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Biomedical subjects

L Sipos

Publications and source records attributed to L Sipos.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Characterization of human gliomas by a monoclonal antibody both on tissue culture and paraffin-embedded sections.

A monoclonal antibody designated OITIC3-11 was produced against GFAP positive human glioblastoma multiforme tumour cells. The specificity of the monoclonal antibody was tested on different types of human brain tumours and on normal adult brain both on tissue cultures and paraffin-embedded sections. The OITIC3-11 monoclonal antibody reacted with 16 of 18 malignant and 1 of 6 benign gliomas but did not react with meningioma, pituitary adenoma, metastatic brain tumours and normal adult brain tissue.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Chronic extradural haematoma--report of 33 cases.

During 35 years (1955-1989) 236 extradural haematomas were operated on in the National Institute of Neurosurgery, Budapest. 33 of them were operated on after the 4th day following trauma. These cases were termed as chronic ones. There was no mortality and only two patients had permanent neurological signs. The much more favourable outcome of the chronic extradural haematoma could be explained with the slow development of the haematoma. It is remarkable that the trauma itself was not recognised in several cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Spontaneous spinal epidural haematomas.

The spontaneous spinal epidural haematoma (SSEH) is a rarity, but the severe and permanent motor disability underlines its importance. From 1957 seven cases of SSEH have been diagnosed and operated on in the National Institute of Neurosurgery, Budapest. These cases are analysed and discussed. The clinical picture began with local pain of the spine and radicular signs but some hours or days later paraparesis or paraplegia and incontinence developed. In the discussed cases the neurological deficit progressed to complete para- or tetraplegia in 5 cases. Only 2 patients had partial spinal transverse lesions on admission. All patients underwent myelography to detect the spinal space occupying lesion and were operated on soon. Three patients recovered completely, 2 remained partly and 2 totally paralysed. The outcome depended mainly on the timing of neurological deficiency. If the neurological signs existed less than 8 hours the patients recovered completely or fairly well while the prognosis was poor if the transverse lesion persisted longer than 24 hours. The authors stress the importance of correct and fast decisions at the first medical examination for the outcome of this disease, because only immediate transfer to a neurosurgical department gives a chance of good recovery.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Myo-inositol-1-phosphate synthase in different Streptomyces griseus variants.

The activity of myo-inositol-1-phosphate synthase (MIPS, EC 5.5.1.4.) from streptomycin producing and non-producing strains of Streptomyces griseus was measured during the life cycle on different culture media. The activity varied in the different S. griseus variants and depended on the time of cultivation and the composition of the culture medium. Strains characterized by low MIPS levels are also low streptomycin producers. The enzyme is unstable. It loses 70% of its activity in the crude extract after 18 h at 0 degree C. (NH4)2SO4 and DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide) in 20% solution are suitable stabilizing agents, the loss of activity being only 10% in 0.5 M (NH4)2SO4 solution during 24 h. With the applied purification procedure the specific activity of the enzyme was increased 23-fold. According to preliminary estimations, its molecular mass (Mr) is about 216 kDa with a pH optimum of 8.3 and Mg2+-dependent enzyme activity.

Carbohydrate Epimerases↗
PubMed1987

The effect of TP-3 (Arg-Lys-Asp), TP-4 (Arg-Lys-Asp-Val), and TP-5 on the metastatic capacity of intravenously injected Lewis lung tumor cells.

The oligopeptides Arg-Lys-Asp (TP-3), Arg-Lys-Asp-Val (TP-4), and Arg-Lys-Asp-Val-Tyr (TP-5) considered as the active short fragments of thymopoietin were administered (lo mg/kg) to C57B1 mice 24 hours before the intravenous inoculation of Lewis lung tumor (LLT) cells. A substantial decrease in lung metastasis number was observed as a result of treatment with all of the three oligopeptides. TP-3, TP-4, and TP-5 treatment decreased the immunosuppressive activity of Cyclophosphamid (240 mg/kg) given 96 hours before the inoculation of LLT cells. After thymectomy, performed eight days before the LLT inoculation, only TP-3 treatment resulted in the decrease of Cyclophosphamid immunotoxicity. A stimulating effect of TP-3 on T helper cell activity is assumed. The oligopeptides TP-3, TP-4, and TP-5 are recommended for clinical trial in case of malignant tumors and immunodeficiency.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Identification of the small for gestational age fetus with the use of gestational age-independent indices of fetal growth.

