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Biomedical subjects

L Santambrogio

Publications and source records attributed to L Santambrogio.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Plasma profiles of adrenocorticotropic hormone, cortisol, growth hormone and prolactin in patients with untreated Parkinson's disease.

Plasma profiles of prolactin, growth hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol were evaluated in a group of untreated patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease and a group of healthy age-matched controls. Plasma integrated concentrations of all hormones except prolactin were significantly lower in the patients as compared with the controls; however, prolactin nocturnal peak concentration was significantly elevated in the patients; nocturnal growth hormone levels were significantly reduced in the Parkinson group; ACTH and cortisol plasma concentrations were also consistently lower during most of the day in the patients with Parkinson's disease. These data confirm the presence of a hypothalamic disturbance in patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease, which can affect pituitary function.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1990

Temporal arteritis presenting as an extrapyramidal disorder.

A case of temporal arteritis presenting with extrapyramidal symptoms (tremor, rigidity and extrapyramidal hypertonus) unresponsive to conventional treatment is here described. The onset of headache and laboratory abnormalities suggestive of temporal arteritis prompted a temporal artery biopsy which confirmed the diagnosis; the administration of corticosteroids led to the resolution of all symptoms.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Leucocyte behaviour in controlled ischaemia of the calves.

Whole blood filterability and leucocyte behaviour (number, activation, and subfraction filterability rates) were monitored at the earliest stage of peripheral ischaemia in 18 patients with stage II peripheral occlusive arterial disease (PAOD) and 20 matched controls. A model of controlled ischaemia, using exercise to stress leg circulation, was set up and blood samples were taken before exercise, at the onset of calf pain, and at recovery from peak exercise. Leucocytes were counted, separated into their subfractions on a Ficoll-Hypaque density gradient and by adhesion to Petri dishes, and filtered in buffer (like the whole blood suspensions) through 5 microns pore diameter Nucleopore filters. Unfractionated white cells, separated under gravity, with pseudopodia or cytoplasmic irregularities were regarded as activated. The whole blood filterability rate was significantly increased at the onset of calf pain and was associated with significant increases in the number of leucocytes and in the filterability rate of the monocyte subfraction, the latter persisting throughout the recovery period. No significant changes were observed in the other variables monitored, showing that impairments in white cell rheology may be associated with ischaemia.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Non-invasive cardiovascular monitoring in Shy-Drager syndrome.

The pattern of arterial blood pressure and heart rate were investigated in a patient with progressive autonomic dysfunction and nineteen healthy age-matched controls. A marked postprandial reduction of blood pressure was observed in the patient; this phenomenon was not noted in the control group; besides, the rhythmicity of blood pressure and heart rate were altered with peak values shifted approximately eight hours later with respect to the controls.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[384 papillosphincterostomy operations. Indications, technic, results and long-term control].

The immediate and long-term results of 384 papillosphincterostomy operations carried out between 1969 and 1979 are presented and discussed. After defining the operation exactly, indications for it are illustrated, i.e.: VP lithiasis, fibrosclerotic odditis, Oddian functional pathology and other pathologies. Special attention is paid to diagnostic techniques. After commenting on surgical techniques, the results obtained in the immediate postoperative course are examined and it is pointed out that complications specific to the type of operation occurred in 1.5% of cases, with a mortality of 1.3% and an incidence of acute pancreatitis of 0.3% (3 cases of which 1 fatal). 162 patients (42%) were followed up between 10 years and 3 months after operation. Follow-up showed the absence of late after-effects and as well as the advantages of effecting an extensive incisura at the Oddian sphincter.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Preoperative CEA, NSE, SCC, TPA and CYFRA 21.1 serum levels as prognostic indicators in resected non-small cell lung cancer.

In 62 patients affected by resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) submitted to radical surgery we evaluated the prognostic significance of CEA, NSE, SCC, TPA, and CYFRA 21.1 serum levels at diagnosis, as well as the predictive ability of these tumor markers with respect to histological type and pathological stage. The group was composed of 56 male and 6 female patients; the median age was 62 years (range 29-73 years). Thirty-four patients had a histological diagnosis of adenocarcinoma and 28 of squamous cell carcinoma; with regard to pathological stage, 32 patients had stage 1, 4 patients stage II and 23 patients stage IIIA disease. A good predictive ability with respect to histological type was obtained with SCC serum levels; as for pathological stage, TPA and CYFRA 21.1 were found to have moderate predictive ability. In this series of patients, at a median follow-up of 55 months after surgery, we found that both TPA and CYFRA 21.1 serum levels at diagnosis were reliable predictors of overall survival, high values of these markers being associated with a worse prognosis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prognostic significance of different biomarkers in non-small cell lung cancer.

The purpose of our study was to examine the prognostic significance of different biomarkers [DNA content, proliferating cell nuclear antigen labeling index (PCNA-LI), p53 mutation and apoptosis], in 152 surgically resected non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The ploidy was carried out by densitometry; PCNA-LI, p53 and apoptosis were determined with immunohistochemistry. The results were correlated to histology, stage and patient survival. A considerable variability of the PCNA indices, ranging from 0 to 33.5% with a mean value of 7.0%, was found. DNA evaluation showed a prevalence of aneuploid tumors (62%) with a DNA index >1. Overexpression of p53 protein and apoptotic positivity were observed in low percentages of cases (16% and 32% respectively). Only stage and PCNA-LI were found to be significant prognostic factors on multivariate analysis. PCNA was superior to stage in predicting shortened survival of patients with NSCLC. PCNA immunostaining can be applied on a routine basis in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples of NSCLC to predict patient prognosis and thus to identify patients in need of additional postoperative therapies.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hyaline vascular Castleman's disease of the mediastinum.

