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Biomedical subjects

L S Mann

Publications and source records attributed to L S Mann.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

The relationship between alexithymia and abnormal illness behavior.

The relationship between abnormal illness behavior, measured by the illness Behavior Questionnaire and alexithymia, measured by the Toronto Alexithymia Scale, was studied in four cohorts of subjects. The two measures overlap in that the more alexithymic subjects endorsed more disease conviction, hypochondriacal concern, affective inhibition, affective disturbance, and irritability. Denial was not related to alexithymia, which supports the construct validity of alexithymia. Regression models developed for the four cohorts that consisted of psychiatric outpatients, psychiatric inpatients, medically ill patients and controls differed to suggest that alexithymia state phenomena interact with trait characteristics.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Alexithymia and depressed mood in the psychiatric patient.

The relationship between depressed mood and alexithymia, measured by the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS) was investigated in a group of psychiatric inpatients (n = 81) and outpatients (n = 97). In both cohorts correlations between the TAS and obsessoid personality style were significant when controlled for mood. The obsessoid style, measured by the Hysteroid-Obsessoid Scale was the most powerful predictor of alexithymia in regression models for each cohort. These data suggest that alexithymia is not a function of depression in such psychiatric patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Privacy rights and HIV testing in the hospital setting: a medicolegal quagmire for administrators.

The results of HIV testing must protect public health while preserving individual rights against unnecessary intrusions. To determine whether actual risks justify mandatory testing and reporting, the best possible objective medical information must be considered. Legislators and courts must not cave in to public sentiment and fears. Courts must scrutinize HIV testing legislation carefully to ensure that the legislative history is accurate and the primary goal is concern for public health, not for discriminating or creating scapegoats.

AIDS Serodiagnosis↗
PubMed1990

Is the Friday afternoon consult frequent? Timing of consultation requests on a psychiatric consultation service.

Two hundred psychiatric consultations were reviewed to determine if there was a pattern regarding the time of day and day of the week that consultations were requested. Consultations were found to be requested on a random basis although a survey of consultation psychiatrists perceived that consultations were more often requested late in the day. The implications of such misperceptions are discussed as they relate to negative attitudes towards consultative psychiatry by psychiatric physicians.

Child Psychiatry↗
PubMed1989

Isolated versus visible seclusion rooms: attitudes of psychiatric patients.

This study compares the attitudes of nonsecluded patients hospitalized on psychiatric units with either isolated or visible seclusion rooms. It was found that there were minimal differences between units. Patients at the hospital with visible seclusion rooms more often indicate that patients are often cured in such rooms, in contrast to the patients on the other unit who endorsed more stereotypical perceptions of the quiet room.

Attitude↗
PubMed1989

Who gets treated where. A study of patients transferred and not transferred from a consultation-liaison service to a general hospital psychiatry unit.

The decision to transfer a patient from a general hospital unit to a psychiatric unit is multifactorial. The most salient patient characteristics include the degree of dysfunctional behavior, the absence of social supports, and the presence of Axis II pathology. Severity of medical illness does not discriminate between the two groups. Awareness of these characteristics could aid physicians in formulating transfer decisions.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1989

Haloperidol prescribing practices in the general hospital.

This study investigates the clinical use of haloperidol within a general hospital. Patients who were prescribed haloperidol were often elderly, seriously ill, and stayed in the hospital longer than average. Only 23% received a psychiatric consultation. Of the patients under study, 80% were prescribed haloperidol on a PRN basis. The most common reason for neuroleptic treatment was to symptomatically manage severe agitation. Organic mental syndromes were rarely documented. Mental status exams were generally absent; the neuroleptic's effect was often omitted, and its use was rarely noted in the discharge summary. It is recommended that more education regarding the use of neuroleptic medication is indicated.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

The physical layout of psychiatric offices: a survey.

A thirty-five item questionnaire examining how psychiatric offices are arranged was randomly mailed to 255 psychiatrists from the American Psychiatric Association (A.P.A.) directory. Several trends were displayed in the manner that offices were arranged; and significant differences were found amongst various subgroups of psychiatrists.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Attitudes of nonsecluded patients toward seclusion rooms.

This study investigated the attitudes toward seclusion rooms of a group of hospitalized psychiatric patients who were not at the time secluded. Those patients who had never been secluded endorsed more negative feelings about seclusion room use than did those who had actually been secluded during prior hospitalizations. Women were more critical of the seclusion process than were men.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Borderline symptom inventory: assessing inpatient and outpatient borderline personality disorders.

The Borderline Symptom Inventory (BSI), a 52-item self-report inventory, was administered to cohorts of patients diagnosed with borderline personality disorder (BPD), affective disorder and a normal control sample. The study failed to demonstrate that the inventory could effectively discriminate either ambulatory or hospitalized BPD patients from those with affective disorders, but that the inventory could correctly specify a control group without a psychiatric disorder. The results suggest that it is premature to utilize the BSI as a reliable screen to detect BPD.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Alexithymia: relationship to severity of medical illness and depression.

The relationship of depression and the severity of medical illness to alexithymia was investigated in 75 medically ill patients seen in psychiatric consultation. Both depression and living alone predicted alexithymia but severity of medical illness was not related to an individual's alexithymic characteristics measured by the revised Schalling-Sifneos Scale. The implications of the findings are discussed in relationship to previous data regarding alexithymia in a psychiatric consultation population.

Adjustment Disorders↗
PubMed1986

Dopamine metabolism in the cerebrospinal fluid of drug-free schizophrenic patients with and without cortical atrophy.

Cortical atrophy measured with computed tomography was observed in ten of 53 schizophrenic patients. Levels of homovanillic acid, dihydroxyphenyl acetic acid (DOPAC), conjugated DOPAC, and dopamine sulfate (DASO4) were measured in the cerebrospinal fluid of these patients during a drug-free evaluation. Patients with cortical atrophy had lower cerebrospinal fluid levels of homovanillic acid, DOPAC, and conjugated DOPAC but higher DASO4 levels. Combined measures of dopamine utilization were significantly lower in patients with cortical atrophy. We did not find significant clinical or demographic differences between the patients with and without cortical atrophy. Patients without brain atrophy who had dopamine utilization above the mean showed more psychotic symptoms and shorter duration of illness, while those with dopamine below the mean had more negative symptoms. We propose that both state- and trait-dependent variables affect dopamine turnover.

3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid↗
PubMed1985

Recognition of psychological and cognitive impairments in the emergency department.

Ninety-six patients presenting to a university hospital emergency department were screened before triage for psychological symptoms or cognitive impairment using the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) and Mini-Mental State examination (MMS). Charts were reviewed for demographic information and emergency physicians' recognition of psychological symptoms or cognitive dysfunction. Of the patients studied, 38% had positive results on the GHQ, and 18% had positive results on the MMS. Psychological symptoms or cognitive impairments were recognized by the emergency physicians in only 8% of those with positive GHQ results and 6% of those with positive MMS results. The usefulness of screening measures for psychological symptoms and cognitive impairment of emergency department patients is discussed.

Cognition Disorders↗