual adjustment) between the host and the program.
Community Health Planning↗
[Evaluation of the implementation of an educational curriculum: optimal interventions for the adoption of an educational program of health in elementary schools].
A multiple case study design is used to explain the level of implementation of a "Heart Health" curriculum by grade four teachers of eight schools in a Montreal multiethnic and underprivileged district. An interview and logbook examine the following variables: 1) personal characteristics of the teachers; 2) organizational characteristics of the schools; 3) characteristics of the program; 4) collaboration between the health and educational sectors; and 5) curriculum level of use and fidelity of implementation. The results show in particular that the personal characteristics of the teachers and the characteristics of the program explain the level of implementation of the Heart Health curriculum.
Cardiovascular Diseases↗
[Evaluative research on the distribution of health videocassettes destined for a disadvantaged Montreal population].
The present article describes the implementation and the evaluation of an intervention done in the context of a heart health community and multifactorial program. The intervention aimed to offer six videocassettes on cardiovascular health to a low-income and low-educated clientele through five video-clubs. All videoclubs (n = 5) from St. Henri/Petite Bourgogne agreed to distribute the videocassettes free of charge. Two components were examined: admissibility by videoclubs' owner and clientele's receptivity towards the intervention. Results showed that all videoclubs offered free display and service for the videocassettes. The article also presents a discussion of the feasibility and the possibilities to broaden this type of action.
Adult↗