Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to L S Nikitina.
Controlled normobaric interval hypoxytherapy and impulse low-intensity magnetic field application were proved to be the most promising methods that increase nonspecific resistance. Technical means to use those methods are specified.
Magnetocardiography as a new diagnostic method for cardiologic diseases in occupational medicine. The article covers possibilities of magnetocardiography as a promising diagnostic method for cardiologic diseases in occupational medicine. The studies used 7-channels magnetocardiographic complex MKG-6073-M. The authors applied standard exercise tests in 6 apparently healthy examinees.
Retrospective and prospective epidemiologic studies revealed features of pathomorphosis and response, defined various pathogenetic mechanisms induced by complex, combined exposure to poisons at work. The article determined main neurologic and hematologic syndromes considered as early and sensitive diagnostic criteria of poisons influence on workers exposed to them. The authors described some variants of course and long-term complications of prolonged exposure to poisons.
The article deals with analysis of scientific data concerning etiology, pathogenesis, clinical and roentgenologic manifestations, morphologic appearances and other aspects to precise and refine the former idea of pneumoconioses. The authors present the main principles for improved classification of pneumoconioses.
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A wide-range complex of biochemical techniques was used to study metabolic processes in workers exposed to cobalt and ethanol. In practically healthy workers were found laboratory manifestations of hepato-biliary irritations, hyperpermeability of the hepatocytes' cytoplasmic membrane, cholestasis syndrome, initial manifestations of muscular dystrophy and minor signs of atherosclerosis risks. The biochemical shifts were like those in alcoholism cases. It was suggested that, under the existing technological conditions of cobalt-containing hard-facing alloys' powder processing, the action of ethanol increased the toxic effect of cobalt.
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Four male patients aged 32 to 42 years were followed up. The clinical picture of the disease was typical of dilated (congestive) cardiomyopathy with a subacute onset, development of pronounced heart failure; all the patients were found to have exudate pericarditis. All the men were of the same occupation; they worked at the hard alloy works at a bay of wet grinding in ethanol of metallic Co and hard alloy carbides. The content of Co in the air of the working premises exceeded the MAC and amounted to 7.8-10 mg/m3. Besides, 47 workers of the same occupation (90% of the number of persons engaged in making up powdered compositions of hard alloys) were examined in addition. 16 persons showed the signs of alcoholization, including 9 (out of 11) working at a bay of wet grinding. During the recent 20 years, no cases of respiratory occupational diseases were recorded at the bay. The cardiotoxic properties of Co manifest themselves after the preceding toxic exposures, among which the leading part is played by alcohol. Of the 4 patients, 3 developed the disease in the presence of alcoholism, in 1 patient, it was coupled with tuberculous intoxication. Marked tendency towards polycythemia and increase of the content of hemoglobin was a frequently occurring manifestation of Co action on the workers (rather than a sign of intoxication).
Examinations of the parietal digestion and absorption, carried out in 346 patients with eczema, have revealed disordered resorption in the small intestine (of D-xylose in 74%, of galactose and glucose in 78%, of lactose in 96%, of lipids in 76%, of salts in 71%, and of ethanol in 91% of the examinees). Membranous hydrolysis has been decreased in all the subjects. Correction of the detected dysfunction of the small intestine had a favourable effect on both the skin process and the digestive and absorptive functions of the small intestine.
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