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Biomedical subjects

L Sinclair

Publications and source records attributed to L Sinclair.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

A randomized study of the systemic effects of warm heart surgery.

The technique of warm heart surgery is defined as continuous warm blood cardioplegia and normothermic cardiopulmonary bypass. Although the systemic effects of traditional myocardial protection are well known, the effects of warm heart surgery are not. In a prospective trial, 204 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting were randomized to the warm heart surgery technique (normothermic group) or traditional intermittent cold blood cardioplegia and cardiopulmonary bypass (hypothermic group). The groups had similar heparin sodium requirement, activated clotting times, urine output, hematocrit, and blood product utilization. There were no differences in hemodynamics immediately after cardiopulmonary bypass. The normothermic patients had a higher incidence of spontaneous defibrillation at cross-clamp removal (84%) than the hypothermic patients (33%) (p less than 0.01). An increase in the flow rate of low K+ cardioplegia was necessary to eradicate electrical activity during aortic occlusion more often in the normothermic patients (20%) than in the hypothermic patients (3%) (p less than 0.01). When low K+ cardioplegia was ineffective, high K+ cardioplegia was necessary to eradicate electrical activity in 31% of the normothermic patients compared with 10% of the hypothermic patients (p less than 0.05). The total cardioplegia volume delivered to the normothermic group (4.7 +/- 1.9 L) was higher than that delivered to the hypothermic group (2.6 +/- 0.8 L) (p less than 0.01). Although urine output was similar in both groups, the serum K+ levels were higher in the normothermic group (5.7 +/- 0.8 mmol/L) than in the hypothermic group (5.3 +/- 0.8 mmol/L) (p less than 0.001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1986

Expression of the major heat shock gene of Drosophila melanogaster in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

A copy of the gene which encodes the major heat shock protein (hsp70) of D. melanogaster was integrated in both orientations into the genome of S. cerevisiae at the leu2 locus. The level of transcript from the D. melanogaster gene was measured under both normal conditions and conditions which are known to give rise to the heat shock response in S. cerevisiae. In both orientations the D. melanogaster gene gave rise to an abundant transcript in uninduced cells. The level of this transcript was increased transiently on heat shock, peaking after about 30 min at the elevated temperature. The average induction observed was around 5-fold. Although the D. melanogaster gene is heat inducible in S. cerevisiae, the transcripts are initiated at several sites which lie between 10 and 40 base pairs downstream of the initiation site in D. melanogaster. Thus, the transcriptional apparatus of S. cerevisiae appears to recognize the promoter and regulatory elements of the D. melanogaster major heat shock gene, although the manner in which transcription is initiated differs between the two species.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Adenovirus type 7; 1971-74.

The spread of adenovirus type 7 in England and Wales between 1971 and 1974 and the clinical features of infections with this virus were investigated in a retrospective study of virological reports and patients' clinical records. An epidemic in 1972-74 apparently stared in the North-East and spread to the South-West. Between March 1973 and the end of October 1974 the virus was recovered in 59 of 74 specimens from 42 patients. The mean age of the patients was 9 years, which suggests that a large pool of young susceptibles was important in the dissemination of the epidemic. Sore throats, cervical lymphadenopathy, conjunctivitis, and abdominal pain were common symptoms. Meningism was present in 12 patients; 2 cases had apparent neuropsychiatric sequelae.

Adenoviridae Infections↗
PubMed1976

The size of airborne dust particles precipitating bronchospasm in house dust sensitive children.

We have assessed the effect of house-cleaning procedures on changes in airborne dust and bacteria counts and correlated these with respiratory function tests in 14 children with bronchial asthma who were known to have developed attacks at home, and who had positive skin tests to house dust and the house-dust mite. We have demonstrated that after cleaning procedures a positive and statistically significant correlation exists between the increase in the numbers of small particles, 2 mum. and less in diameter, in the environment, and reduction in mean peak flow. This indicates that particles of this size penetrate the bronchial tree and are the causative factor in the genesis of bronchospasm.

Asthma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Sprayed opaque porcelain as a retentive surface for resin-bonded restorations.

This study investigated the shear bond strength between etched enamel and 4-mm-diameter base metal castings cemented with Panavia EX. Four different methods of casting preparation were used: air abraded, salt crystals placed on the wax patterns, opaque porcelain sprayed on the metal surface, and sprayed opaque porcelain followed by a silane coupling agent. The prepared surfaces were examined before and after testing using SEM and electron dispersive analysis by x-rays. It was determined that there was no significant difference in the shear bond strength between the salt-crystal technique and the nonsilanated sprayed ceramic surfaces. The air-abraded surface was the least retentive, and the silanated opaque porcelain specimens had intermediate retention. The sprayed opaque porcelain technique seems to offer several advantages.

Dental Alloys↗