[Disorders in the immune regulation and hemostasis as factors triggering the proliferative retinopathy in diabetes mellitus].
A comprehensive clinical- immunological- and-hemostasiological study of the lachrymal fluid and blood of 105 patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR) showed that an "extreme" activity of the local antibody-dependent response to collagens, DNA, cytokine, TNF-alpha, increased levels of the circulating immune complexes (CIC) and of antibodies to DNA in the blood serum as well as local immune insufficiency and deficiency of free antibodies to collagens and TNF-alpha in the lachrymal fluid and serum during the onset of proliferative forms and traction retinal detachment are the key manifestations of the immune pathology in a progressing DR. Signs of hypercoagulation, free heparin deficiency, a reduced activity of fibrinolysis and insufficiency of the anti-thrombin system were detected with the development of the chronic syndrome of disseminated intravascular blood coagulation. Trends of the immunohemostatic correction of the activity of the local and systemic autoimmune responses and of hemostasis were substantiated during the generally accepted therapy of diabetes mellitus and of systemic micro- and-macroangiopathy.