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L Terenius

Publications and source records attributed to L Terenius.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

A selective and extremely potent antagonist of the neurokinin-1 receptor.

Sendide [Tyr6,D-Phe7,D-His9]-substance P(6-11) has been examined by measurements of ligand binding to crude membrane fractions and by functional tests on the spinally mediated behavioral response. Sendide potently displaced [3H]-labeled substance P (SP) binding to mouse spinal cord membranes in a competitive manner. In vivo, sendide, intrathecally co-injected with SP, competitively antagonized SP-induced scratching, biting and licking. The behaviors elicited by physalaemin, septide and [Sar9, Met(O2)11]-SP were also reduced by co-administration of sendide. Large doses of sendide were needed to reduce the action of neurokinin A, D-septide, neurokinin B and eledoisin. The in vitro and in vivo pharmacological profile of sendide demonstrated that it is a selective and extremely potent antagonist of the neurokinin-1 receptor.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1992

Presence of a dynorphin-like peptide in a restricted subpopulation of catecholaminergic neurons in rat nucleus tractus solitarii.

Immunofluorescence colocalization techniques were used to examine the extent of coexistence of the endogenous opioid peptide dynorphin with catecholamines and the related opioid peptide enkephalin within neurons of the rat medulla oblongata. Immunoreactivities for dynorphin and the catecholamine-synthesizing enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase were found to coexist within a limited subpopulation of A2 catecholamine cells, localized to the medial nucleus of the nucleus tractus solitarii. Colocalization of the two opioid peptides was found mainly within perikarya situated in the medial and ventrolateral nuclei of the nucleus tractus solitarii. Triple-labeling studies revealed only rare cases of catecholamine/dynorphin/enkephalin coexistence. These data demonstrate that dynorphin is present within a restricted subpopulation of catecholamine neurons in the dorsal medulla oblongata. In addition, the content of either of the opioids enkephalin or dynorphin appears to distinguish subsets of medullary catecholamine neurons.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Reappearance of calcitonin gene-related peptide-like immunoreactivity in the dorsal horn in the long-term dorsal root transected rat.

Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-immunoreactive (IR) fibers in the rat dorsal horn superficial laminae vanish almost completely 3 weeks following unilateral dorsal rhizotomy. After a prolonged survival (20 weeks) of dorsal rhizotomy there is, however, a reappearance of CGRP-IR fibers in the corresponding laminae of the dorsal horn. The density of such IR fibres showed a clear gradient with the lowest number found in the midlesion region and an increase in density towards the neighboring, intact segments. In normal as well as lesioned rats, no neurons intrinsic to the dorsal horn contained detectable levels of CGRP-like immunoreactivity (LI). Furthermore, no cells could, by use of in situ hybridization, be demonstrated to contain detectable levels of mRNA encoding for CGRP in the dorsal horn. Based on these findings, we suggest that the CGRP-IR fibers observed following long-term survival of dorsal rhizotomy derive from proliferating collateral branches of primary afferents of neighboring intact segments.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Substance P, thyrotropin-releasing hormone, and monoamine metabolites in cerebrospinal fluid in sleep apnea patients.

The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentrations of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), substance P (SP), 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), homovanillic acid (HVA), and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl glycol (MHPG) were measured in 15 consecutive patients with the sleep apnea syndrome (SAS) and in healthy control subjects. Second measurements were performed 6 months after surgical treatment in 10 of the patients. The mean (+/- SD) concentration of TRH-like immunoreactive material (TRH-LIM) (pg/ml) did not differ significantly between patients with SAS (8.1 +/- 2.8) and control subjects (7.5 +/- 2.2). However, postoperatively, this concentration was increased in the six clinically cured patients with SAS, from 6.9 +/- 2.7 to 9.4 +/- 1.6 (p less than 0.03). Substance P-like immunoreactive material (SP-LIM) was higher in untreated patients with SAS than in control subjects: 19.2 +/- 6.7 versus 14.4 +/- 4.2 fmol/ml (p less than 0.02), and the level remained high after operation in the group treated surgically. The HVA, 5-HIAA, and MHPG concentrations were similar in patients with SAS and control subjects, and no consistent changes were found postoperatively. The CSF deviations in TRH-LIM and SP-LIM concentrations in the patients may reflect a primary central nervous system defect or they may be secondary to intermittent nocturnal hypoxia, progressive hypercapnia, and/or sleep fragmentation. In this sense, both these systems may be markers of SAS-SP as a "trait" marker and TRH as an indicator of the current state.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Enkephalin levels decrease in rat striatum during morphine abstinence.

Male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with morphine for 11 days. Saline-injected animals served as controls. The striatal enkephalin levels were measured with a radioimmunoassay 2, 24 and 48 h after withdrawal. There was no change 2 h after the last morphine injection, but a marked reduction after 24 h and a slight decrease after 48 h. No decrease in enkephalin levels was found 12 and 24 h after a single dose of 20 mg/kg morphine.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Ibotenic acid-induced neuronal degeneration: a morphological and neurochemical study.

