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Biomedical subjects

L Teppo

Publications and source records attributed to L Teppo.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Serum vitamin E, serum selenium and the risk of gastrointestinal cancer.

The association between levels of alpha-tocopherol and selenium in serum and subsequent risk of gastrointestinal cancer was investigated in a longitudinal study based on 36,265 Finnish men and women, aged 15-99 and initially free of cancer. Serum alpha-tocopherol and serum selenium levels at entry into the study were measured from stored serum samples of 150 incident gastrointestinal cancer cases diagnosed during a follow-up of 6-10 years and for 276 controls who were matched for sex, age and place of residence. Subjects with a low level of alpha-tocopherol or selenium had an elevated subsequent risk of cancer of the upper gastrointestinal tract. This association persisted among men after adjustment for various confounding factors and after the exclusion of those with cancer diagnosed during the first 2 years of follow-up. The relative risk of cancer of the upper gastrointestinal tract among men who fell in the lowest quintile of serum selenium was 3.3 (95% confidence limits, 1.3 and 9.1) while among those who fell in the 3 lowest quintiles of alpha-tocopherol it was 2.2 (95% confidence limits 0.9 and 5.6) compared with those in the higher quintiles. Serum levels of selenium or alpha-tocopherol in general were not inversely associated with colorectal cancer risk. These findings indicate that high selenium intake and possibly also high vitamin E intake, especially among men, may provide protection against cancer of the upper gastrointestinal tract but not against colorectal cancer.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Bone resection in patients with mandibular sarcoma.

Thirty-nine cases of mandibular sarcoma were reported to the Finnish Cancer Registry during the period 1953-1985. In 11 of these (nine osteosarcomas, one chondrosarcoma, one leiomyosarcoma), the pre- and postoperative radiographs were still available, and they were analyzed in order to evaluate the radicality of the primary surgical procedure in relation to recurrences during the follow-up. On the basis of several radiological details, the resection was considered inadequate in seven cases. One operation was probably inadequate because of rather scanty margins. In only three cases had an adequate primary resection with proper safety margins been performed. All of the seven patients with inadequate primary surgery had recurrence and five of them died of local disease or metastases, whereas only one of the three patients with adequate resection had recurrence in adjacent soft tissues. It is concluded, that radiological findings of mandibular sarcoma that often are missed include widening of the mandibular canal and disappearance of the lamina dura. Proper preoperative radiological examination resulting in more radical primary surgery would certainly decrease the recurrence and mortality rates in patients with mandibular sarcoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Serum vitamin E and risk of cancer among Finnish men during a 10-year follow-up.

The association between serum alpha-tocopherol levels and the subsequent incidence of cancer was investigated in a longitudinal study of 21,172 men initially aged 15-99 years in six geographic areas in Finland. The baseline examination was conducted in 1968-1972, and during the follow-up of 6-10 years, 453 cancers were diagnosed. The serum alpha-tocopherol levels were measured from stored serum samples from these men and from 841 male controls, matched for municipality and age, who did not develop cancer during the follow-up. The mean levels of serum alpha-tocopherol among the cancer cases and controls were 8.02 and 8.28 mg/liter, respectively. A high serum alpha-tocopherol level was associated with a reduced risk of cancer. The relative risk of cancer in persons in the two highest (threshold 8.70 mg/liter) quintiles of serum alpha-tocopherol was 0.64 (95 per cent confidence interval = 0.49-0.85) in comparison with those in the three lowest quintiles. The association was strongest for the combined group of cancers unrelated to smoking and varied between subgroups of the study population as well as between different cancers. The association persisted when adjusted for serum cholesterol, serum vitamin A, serum selenium, and various confounding factors. It also persisted when subjects with possible signs of cancer at the time when the blood samples were drawn or with cancers diagnosed during the first two years of follow-up were excluded. These findings agree with the hypothesis that high vitamin E intake protects against cancer.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Smoking and cardiac symptoms as predictors of lung cancer.

