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Biomedical subjects

L Thompson

Publications and source records attributed to L Thompson.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

The BULIT-R: its reliability and clinical validity as a screening tool for DSM-III-R bulimia nervosa in a female tertiary education population.

The Bulimia Test (BULIT) has been updated to accommodate the DSM-III-R criteria for bulimia nervosa. Therefore, in this study, we evaluated the psychometric properties of the BULIT-R using a sample of young women at a tertiary educational institute. The results showed all 28 BULIT-R items correlated highly with the total test score (average = .59) and the internal reliability was high (.92). In terms of its concurrent validity, the BULIT-R correlated highly (.90) with the Bulimia Investigatory Test Edinburgh (BITE), a screening measure argued to detect bulimia nervosa. In terms of criterion-related validity, the optimal cutoff for the BULIT-R as a screening measure was 98 with this sample, using a semistructured DIS-III R interview administered by experienced clinicians who specialize in eating disorders. At this cutoff, the sensitivity was 100%, the specificity 99.0%, the negative predictive value 100%, and the positive predictive value 71.3%.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Aggressive behaviors among the institutionalized elderly.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the incidence and characteristics of aggressive behaviors in a group of institutionalized elderly. DESIGN: Retrospective survey. SETTING: 350-bed, urban skilled nursing facility. PATIENTS: All nursing home residents who had an incident report completed after an aggressive behavior. MEASUREMENTS: Examination of all incident reports of aggressive behavior for 1 year. RESULTS: There were 94 reports of aggressive behaviors. Twenty-nine residents exhibited one aggressive behavior, 12 residents two, and six residents exhibited three or more aggressive behaviors. These six residents accounted for 44% of all events. The incidence of aggressive behavior was 0.27 per resident per year for the entire facility; on the Alzheimer's unit the incidence was 0.75 per resident per year. Sixty-two percent of the victims of aggressive behavior were other nursing home residents, 37% were employees, and 1% were visitors. The charts of the six residents with three or more aggressive behaviors were reviewed. These residents received trials of multiple scheduled psychotropic medications, often exhibited several additional agitated behaviors around the time of the attack, were at risk for psychiatric hospitalizations during the study period, and often were noted to have underlying acute medical illnesses near the time of the attack. CONCLUSION: Approximately two aggressive behaviors per week occurred in a large nursing home. Residents and staff of Alzheimer's units have a higher risk of being victims of aggressive behavior. A small number of patients account for nearly half of the behaviors, even on the Alzheimer's unit. Aggressive behaviors may be clinical indicators of underlying acute medical illnesses.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1993

[Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome].

We report a 28 year old heterosexual male with AIDS that presented with progressive motor disturbances and malaise. Light and transmission electron microscopy of a stereotaxic brain biopsy demonstrated a progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. This is a demyelinating infectious cerebral disease attributed to JC virus and must be considered in the differential diagnosis of central nervous system disturbances in AIDS patients.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1992

Changes in grief and mental health of bereaved spouses of older suicides.

Comparisons are made of the impact of a suicide death on the surviving spouse (55 years and older) with that of a natural death on spouse survivors and a married nonbereaved control group over a bereavement period of 2 1/2 years after death. Regardless of mode of death, the loss of a loved one is a difficult psychological trauma, accompanied by depression, confusion, and pervasive feelings of emptiness. Few differences in the impact of the deaths in the early months of bereavement were reported, but changes appeared over the course of the 2 1/2-year measurement period. Compared with natural death survivors, the process of bereavement was found to be more difficult for the survivors of a suicide death, whose severe depressive feelings do not seem to lessen significantly and whose feelings of mental health do not seem to improve until after the first year. Women, in general, report greater feelings than men of anxiety, tension, and apprehension, especially within the first 6 months. By the end of the observation period, most of the differences between the two bereaved groups have disappeared, and both report functioning adequately despite continuing feelings of sadness and loss.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Evaluation of pulmonary complications after bone marrow transplantation: the role of pretransplant pulmonary function tests.

To determine whether an association exists between abnormal pulmonary function tests (PFT) before bone marrow transplantation (BMT) and the rate of pulmonary complications after BMT, we retrospectively reviewed all transplants performed in our center between March 1984 and December 1990. A total of 163 patients, 15 years of age and older, with a hematologic malignancy or a solid tumor were treated with intensive therapy and autologous (118) or allogeneic (55) BMT. Sixty patients (37%) developed a pulmonary complication which contributed to patient death in 29 transplants (18%). Patients with pulmonary metastases, prior thoracotomy, or prior radiation to the chest had a higher frequency of abnormal PFT. By univariate analysis, patients with abnormal FVC, FEV1, or TLC before BMT had a significantly increased rate of pulmonary complications (p < 0.005). By multivariate analysis, the rate of pulmonary complications was significantly associated (p = 0.004) with abnormal FEV1 only: in the first 2 months after transplantation the rate was 65% in patients with FEV1 < 70% in contrast to 34% in patients with FEV1 > or = 70% (risk ratio = 1.9). There was no association, however, between abnormal pretransplant PFT and fatal pulmonary complications. We conclude that patients with pretransplant ventilatory defects have a higher risk of pulmonary complications after BMT, but the incidence of fatal complications was not significantly increased, although we cannot exclude a diminished study power due to the sample size. We believe that patients with abnormal PFT should not be excluded from transplantation if the anticipated anti-tumor effect is estimated to be substantial, but additional preventive measures may be necessary.

Adolescent↗