Possible neurotoxic actions of intracerebral injections of ibotenic acid, a conformationally restricted analogue of glutamic acid, have been evaluated in rat brain and compared with those of kainic acid. Light microscopical analysis revealed that ibotenic acid produced a marked disappearance of nerve cells in all areas studied, namely striatum, the hippocampal formation, substantia nigra and piriform cortex. Lesions in areas distant to the injection site were not seen. Axons of passage and nerve terminals of extrinsic origin did not seem to be damaged, since, e.g., no apparent degeneration of the dopaminergic terminals in the neostriatum was observed except for a small area surrounding the cannula. In the neostriatum, enkephalin immunoreactive neuronal cell bodies as well as nerve terminals disappeared after injection of ibotenic acid into this nucleus. After injection into the substantia nigra tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactive cell bodies in the zona compacta disappeared, whereas no certain effect could be seen on the enkephalin immunoreactive nerve fibers. In vitro experiments, conducted with striatal synaptosomal and membrane preparations, showed that ibotenic acid differed from kainic acid by being devoid of a significant inhibitory effect on high affinity glutamate uptake and by having a low affinity for 3H-kainic acid binding sites. Furthermore, ibotenic acid did not interfere with the binding of a number of radioligands for other transmitter receptors. As compared to kainic acid, ibotenic acid has the advantage of being less toxic to the animals and of producing more discrete lesions, possibly due to faster metabolism and/or other fundamental biochemical differences. Because of these special features, ibotenic acid seems to represent a valuable new tool in the morphological and functional analysis of central neuronal systems.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Personality traits in chronic pain patients related to endorphin levels in cerebrospinal fluid.

Interindividual differences in endorphin levels may relate to widespread changes in adaptive processes, and endorphin levels may thus be related to personality traits. In 40 patients with chronic pain syndromes of both psychogenic and organic origin, endorphin levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were determined, and the patients completed Eysenck's Personality Inventory (EPI) and the Cesarek Marke Personality Scheme. Twenty-seven of the patients also completed the Zuckerman Sensation Seeking Scale (SSS). As a comparison group 30 healthy volunteers completed the personality inventories. The chronic pain patients were characterized by guilt feelings, need for order, low need for autonomy, and low tendency toward sensation seeking. Low levels of endorphins in CSF were found in patients with high scores on all the subscales in the SSS and low scores on the neuroticism subscale in the EPI.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Enkephalin- and somatostatin-like immunoreactivities in human adrenal medulla and pheochromocytoma.

By using the Coons indirect immunofluorescence technique, enkephalin-like immunoreactivity with a granular localization was observed in human adrenal medullary gland cells and pheochromocytomas. In two of the tumors and in a few adrenal gland cells, a somatostatin-like peptide could also be identified. Catecholamine cell types were visualized on adjacent sections with antisera to the synthesizing enzymes dopamine-beta-hydroxylase [DBH; dopamine beta-monooxygenase; 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethylamine, ascorbate: oxygen oxidoreductase (beta-hydroxylating), EC 1.14.17.1] and phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase (PNMT; noradrenalin N-methyltransferase; S-adenosyl-L-methionine:phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase, EC 2.1.1.28). In the normal adrenal medulla more DBH- than PNMT-immunoreactive gland cells were observed. In the adrenal pheochromocytoma both DBH- and PNMT-positive cells were seen, whereas the two extra-adrenal tumors contained only DBH. These findings correlated well with plasma catecholamine measurements. Finally, enkephalin immunoreactive fibers and somatostatin immunoreactive cells were observed in a sympathetic ganglion extirpated together with one of the tumors.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1979

Endorphins in CSF of chronic pain patients, in relation to augmenting-reducing response in visual averaged evoked response.

In 45 consecutive patients with chronic pain, visual averaged evoked responses (VAER) and the levels of fraction 1 endorphins in CSF were investigated. Patients with an augmenter response in VAER, i.e. the maximum amplitude increases when stimulus intensity is increased, were found to have significantly lower levels of fraction 1 endorphins than patients with a reducer response, i.e. the maximum amplitude in VAER decreases when stimulus intensity is increased. The results indicate that the endorphins function as endogenous antinociceptive factors.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Substance P-, VIP-, and enkephalin-like immunoreactivity in the human vagus nerve.

The human vagus nerve has been investigated for the presence of substance P (SP), vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), and enkephalin (ENK) using immunohistochemistry. After 0.5-4 hr of nerve ligation during surgical operations two right thoracic main truncs, two anterior subdiaphragmal trunks, and four anterior nerves of Latarjet were found to contain accumulation of immunoreactive material in nerve fibers above the ligation. Very high numbers of SP-, medium numbers of ENK-, and low number of VIP-immunoreactive fibers were seen. The relative proportions were similar at all levels studied. These data thus indicate the presence and axonal transport of SP-, ENK-, and VIP-like peptides in the human vagus nerve. Our observations in humans correlate well with results obtained from other species. Thus gastrointestinal vagal sensory mechanisms may be mediated by SP (and possibly VIP) and some motor mechanisms by ENK.

Endorphins↗