In 1962, a cohort of 4604 Finnish men was interviewed about their smoking habits and cardiorespiratory symptoms. The cohort was followed up for deaths and incidence of lung cancer from 1963 to 1980 in order to study the effect of smoking and cardiac symptoms on the incidence of lung cancer. When analyzed simultaneously with smoking, the symptoms of angina, possible infarction and shortness of breath were all significantly associated with increased lung cancer risk. For example, the RR of lung cancer among those with possible infarction was 2.4, when age and smoking were adjusted for, and 1.8, when additionally shortness of breath and angina-like chest pain were adjusted for. Among smokers of greater than or equal to 15 g/day, those with symptoms of angina displayed a considerable excess risk (RR 2.5). A broad range of impairments of the cardiopulmonary functions seem to be associated with the carcinogenic processes invoked by smoking.

Angina Pectoris↗
PubMed1987

The joint effect of smoking and respiratory symptoms on risk of lung cancer.

In 1962 a cohort of 4604 Finnish men were interviewed about their smoking habits and cardiorespiratory symptoms. The cohort was followed up for deaths and incidence of lung cancer from 1963 to 1980 in order to study the effect of smoking and respiratory symptoms on the risk of lung cancer. The joint effect of smoking, age and respiratory symptoms on the risk of lung cancer was studied using a log-linear modelling technique. When analysed simultaneously with smoking, the symptoms of phlegm, shortness of breath and wheezing were all significantly associated with increased lung cancer risk. The joint effect of smoking and phlegm as well as that of smoking and wheezing was close to being multiplicative. Even if smoking is a causative factor in both these symptoms and in lung cancer, the symptoms seem to have a separate role as predictors of lung cancer risk.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1987

Migration, marital status and smoking as risk determinants of cancer.

To study the importance of migration to urban area, marital status and smoking as risk factors in cancer, a cohort of 4,475 Finnish men was followed up for the occurrence of cancer during the period 1964-1980. Of particular interest was the interaction of migration or marital status with smoking. For cancers at all sites, not married urbanized smoking men had the greatest risk, followed by not married native urban smokers. This pattern was mainly due to high risk of cancers of the lung and larynx among the urbanized men, with a risk peak among urbanized not married smokers. The pattern persisted even when the amount smoked was allowed for. The importance in lung cancer epidemiology of vitamin A deficiency, occupation and psychosocial stress was discussed, and some support was found for the role of psychosocial stress in both the migration and the marital status factors.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Completeness and accuracy of registration of colorectal cancer in Finland.

The Finnish Cancer Registry notifications of colorectal cancer diagnosed in Finland in 1975 were compared against original patient records, and hospital archives were searched for unregistered cases. 1027 cases had been registered. 4.7% of them were erroneous: 1.6% had been diagnosed before or after 1975, 1.5% had no verifiable malignancy, and in 1.7% the correct primary site was other than the colorectum. Unregistered cases amounting to 1.2% of the total were found. Only one case was unknown to the Cancer Registry, the others had been inaccurately registered as to the site of tumour or date of diagnosis. The corrected age-adjusted incidence rate (males/females) of colon cancer was 8.2/8.6 and that of rectal cancer 9.1/6.1 per 100,000. In the light of the present study, cancer registry data in Finland offer a reliable basis for timetrends and international comparisons of incidence rates of colorectal cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Incidence of cancer in relation to place of residence, social class and occupation].

The variation in the incidence of cancer between geographic areas and socioeconomic classes is outlined. In many instances the differences in the incidence can be attributed to differences in life-style factors such as smoking, diet, sexual habits, and the reproductive history of women. The role of smoking as an explanator of the variation in the risk of lung cancer between occupational groups is emphasized.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Do the predictions for cancer incidence come true? Experience from Finland.

