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Biomedical subjects

L Theilmann

Publications and source records attributed to L Theilmann.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Follow-up of patients with hepatitis non-A, non-B: incidence and persistence of anti-HCV depend on route of transmission.

Of 32 patients with non-A, non-B hepatitis, 10 (31%) were still anti-HCV-positive 12.8 years after the acute phase of the disease. Seven of the patients (21.9%) still had elevated ALT levels, and among these, 5 out of 5 patients who had been subject to parenteral risk were anti-HCV-positive. In contrast, none of the patients who had not been subject to parenteral risks were positive.

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMed1992

Immunogenicity, reactogenicity and consistency of a new, inactivated hepatitis A vaccine--a randomized multicentre study with three consecutive vaccine lots.

We investigated immunogenicity, reactogenicity and consistency of three consecutive lots of an inactivated hepatitis A vaccine in 204 seronegative volunteers. Each volunteer received a total of three doses of vaccine (720 EIU) according to a 0, 1 month primary vaccination schedule with a booster dose given at month 6. Mild, moderate and mostly local side effects were reported in 49.7% after the first and in less than 30% after the third injection. Seroconversion rate after one vaccine dose was as high as 91%. All subjects but one had already seroconverted by 1 month after the second injection, corresponding to a seroconversion rate of 99%. The geometric mean titres (GMT) increased with each dose of vaccine administered. Our results show that this inactivated hepatitis A vaccine is highly immunogenic, safe and well tolerated. Furthermore, there were no significant differences between the three vaccine lots in respect to seroconversion rate, size of antibody titre or reactogenicity.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1992

Hepatitis A vaccination: schedule for accelerated immunization.

Hepatitis A vaccine, strain HM175, was investigated for immunogenicity and tolerability in a prospective multicentre trial. The following vaccination schedules and antigen contents were evaluated: days 0 and 14 with 720 ELISA units (El.U) of antigen, days 0 and 28 with 720 El.U and days 0 and 28 with 360 El.U. In all study groups, the seroconversion rates following two vaccinations were between 95 and 100%. Higher geometric mean concentrations of antibody to hepatitis A virus (anti-HAV) were reached by the vaccine containing 720 El.U of HAV antigen. The vaccine was equally well tolerated in all groups. In addition, an abbreviated schedule, in which 720 El.U of HAV antigen was given on days 0 and 14, resulted in 100% seroconversion by day 28 and a level of anti-HAV that was substantially higher than that observed after passive immunization. This implies that such a vaccine could replace immune globulin administration if time permits.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Reactogenicity and immunogenicity of three different lots of a hepatitis A vaccine.

To study the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of an inactivated hepatitis A vaccine, 204 healthy individuals were randomized into three equal groups, each to receive a different vaccine lot. Each subject received a total of three doses, each of 720 ELISA units of hepatitis A vaccine HM175, according to a 0 and 1 month primary vaccination schedule, with a booster dose given at month 6. Side effects were low and were < 30% after the second injection. All subjects but one had antibodies to hepatitis A virus two months after the first dose of vaccine. At month 6 all vaccinees had seroconverted. There were no differences between the three vaccine lots with respect to side effects, seroconversion rates and geometric mean titre of antibodies. We conclude that the three lots of inactivated hepatitis A vaccine are safe, well tolerated and equally immunogenic.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Role of hepatitis C virus infection in German patients with fulminant and subacute hepatic failure.

To investigate the possible role of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in fulminant and subacute liver failure, we tested serum and liver of 13 patients undergoing orthotopic liver transplantation for the presence of HCV RNA. HCV RNA was detected in specimens from two out of eight patients negative for all viral markers with suspected hepatitis non-A, non-B infection and in one out of four patients with hepatitis B virus infection. Only in this patient replication of HCV could be demonstrated. We conclude, that fulminant and subacute hepatic failure is induced by hepatitis C virus only in few patients with hepatitis non-A, non-B.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Liver transplantation for acute or chronic liver failure by hepatitis non-A, non-B and hepatitis C viral infections: a postoperative follow-up.

Orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) was performed for liver failure related to hepatitis non-A, non-B (HNANB) or hepatitis C (HCV) infections in 12 patients. Of those, 8 patients had chronic and 4 acute hepatic failure. To determine the incidence of recurrent infection, the clinical course, histological findings and serological HCV markers (HCV-RNA and detection of anti HCV antibodies, respectively) were comparatively studied in these patients. Recurrent infection was apparent in 5 of 6 patients transplanted for liver cirrhosis attributable to chronic HCV infection and with HCV-RNA detectable in serum. The clinical course of infection after OLT varied considerably. Chronic active hepatitis, progressing to liver cirrhosis 13 months postoperatively and an acute hepatitis, resolving spontaneously were seen in one case each. Recurrent infection led to chronic persistent hepatitis in the remainder. None of the patients with acute liver failure experienced recurrent infection. HCV-RNA was detectable in all the patients after OLT, with HCV-RNA present pretransplant, however the presence of HCV-RNA in serum was not necessarily associated with clinical illness.