This study reviews the roles of sonographic assessment of the rate of growth of the fetal abdominal circumference, the femur length/abdominal circumference ratio, and qualitative determination of amniotic fluid volume as gestational age-independent indices for identification of the small for gestational age fetus. The sensitivity and specificity for single and combinations of test results were evaluated in 50 appropriate for gestational age and 40 small for gestational age fetuses. Positive and negative predictive values were derived for the general population. Our results indicate that either a rate of growth of the fetal abdominal circumference less than or equal to 10 mm/14 days or a femur length/abdominal circumference ratio greater than or equal to 23.5 correctly identifies most small for gestational age fetuses. When the general population is screened, only 15% of small for gestational age fetuses will be missed by this combination of criteria. The presence of a pocket of amniotic fluid less than or equal to 2.0 cm is highly suggestive of a small for gestational age fetus. However, the presence of a pocket of amniotic fluid greater than 2.0 cm does not guarantee an appropriate for gestational age fetus. We conclude that these gestational age-independent indices of fetal growth offer useful tools for differentiating between the small for gestational age and appropriate for gestational age fetus.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1986

Fetal injury prior to labor: does it happen?

Major advances have been made in the identification and prevention of perinatal factors that lead to long-term handicap or neurologic deficits. When the infant or child exhibits a major handicap, scrutiny of the pregnancy management often occurs in an attempt to define the causal factors. The medical goal of this inquiry is to prevent injuries and, when possible, to eliminate these factors. In the litigious sense, any deviation from optimal, ideal care or any unusual observations, such as unusual or atypical fetal heart rate patterns, are often causally linked to the adverse outcome. There are at least four categories of major fetal injury that probably occur prior to labor. An awareness of, and a diligent search for, details will no doubt clarify the legitimate origins of many so-called birth injuries. Hence the common tendency to fixate on minor deviations and/or deficiencies of labor and delivery management as causing catastrophic injuries will be successfully challenged.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Ultrasonic estimation of weight in the very low-birth weight fetus: a resident versus staff physician comparison.

The estimation of weight in the very low-birth weight fetus (less than 1500 gm) is becoming more important in obstetric management as neonatal nurseries are reporting better outcome in this weight category. It has become clear that assessment of weight can best be accomplished through the use of ultrasound. In many institutions, however, ultrasonography is under the control of other departments and is not readily available. This arrangement prevents rapid access and compromises the benefit of the technique. To evaluate the accuracy of scans performed in very low-birth weight infants by personnel with limited training in ultrasonography, we undertook a systematic study of weight estimates in this select group of patients. To date, 31 ultrasound examinations have been performed by staff physicians and 50 by resident physicians. Comparisons made between ultrasound examinations by staff and resident physicians showed that the absolute error between the ultrasound-predicted weight and the actual weight, though less in the case of staff physician examinations, was not statistically significant.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1984

Underestimation of fetal weight in premature rupture of membranes.

The accuracy of estimating fetal weight (EFW) by ultrasonographic techniques was analyzed after spontaneous premature rupture of the membranes (SPROM). The birth weights of 50 infants with SPROM delivered within 72 hours of ultrasound examination were compared with EFW based on ultrasonically measured parameters. The results indicate that EFW significantly underestimates birth weight in SPROM. The EFW based on biparietal diameter and abdominal circumference underestimated actual birth weight by an average of 12.4 per cent; EFW based on abdominal circumference alone, and on abdominal circumference and femur length, underestimated birth weight by 7.1 and 13.2 per cent, respectively.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1983

Exercise in pregnancy. II. Fetal responses.

Healthy pregnant women underwent a mild exercise study to evaluate the effects of this amount of work on their fetuses. The results indicated that there were no direct correlations between exercise and fetal body or breathing movements at this particular work intensity (2.33 m). We found a relationship between the maternal sympathetic activity as reflected in epinephrine levels and the degree of fetal activity.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Further experience with the fetal biophysical profile.

At Los Angeles County/University of Southern California Medical Center, the authors performed biophysical profile testing on 186 fetuses within one week of delivery. One component of the biophysical profile is the nonstress test. The other four components are fetal parameters observed with real-time ultrasonography: fetal breathing movements, fetal movements, fetal tone, and amniotic fluid volume. Clinicians managed the patients on the basis of the nonstress test result, and the authors did not report the other biophysical profile results. Measures of outcome included perinatal mortality, fetal distress in labor, low five-minute Apgar score, and birth weight small for gestational age. Results indicate that fetal biophysical parameters other than the response, or lack of response, of the fetal heart rate to fetal movements may have predictive value in assessing the state of fetal health. In the future, real-time ultrasonography may prove to be a reliable adjunct to antepartum electronic fetal heart rate monitoring.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1982

Comparative studies on the distribution of heavy metals in the oceans and coastal waters.

