Small-molecule selectin inhibitor protects against liver inflammatory response after ischemia and reperfusion.
BACKGROUND: The selectin family of adhesion molecules plays a key role in the neutrophil-mediated injury observed after ischemia and reperfusion. In our study, we investigated the effects of TBC-1269, a novel small-molecule, nonoligosaccharide inhibitor of P-, E-, and L-selectin binding, in the liver inflammatory response after 90 minutes of warm ischemia. STUDY DESIGN: Total liver ischemia was produced in Sprague-Dawley rats for 90 minutes using an extracorporeal portosystemic shunt. The animals were divided into five groups including: the sham (group 1), ischemic control (group 2) receiving only the vehicle, and the treated groups receiving TBC-1269 at a dose of 25 mg/kg at different times of administration: 15 minutes before reperfusion (group 3), at reperfusion (group 4), and 15 minutes after reperfusion (group 5). The following indices were analyzed: 7-day survival, liver injury tests, liver tissue myeloperoxidase as an index of neutrophil infiltration, and liver histology. RESULTS: TBC-1269 treated groups experienced a significant increase in survival compared with controls. Best overall survival, 70%, was observed when TBC-1269 (Texas Biotechnology Corporation, Houston, TX) was administered 15 minutes before reperfusion (p < 0.05). This group also showed a marked decrease (p < 0.05) in liver enzyme levels at 6 hours after reperfusion. Neutrophil migration was also significantly ameliorated (81%), as reflected by decreased myeloperoxidase levels. We observed improved histologic damage scores in the treated group compared with controls (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: A small-molecule selectin inhibitor (TBC-1269) had a protective effect in livers subjected to 90 minutes of warm hepatic ischemia and 6 hours of reperfusion by decreasing neutrophil infiltration, migration and subsequent tissue damage. The best protective effect was achieved when the compound was administered 15 minutes before reperfusion. These findings offer a new therapeutic alternative for protection against ischemia and reperfusion injury.