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Biomedical subjects

L Swanson

Publications and source records attributed to L Swanson.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Pharmacokinetics, safety, and ability to diminish leukotriene synthesis by zileuton, an inhibitor of 5-lipoxygenase.

Zileuton is a potent and specific inhibitor of 5-lipoxygenase, the first dedicated enzyme in the metabolism of arachidonic acid to the leukotrienes. The leukotrienes have been implicated in numerous pathological conditions. Zileuton was given to normal human volunteers in single doses of 200 mg to 800 mg. Results of these studies indicated that zileuton was well absorbed orally with an elimination half-life of approximately 2.5 hours. Leukotriene B4 production by ex vivo calcium ionophone stimulated whole blood was inhibited by up to 80% of baseline and correlated with plasma concentrations. Zileuton did not significantly inhibit cyclooxygenase as demonstrated by thromboxane B2 levels. There were no safety concerns that would preclude development.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

A tissue-specific transcription factor containing a homeodomain specifies a pituitary phenotype.

Multiple related cis-active elements required for cell-specific activation of the rat prolactin gene appear to bind a pituitary-specific positive transcription factor(s), referred to as Pit-1. DNA complementary to Pit-1 mRNA, cloned on the basis of specific binding to AT-rich cell-specific elements in the rat prolactin and growth hormone genes, encodes a 33 kd protein with significant similarity at its carboxyl terminus to the homeodomains encoded by Drosophila developmental genes. Pit-1 mRNA is expressed exclusively in the anterior pituitary gland in both somatotroph and lactotroph cell types, which produce growth hormone and prolactin, respectively. Pit-1 expression in heterologous cells (HeLa) selectively activates prolactin and growth hormone fusion gene expression, suggesting that Pit-1 is sufficient to confer a characteristic pituitary phenotype. The structure of Pit-1 and its recognition elements suggests that metazoan tissue phenotype is controlled by a family of transcription factors that bind to related cis-active elements and contain several highly conserved domains.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1986

Coexistence of tyrosine hydroxylase and growth hormone-releasing factor in a subpopulation of tubero-infundibular neurons of the rat.

The distribution of growth hormone-releasing factor (GRF) and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), a marker for dopamine neurons in this region, was analyzed in the mediobasal hypothalamus with indirect immunofluorescence histochemistry and an elution-restaining procedure. TH-like immunoreactivity was present in most GRF-immunoreactive cells in the ventral part of the arcuate nucleus (ventral A12 dopamine cell group). Dopamine cells in the dorsal A12 group and, for example, in the hypothalamic A14 cell group seemed to lack GRF peptide. Partly overlapping GRF- and TH-immunoreactive fibers in the median eminence were observed, indicating possible coexistence of the two compounds also in nerve endings close to portal vessels. These findings suggest that a subpopulation of A12 dopamine neurons produces, stores and releases a GRF-like peptide. Possible interactions of GRF and dopamine in the control of growth hormone secretion are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Therapeutic perspectives on father-daughter incest.

In recent years it has become apparent that father-daughter incest is not an uncommon occurrence. Many social forces have conspired to maintain secrecy at both the family and societal levels. The authors examine the evolution of professional attitudes and understandings of incest, beginning with Freud's writings on the subject, and offer specific recommendations for clinicians working with incest victims and their families.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Telemetric electromyographic analysis of muscle transferred to the os calcis.

Fifteen inphase muscle transfers to the os calcis from 11 patients with lower motor neuron paralysis were evaluated by means of telemetric electromyography during ambulation. In five of the limbs thus evaluated, electromyographic activity was found to resemble that of the normal triceps surae and had relatively normal proximal muscles. In ten limbs, contraction of the transferred muscle preceded heel strike. This was attributed primarily to proximal muscle weakness, which necessitated premature firing to ensure early knee extension during stance and hence to prevent the knee from buckling during weight-bearing.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Effect of familiarity on primacy performance of normal and retarded children.

On the assumption that serial recall tasks reflect spatial memory rather than verbal rehearsal, the purpose of this experiment was to determine what effect stimulus familiarity had on the spatial primacy performance of 20 retarded and 20 normal boys and girls. Linear presentation effects of familiar and nonfamiliar pictures upon serial position curve performance when overt verbalization was suppressed were investigated. Results indicated that an interaction of stimulus familiarity and spatial memory is responsible for the primacy effect found in serial position curves. No primacy effect for either the normal or retardate group was found in the nonfamiliar stimulus condition. No overall developmental effects were found between groups of children on serial position performance. Consistent with Craik and Lockhart's memory processing model, the present results indicated stimulus familiarity provided deeper levels of processing, thereby facilitating primacy effects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Comparison of normal and learning disabled children on a nonverbal short-term memory serial position task.

A serial recall task was used to compare performance of 15 normal and 15 learning disabled elementary school children matched on CA, IQ, and sex with two and three dimensional representations of nonverbal eight-point shapes. Two a priori assumptions were not supported: (a) no differences in recall were found between groups and (b) no differences in recall were found for either group using two or three dimensional stimuli. Three dimensional stimuli did facilitate visual rehearsal at the primacy position for both groups. Learning disabled children's performance was consistent with the mediation deficiency hypothesis found with normal children.

Child↗