The observed occurrence of cancer in Finland in 1980 was compared with that predicted by extrapolation of the trends in cancer incidence by site in 1957 to 1968. The predictions had been constructed as 90% confidence intervals. Of the mutually exclusive 33 incidence predictions, 22 (67%) included the observed incidence rate. The incidence rate was successfully predicted for intestinal, pancreatic, and urinary cancers, as well as for lymphomas, whereas incidence forecasts concerning cancers of the lung, breast, and cervix uteri, and melanomas of the skin did not come true. The incidence of male lung cancer did not increase as was expected, breast cancer incidence increased even more than expected, and the decrease in the incidence of cervical cancer was steeper than expected. Because of failure in the population forecast, only 55% of the predictions (90% confidence intervals) for the numbers of new cancer cases included the observed number. For administrative purposes it would be important for the predictions to come true. On the other hand, the successes or failures of the predictions related to specific cancers may be used to study the effect of changes in etiologic factors, diagnostic methods, or the definition of cancer, as well as the effect of mass screening or other intervention measures upon the cancer incidence. Extrapolation as a method of forecasting cancer incidence is adequate as far as the control of random error is concerned when only short-term forecasts, ranging from 5 to 10 years, are needed.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Socioeconomic status and education as risk determinants of gastrointestinal cancer.

Standardized incidence ratios were calculated for cancers of the gastrointestinal tract in different socioeconomic and educational groups in Finland. The series constituted all patients with cancers of the esophagus, stomach, colon, rectum, liver (primary only), gallbladder, and pancreas recorded in the Finnish Cancer Registry in 1971-1975 (8,802 cases). Data on socioeconomic status and education were obtained from the records of the national census of December 31, 1970. Cancers of the colon and rectum were associated with high socioeconomic status and higher levels of education, cancers of the esophagus and stomach with lower classes. These associations are most likely to be mediated by dietary habits. No clear-cut association was found for other cancers.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Osteosarcoma of the mandible: analysis of nine cases.

A total of 16 cases of mandibular osteosarcoma were diagnosed histologically in Finland and reported to the Finnish Cancer Registry between 1953 and 1983. Review of the histologic slides confirmed the diagnosis in only nine cases. The overall five-year survival rate was 44%. Three patients who were free of clinical disease at the end of the follow-up period (mean, 9.9 years) either had tumors of low-grade malignancy (two cases) or had undergone prompt radical surgery (one case). The importance of radiography in the diagnosis of mandibular osteosarcoma is stressed, because the widening of the periodontal membrane spaces, the sunray effect, and the widening of the mandibular canal are almost pathognomonic for osteosarcoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Primary intraosseous carcinoma of the mandible.

The case of a 58-year-old man with a large primary intraosseous carcinoma (PIOC) of the mandible is presented. The tumour is rare, and the prognosis is usually poor. There are no specific histological characteristics of PIOC. Staining for basement membrane laminin could be a valuable aid in the differential diagnosis between PIOC and tumours of ameloblastoma origin.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1986

Mortality and cancer risk among workers exposed to man-made mineral fibers in Finland.

A cohort of 941 workers in the glass-wool producing industry in Finland was followed for deaths in 1953-1981, the mean duration of follow-up being 12.1 years. The overall mortality and mortality from individual causes of death did not differ significantly from those expected. Similarly, the cohort was followed for cancer incidence through the Finnish Cancer Registry. No excess cancer risks were observed. There were four cases of lung cancer versus 6.6 expected.

Construction Materials↗
PubMed1985

Age dependence of the west/east gradient in cardiovascular mortality of Finnish males.

A cohort of 4 475 Finnish men was followed up during 1964-80 in order to study regional differences in mortality from cardiovascular diseases, especially ischaemic heart disease (IHD). The west/east gradient in cardiovascular mortality recorded in several previous studies was greatly age-dependent. The excess eastern risk was a feature of younger age groups; with increasing age the risk pattern was reversed. The risk factors in IHD in eastern Finland have an element which somehow accelerates the process of this disease.

Adult↗