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Biomedical subjects

L Rosen

Publications and source records attributed to L Rosen.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Concordance of familial characteristics in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.

The diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in a proband increases the probability of a parallel IBD diagnosis in a family member. In this study, we were able to confirm the IBD diagnosis in 35 (9.9 percent) of the relatives of 352 registry probands. To confirm a proband's report of a positive family history of IBD, efforts were made to directly contact all first-degree relatives regardless of their IBD status (parents, siblings, and children). Consent to contact family members was obtained from the proband, who furnished the registry personnel with names, addresses, and phone numbers. We then attempted to contact each identified relative by phone. After verbal consent was obtained, family members were asked if they had been diagnosed with IBD. This diagnosis was confirmed by contacting the relative's physician. A McNemar (chi 2 Mc) matched-pair analysis was used to analyze concordance between the proband and the affected family member. Within the CD/CD (Crohn's disease) concordant pairs, sex was a significant risk factor. Sex was not a significant risk factor within the UC/UC (ulcerative colitis) concordant pairs. In the concordant surgery pairs, no surgical procedure was a significant risk factor for the prediction of a similar surgical procedure for the affected relative. In concordant extraintestinal complications, only the appearance of a skin rash was significantly related to the appearance of a skin rash in the affected relative.

Colitis, Ulcerative↗
PubMed1992

Unusual morphology of a virus which produces carbon dioxide sensitivity in mosquitoes.

A virus, named Matsu, presumed to be the etiologic agent of hereditary sensitivity to carbon dioxide in Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes, was adapted to growth in the C6/36 line of Aedes albopictus cells. Though it was expected that the mosquito virus would be a rhabdovirus like sigma, the etiologic agent of hereditary carbon dioxide sensitivity in Drosophila melanogaster flies, that was not the case. The virion of Matsu was found to be unlike any previously described virus. It was pleomorphic, enveloped, from 200 to 550 nm in maximum diameter, and contained from three to several dozen virus-like polyhedral structures approximately 30 nm in diameter.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Prevalence of antibody to hepatitis A and hepatitis B viruses in selected populations of the South Pacific.

Five island populations representing the three major cultural groups of the South Pacific--Polynesia, Micronesia, Melanesia--were studied for prevalence of antibody to hepatitis A virus (anti-HAV) and of antibody to the core antigen of hepatitis B virus (anti-HBc). Sera were collected in the late 1950s and early 1960s, selected where possible for appropriate age and sex distributions, and were tested by radioimmunoassay. Rather marked differences in prevalence were observed. Anti-HBc patterns confirmed that HBV is endemic in the Pacific populations. Furthermore, the patterns differed somewhat from each other and did not correlate with ethnogeographic area. Prevalence of anti-HAV was high in all populations studied. A Unique pattern was found for the island of Ponape (Micronesia): In a Ponape population bled in 1963, anti-HAV was not detected in any individual under 20 years of age, but almost all individuals over that age were found to be seropositive. On testing a second group of sera collected in 1975, all individuals aged 14--21 years were found to be antibody positive, indicating that HAV had returned to Ponape sometime prior to 1975. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of HAV or HBV infection between males and females in any of the populations studied.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Polymorphism of the migration of double-stranded RNA genome segments of reovirus isolates from humans, cattle, and mice.

A series of 94 isolates of reovirus from humans, cattle, and mice, showed extensive variability in the patterns of migration of the ten double-stranded RNA genome segments. This variation was found in all three serotypes, and involved all ten genome segments, including the segment responsible for serological specificity. Although a single pattern was present among several samples isolated from individuals and collected at a single time and place, there were often multiple genetic variants of a single serotype present in a population. Samples isolated from widely different geographic origins or different mammalian hosts showed different patterns; samples from a single species from the same area over a period of time showed more limited variations. Among most isolates, the migration of the slowest S segment, the segment that encodes the hemagglutinin and is responsible for serological specificity in laboratory strains, was similar to reference strains for type 1 and type 3 isolates. However, the type 2 isolates showed considerable variation in this segment.

Anal Canal↗
PubMed1979

Transovarial transmission of yellow fever virus by mosquitoes (Aedes aegypti).

Female Aedes aegypti mosquitoes infected with yellow fever virus by intrathoracic inoculation transmitted the virus to a small percentage of their F1 progeny. Infected offspring were obtained from surface-sterilized as well as from untreated eggs, indicating that the virus was transovarially transmitted. Vertical transmission of yellow fever virus in mosquitoes may be an alternative mechanism for biological survival of the virus during adverse periods or in the absence of susceptible vertebrate hosts.

Aedes↗
PubMed1978

Transovarial transmission of Japanese encephalitis virus by mosquitoes.

Female Aedes albopictus and Aedes togoi mosquitoes infected with Japanese encephalitis virus either by intrathoracic inoculation or by ingestion of a virus-sucrose-erythrocyte mixture transmitted the virus to a small percentage of their F1 progeny. Adult F1 female Aedes albopictus thus infected transmitted the virus in turn to newly hatched chickens by feeding on them.

Aedes↗
PubMed1978

Pion radiotherapy: studies with nuclear emulsions.

Nuclear emulsions were used to provide information on (1) the pion star distribution for a therapy beam; (2) star production as a function of pion energy and residual range in nuclear emulsion; (3) the distribution of nuclear framgent ranges in emulsion; and (4) the neutron energy spectrum and fluence produced by negative pion capture in tissue, during treatment of a patient. This last item is important for determining the whole-body dose delivered to a patient undergoing pion radiotherapy.

Elementary Particles↗
PubMed1978

Epidemiologic, clinical, and virologic observations on dengue in the Kingdom of Tonga.

An outbreak of dengue type 2 infection occurred in the Pacific island Kingdom of Tonga in 1974 and an outbreak of dengue type 1 occurred there in 1975. The 1974 outbreak was characterized by relatively mild clinical disease with few hemorrhagic manifestations, a low attack rate, and relatively low viremia levels. The 1975 outbreak was characterized by relatively severe disease with frequent hemorrhagic manifestations and a high attack rate. The differences between the outbreaks could not be attributed to differences in abudance of, or susceptibility to infection of, mosquito vectors or to the prior immune status or other characteristics of the human population. It appeared that a difference in viral virulence was the most likely explanation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Differences in the velocity-displacement relationship of systolic contraction of normal and ischemic canine myocardium.

In the canine model there exist major differences in the velocity-displacement relationships of systolic contraction between normal and ischemic myocardium. These differences are noninvasively measurable in vivo from video recordings of the fluoroscopic image of the heart, and can be detected within the time period of one cardiac cycle. Velocity data is plotted against the corresponding wall displacement on orthogonal axes (phase-space), producing characteristic loops which give an immediate visual indication of myocardial dysfunction.

Animals↗