PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

L V Crowley

Publications and source records attributed to L V Crowley.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1986

Chronic parietal cell dysfunction after reversal of gastric bypass.

A middle-aged woman developed a postgastric bypass megaloblastic anemia which responded to treatment. She eventually had the bypass reversed 6 1/2 yr after it had been performed. Gastric parietal cell function has remained abnormal almost 3 yr after reversal of the bypass, as demonstrated by abnormal Schilling tests and high serum gastrin levels. Parietal cell antibodies in high titer, but no intrinsic factor antibodies, were demonstrated in her blood. These observations are interpreted as indicating the development of irreversible chronic atrophic gastritis probably related to reflux of bile into the bypassed stomach.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Late effects of gastric bypass for obesity.

We studied 41 patients who had gastric bypass for obesity from 1974-1979. The procedure was well received by patients and most achieved adequate weight loss, but most subjects consumed inadequate diets and many developed iron and/or vitamin B12 deficiencies. Ten were anemic and 13 had been treated previously for postbypass anemia. Severely vitamin B12-deficient subjects did not respond to 50 micrograms oral vitamin B12 tablets, but those with milder deficiencies usually did. Schilling tests were usually abnormal and corrected when intrinsic factor was given. Many subjects developed manifestations compatible with osteoporosis due to inadequate calcium intake and absorption, and some also developed abnormal laboratory tests suggesting coexisting osteomalacia. Hematopoietic complications of gastric bypass can usually be prevented and are relatively easy to treat, but musculoskeletal complications may be more difficult to prevent and treat.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Megaloblastic anemia after gastric bypass for obesity.

A megaloblastic anemia occurred in a middle-aged woman 6 years after a gastric bypass performed for obesity. Marked deficiencies of both vitamin B12 and folic acid were demonstrated. The Schilling test revealed that the vitamin B12 deficiency was due primarily to inadequate intrinsic factor. Vitamin and mineral deficiencies are relatively common long-term complications in gastric bypass patients, and result from multiple factors including restricted food intake, inadequate gastric digestion, and inadequate intrinsic factor. Bypass patients should receive vitamin-mineral supplements routinely and should have long-term periodic clinical and laboratory evaluation in order to prevent late hematological complications.

Anemia, Macrocytic↗
PubMed1977

Effects of enviromental temperature and femoral fracture on wound healing in rats.

Femoral fracture, unilateral and bilateral, impaired the healing of dorsal skin incisions and formation of reparative granulation tissue in subcutaneously implanted polyvinyl alcohol sponges judged histologically and by breaking strengths and hydroxyproline contents, respectively, 1 week after injury in pair-fed rats kept at 22 degrees C. When rats were transferred to a room at 30 degrees C immediately after skin incision and sponge implants, with or without unilateral fracture, no differences in healing were observed between the two groups. Rats with skin incision, sponge implants, and either femoral fracture or sham-fracture excreted more urinary nitrogen than preoperatively when kept at 22 degrees. Counterpart groups transferred to a 30 degrees room right after operation excreted less urinary nitrogen than preoperatively, but because of lower food intakes postoperatively, the ratio of urinary nitrogen to food intake nitrogen was increased. With equivalent food intakes, pair-fed rats with fracture kept at 22 degrees postoperatively lost more weight and excreted more nitrogen than corresponding rats transfered to a 30 degrees room.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Effects of testosterone propionate and environmental temperature on nitrogen balance and wound healing of rats with and without femoral fracture.

Testosterone exerted a sparing effect on nitrogen urinary excretion and balance in pair-fed rats with femoral fracture, dorsal skin incision, and subcutaneously implanted polyvinyl alcohol sponges, whether kept at 22 or 30 degrees C for 1 week postoperatively. No difference in 14-or 21-day wounds was observed among rats with dorsal skin incision and sponge implants, kept at 22 degrees, and starting immediately after operation, given daily IM injections of either 3 mg or 1 mg testosterone propionate in peanut oil, compared with similarly wounded rats given saline or peanut oil injections. Wound healing was impaired in rats kept at 22 degrees for 7 days following a skin incision, sponge implants, and femoral fracture. Testosterone administration begun immediately after operation, 2 mg/day subcutaneously, did not improve the impaired healing of pair-fed rats with fracture compared with rats without fracture. There was somewhat less collagen and a higher ratio of ground substance to collagen in the skin incisions and sponge granulomas of the testosterone group. No differences in wound healing were observed in pair-fed rats moved to a 30 degrees room postoperatively, among rats with or without fracture, nor among rats with femoral fracture given testosterone or saline subcutaneously.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Influence of vitamin A on wound healing in rats with femoral fracture.

Groups of healthy wounded rats with and without comminuted femoral fractures, and maintained on nutritionally complete commercial rat chow with and without supplemental vitamin A, were studied. The test wounds were standard dorsal skin incisions and s.c. polyvinyl alcohol sponge implants. In some experiments the rats were pair-fed; the rats with femoral fracture not receiving supplemental vitamin A were the lead group for determining food allowanced. In other experiments, the rats were allowed food ad libitum. We found that wound healing of rats with femoral fracture was increased when supplemental vitamin A was given, but the supplemental vitamin A did not completely obviate the adverse effects of fracture. The ratio of the breaking strengths of the skin incisions after formalin fixation to the breaking strengths of the incisions in the fresh state was higher in the unsupplemented rats, supporting the results of our earlier experiments that vitamin A increases the rate of collagen cross-linking.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1974

Chemical debridement of burns.

The development of effective, non-toxic (local and systemic) methods for the rapid chemical (enzymatic and non-enzymatic) debridement of third degree burns would dramatically reduce the morbidity and mortality of severely burned patients. Sepsis is still the major cause of death of patients with extensive deep burns. The removal of the devitalized tissue, without damage to unburned skin or skin only partially injured by burning, and in ways which would permit immediate (or very prompt) skin grafting, would lessen substantially the problems of sepsis, speed convalescence and the return of these individuals to society as effective human beings, and would decrease deaths. The usefulness and limitations of surgical excision for patients with extensive third degree burns are discussed. Chemical debridement lends itself to complementary use with surgical excision and has the potential advantage over surgical excision in not requiring anesthesia or a formal surgical operation. The authors' work with the chemical debridement of burns, in particular the use of Bromelain, indicates that this approach will likely achieve clinical usefulness. The experimental studies indicate that rapid controlled debridement, with minimal local and systemic toxicity, is possible, and that effective chemotherapeutic agents may be combined with the Bromelain without either interfering with the actions of the other. The authors believe that rapid (hours) debridement accomplished by the combined use of chemical debriding and chemotherapeutic agents will obviate the possibility of any increase in infection, caused by the use of chemical agents for debridement, as reported for Paraenzyme(21) and Travase.(39,48) It is possible that the short term use of systemic antibiotics begun just before and continued during, and for a short time after, the rapid chemical debridement may prove useful for the prevention of infection, as appears to be the case for abdominal operations of the clean-contaminated and contaminated types.

Animals↗