Budd-Chiari Syndrome↗
PubMed1992

[Liver transplantation after trans-jugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent shunt].

Every third patient with parenchymal liver disease bleeds from esophageal varices. Treatment of this complication is of special interest with regard to liver transplantation which may become necessary later on. The mesocaval H-shunt excluded, surgical shunting results in technical and hemodynamic problems during transplantation. They may be avoided by the new approach of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent shunt (TIPSS). We report our experience with liver transplantation in two patients after TIPSS.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Colchicine in toxic liver cirrhosis and primary biliary cirrhosis].

In animals, colchicine has been shown hepatoprotective, which is related to its anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory effect. In man, colchicine has been used for the treatment of alcoholic liver disease and primary biliary cirrhosis. Although controlled trials observed an improvement of liver function tests under colchicine, the survival rate in most studies was only slightly improved without reaching statistical significance. Therefore, at present, no final evaluation of colchicine for the treatment of alcoholic liver diseases and primary biliary cirrhosis can be given.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Production of 22 nm HBsAG particles by human lymphocytes infected with a recombinant vaccinia virus containing the coding sequence for hepatitis B virus surface antigen.

To examine the possible role of lymphocytes in the course of hepatitis B virus infection, we studied peripheral blood lymphocytes and Epstein-Barr virus transformed B-cells for their capability to produce hepatitis B virus gene products. Infection of these cells with a recombinant vaccinia virus containing the hepatitis B virus surface antigen resulted in the production and secretion of hepatitis B virus surface antigen shortly after infection reaching a peak after three days. When the supernatants of the cells were analyzed on density gradients, a peak of reactivity for hepatitis B virus surface antigen was reached at 1.21 g/cm3. Electron microscopy revealed the presence of spherical and filamentous HBsAg particles. These findings show that human lymphocytes are capable of producing hepatitis B virus surface antigen.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1991

Uptake of bilirubin glucuronides by isolated rat hepatocytes.

The uptake of bilirubin diglucuronide (BDG) into isolated rat hepatocytes was investigated in order to characterize the mechanism by which bile pigments are transported by the liver. The BDG uptake by hepatocytes was saturable. The uptake was inhibited by bilirubin, sulfobromophthalein, and bilirubin monoglucuronide, but not by taurocholate. The uptake was not affected by replacement of sodium with other cations except for choline. Only when sodium was replaced with choline, was significant decrease in uptake observed. When chloride was replaced with nitrate, BDG uptake decreased, but it was not changed by replacement with sulfate. Metabolic inhibitors did not affect BDG uptake significantly. Thus bile pigments share a common sodium-independent and electrogenic potential-dependent transporter in liver cell membranes. A high concentration of albumin interferes with BDG uptake.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Biliary secretion of bile acids, lipids, and bilirubin by the transplanted liver. A quantitative study in patients on cyclosporine.

To investigate biliary secretion in liver-transplanted patients on cyclosporine treatment we used duodenal perfusion with a nonabsorbable marker. After an overnight fast, 4 women and 5 men were studied for 6 hr at least 6 weeks after orthotopic liver transplantation. The data were compared with those obtained in 6 healthy controls. All transplanted patients received immunosuppressive therapy (corticosteroids, azathioprine, and cyclosporine). Biliary secretion rates of healthy controls were: bile acids 1.58 +/- 0.67 mmol/hr, phospholipids 0.27 +/- 0.11 mmol/hr, cholesterol 0.11 +/- 0.01 mmol/hr, and bilirubin 18 +/- 0.7 mumol/hr (mean +/- SEM). Liver-transplanted patients excreted 2.60 +/- 0.4 mmol/hr bile acids, 0.56 +/- 0.08 mmol/hr phospholipids, 0.18 +/- 0.04 mmol/hr cholesterol, and 22.0 +/- 4.5 mumol/hr bilirubin. Analysis of individual bile acids revealed that in the bile of liver transplant patients the percentage of cholic acid was elevated, whereas that of deoxycholic acid was reduced as compared with controls. These findings indicate that in the transplanted liver under immunosuppressive therapy with cyclosporine biliary secretion of bile acids, lipids, and bilirubin is not reduced.

Adult↗