Results of our investigations during the last five years are summarized. The concentrations of Cd, Pb and Cu have been determined in coastal areas of the Western Mediterranean and the North Sea, reflecting the influence of the pollution sources along the shore line. Deep sea water and surface water sample from the Pacific, Atlantic, Mediterranean and Arctic Sea have been analyzed for Cd, Pb, Cu and at some stations also additionally for Ni, Co. It is demonstrated that concentration levels of surface and deep sea waters may differ significantly in diverse oceans. The same is valid to a greater extent for coastal waters affected particularly by anthropogenic input that can be dispersed by tidal currents. Applying reliable sampling methods and the voltammetric determination procedure in particular suitable for heavy metals at the trace level, significant contributions to a consistent data basis for the distribution of heavy metals in the sea could be achieved.

Cadmium↗
PubMed1981

Amniocentesis in the second trimester: the effect on fetal movement.

Linear array real-time ultrasound was utilized to observe gross fetal body movements before and after second-trimester amniocentesis. No significant differences were found between the two observation periods. All pregnancies continued to term, and no evidence of fetal trauma was found at delivery.

Amniocentesis↗
PubMed1980

Antepartum fetal evaluation: development of a fetal biophysical profile.

Five fetal biophysical variables, fetal breathing movements, fetal movements, fetal tone, qualitative amniotic fluid volume, and the nonstress test, were measured in the same observation period in 216 patients with high-risk pregnancies. All delivered within one week of the last observation. The relationship between individual biophysical variables and combinations of variables to the outcome of pregnancy as judged by five-minute Apgar score, fetal distress in labor, and perinatal mortality rate (PMN) was determined. For any single test, the false negative rate was low and was similar between tests, but the false positive rate was high (greater than 50%) and varied significantly between tests. Combining tests resulted in a significant change in both the false negative and false positive rates as compared to any single test. The most accurate differentiation of the normal from the compromised fetus was obtained when all five variables were studied. The PNM ranged from 0 when all variables were normal to 600 per 1,000 when all were abnormal. These data suggest that combined fetal biophysical testing is a more accurate method of antepartum fetal evaluation than any single method.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Fetal breathing movements and the nonstress test in high-risk pregnancies.

Three hundred ninety-eight observations of fetal breathing movements (FBM) and the nonstress test (NST) were made in 223 patients. The presence of FBM was noted in a significantly higher proportion of tests with a reactive NST (88%) than a nonreactive NST (67%). Conversely, a significantly higher proportion of tests were reactive when FBM were present (82.6%) than when FBM were absent (49%). A significant relationship existed betweeen either test and the outcome of pregnancy as judged by the five minute Apgar score or the incidence of fetal distress in labor. Combining two normal tests did not improve the accuracy in predicting outcome; but the combination of both tests, when abnormal, produced a significant improvement in predicting fetuses likely to have an abnormal outcome. The combination of the normal with the abnormal test had a predictive accuracy similar to a single normal test in predicting a normal five-minute Apgar. This combination was associated with an incidence of fetal distress in labor intermediate between that seen with either the normal or abnormal test when alone. Neither a single test nor the combination of tests was helpful in identifying the small-for-gestational age (SGA) infants. These data indicate antepartum fetal evaluation may be improved when more than one biophysical variable is used.

Apgar Score↗
PubMed1979

Fetal movements in human pregnancies in the third trimester.

Fetal movements (FM) were measured using a real-time B-scan method in 50 women in the third trimester. One hundred ninety-five observations were made. The number of FM per 20-minute observation period was similar in normal, diabetic, and hypertensive pregnancies and in patients with placenta previa, but was significantly lower in patients with Rh isoimmunization and an affected fetus. The number of FM did not vary with gestational age, mode of delivery, or birth weight and was significantly increased in patients either with a reactive nonstress test (NST) or in the presence of fetal breathing movements (FBM). Fetal movements were absent before delivery in 4 patients: In 3, the fetus died in utero and in the other a positive contraction stress test (CST) was observed. Conversely, in 2 other fetuses who died in utero, FM were observed during the last examination before death. In both, the cause of fetal death was related to an acute change. No relationship between FM and neonatal death was observed. These data suggest FM monitoring may be helpful in evaluating antepartum fetal condition.

Antibody Formation↗