Castleman's disease is rare and can be present in many sites and with a variety of symptoms. Surgery is always recommended for localized lesions to remove the mass as completely as possible, reserving other treatment modalities for unresectable cases.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pulmonary capillary hemangiomatosis in an asymptomatic elderly patient.

Thoracic hemangiomatosis is an extremely rare condition of the thorax of unknown origin: thin-walled capillary blood vessels infiltrate the lung parenchyma, blood vessels, interlobular septa, bronchiolar walls and pleura. The infiltration of pulmonary veins and venules induces secondary pulmonary veno-occlusive disease and pulmonary hypertension with a slowly progressive clinical course. This condition can be associated with vascular dementia and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Tumour markers CEA, NSE, SCC, TPA and CYFRA 21.1 in resectable non-small cell lung cancer.

BACKGROUND: In the last few years, several prognostic factors have been investigated in order to identify among patients with completely resected non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) subsets at high risk of recurrence. In this context, the actual role of serum tumour markers is still unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of preoperative CEA, NSE, SCC, TPA and CYFRA 21.1 serum levels in 62 patients submitted to radical surgery for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The predicting ability of these tumour markers with respect to histological type and pathological stage was also assessed. PATIENTS AND METHODS: After informed consent was obtained, the preoperative serum concentrations of the tumour markers CEA, NSE, SCC, TPA and CYFRA 21.1 were measured by means of immunometric assays in 62 patients referred to our Institutions from January to December 1992. All patients had resectable, histologically proven NSCLC and were submitted to radical surgery. Overall survival (OS) was calculated as the time elapsed from surgery to the date of death or last clinical evaluation; the prognostic effect of the tumour markers was investigated by Cox multiple regression models. RESULTS: Fifty-six patients were male and 6 female; median age was 62 years. Thirty-four patients had a histological diagnosis of adenocarcinoma and 28 of squamous cell carcinomas. With regard to pathological stage, 32 patients had stage I, 4 patients had stage II and 23 patients had stage IIIA disease. In this series of patients, at a median follow-up of 55 months after surgery, we found that both TPA and CYFRA 21.1 serum levels at the time of diagnosis were reliable predictors of overall survival high values of these markers being associated with worse prognosis. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that in completely resected NSCLC, TPA and CYFRA 21.1 preoperative serum levels might provide a useful tool for stratifying subgroups of patients with different chances of disease recurrence after surgery.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Free radical production in peripheral vascular disease. A risk for critical ischaemia?

Malondialdehyde (MDA) plasma concentrations (marker of lipid free radical peroxidation) and the unfractionated leucocyte and erythrocyte filterability rates (through 5 micron Nuclepore filters in a positive pressure filtration system) were determined during a partial ischaemia induced by two consecutive treadmill tests in 64 stage II peripheral vascular disease (PVD) patients and in 32 matched controls. Transcutaneous oxygen pressure (tcPO2) was monitored constantly throughout the walking tests and recovery periods. In the PVD patients impairments in the flow properties of leucocytes and erythrocytes were associated with increases in MDA plasma concentrations which correlated significantly with a lengthening of the tcPO2 half recovery times--index of the worsening of ischaemia. Patients could be divided into two sub-groups on the basis of these impairments and their half recovery times, suggesting this experimental model may provide a means to identify those stage II PVD patients most likely to develop critical limb ischaemia.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of physical training on leukocyte rheology throughout induced ischaemia.

Before and after a physical training programme a treadmill exercise was used to stress leg circulation and induce ischaemia in 20 patients affected by peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD). Transcutaneous oxygen pressure (TcPO2) was monitored constantly and blood samples drawn at baseline, the onset of calf pain, the maximum walking time, the minimum TcPO2 value, and when the TcPO2 recovered half its basal value. The mononuclear and polymorphonuclear leucocyte subfractions were separated by density and their filterability rates (through 5 microns pore diameter Nuclepore filters) measured using a positive pressure filtration system. The mononuclear filterability rate was significantly impaired throughout the ischaemic event and inversely correlated with the TcPO2 values. Physical training while delaying the onset and progress of ischaemia did not modify this pattern, implying that regular exercise does not affect the rheological properties of leukocytes--impairments in which are markers of ischaemia.

Carbon Dioxide↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Bronchial carcinoid tumors. Retrospective analysis of 32 cases].

Thirty-two cases of bronchial carcinoids (rate m/f = 1, average age 50.33 years) had been treated from 1970 to 1993. 62.5% of patients were symptomatic, 6% with specific symptoms. 62.5% of tumors had a central growth. Thirty-one patients underwent surgical treatment, another one a laser Nd:YAG coagulation. The operative mortality and morbidity were respectively 3% and 0%. 84.4% of tumours were typical carcinoid, 11% of those had lymphonodal metastases. Atypical carcinoids were found in 15.6% of patients, 40% had lymphnodal metastases. The global actuarial survival to 1, 5, 10 years were respectively 96, 88 and 84%. Statistically the survival difference between the typical and atypical carcinoid is relevant. The authors underline the preoperative cytologic diagnosis to perform a minimal lung resection in typical bronchial carcinoids.

Actuarial Analysis↗