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Biomedical subjects

L S Wolff

Publications and source records attributed to L S Wolff.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Effects of maternal distraction and reprimands on toddlers' transgressions and negative affect.

Misbehaviors occur at a high rate during the toddler years, and parents use a variety of methods to control these behaviors. The present investigation compared the effectiveness of two commonly used strategies, distraction and reprimands. Twenty mothers and their 17- to 39-month-old children were observed in a laboratory setting in which mothers used either distraction then reprimands or reprimands followed by distraction in response to their children's transgressions. When reprimands were used as the initial strategy, they were significantly more effective than distraction in controlling children's transgressions. Distraction was effective in maintaining low rates of transgression when preceded by a period of reprimands. However, when reprimands were instituted following a period of distraction, children's rates of negative affect increased significantly. Implications for the etiology and management of child behavior problems are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Assessment and treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder in children.

Childhood obsessive-compulsive disorder was believed to be very rare and, until quite recently, little effort was directed toward assessment or treatment. Today, typical assessment procedures include clinical and structured interviews, self-report and therapist or staff completed inventories, self-monitoring, and direct observation. No single method has demonstrated superiority, and each has had limitations. Multiple measures are therefore recommended. The treatment literature is composed largely of uncontrolled case studies presenting combinations of three or more treatments. Although all treatment-outcome reports illustrate positive effects, no one method has been superior treating either a single facet of the disorder or the disorder in its entirety.

Behavior Therapy↗
PubMed1991

[Production of slime by coagulase-negative staphylococci as a marker of systemic infection in newborn infants].

We studied 310 strains of Staphylococcus spp. from neonates admitted in intensive care unit from june 1988 to may 1990, with the purpose of establishing a relationship between the slime production and the occurrence of sepsis. The original technique for its determination was modified; this facilitated the performance and the reading of results. Of 105 neonates with isolation in blood, spinal fluid and/or intravascular catheter of negative-coagulase Staphylococcus (CNS), the incidence of sepsis was 57.9% when the strain was a slime-producer, and only 11.6% when the strain did not produce slime (p less than 0.001). The risk of infection was five-fold increased when the isolated was slime-producer CNS. We proved a high predictive value when the strains were identical and isolated from two samples, one of which was blood. These results show that the production of slime is a factor which strongly support the diagnosis of neonatal sepsis due to negative-coagulase Staphylococcus.

Bacterial Proteins↗