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Biomedical subjects

L V Krivosheeva

Publications and source records attributed to L V Krivosheeva.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Carcinogenic components of smokeless tobacco and tobacco-free cigarettes].

The investigation deals with an assessment of carcinogenicity and mutagenicity of samples of smokeless tobacco now on the Russian market as well as ash from alternative cigarettes made of aromatic herbs. Our data showed that the levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, volatile and tobacco-specific N-nitrosoamines complied with the standards in the producer-countries. Smokeless tobacco extracts failed to show (Ames) any mutagenic effects such as the "read-out frame shift" or "base-pair replacement" patterns. No tobacco-specific N-nitrosoamines were identified in herbal cigarettes. However, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and volatile N-nitrosoamines content appeared to be identical to that of tobacco. Herbal cigarette smoke extracts mutagenicity induced by side-effects of carcinogenic substances was of similar magnitude as well.

Carcinogens↗
PubMed1996

[Urban air pollution by carcinogenic N-nitrosamines].

Moscow is used as an example to discuss the problem of urban atmospheric pollution by carcinogenic N-nitrosamines. An analytical method is proposed, which is based on the use of a Russian gas chromatograph compatible with a chemiluminescence detector, that is a TEA thermal energy analyzer (USA) having some modifications to reduce the time of analysis and loss during sample pretreatment. The minimal detected concentration is 3 ng/m3 for 2-hour sampling. The method identifies and quantifies 7 volatile N-nitrosamines: N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), N-nitrosodiethylamine, N-nitrosodibutylamine, N-nitrosodipropylamine, N-nitrosopiperidine, N-nitrosopyrrolidine, N-nitrosomorpholine. The pollution of the Moscow air was evaluated in the center of Moscow (30-60 ng/m3 for NDMA), in the industrial emission area (as high as several hundred ng/m3, and in the heavy traffic area (100 ng/m3 or more). It is proposed to study the working area for rubber and tire industries, to establish nitrosamine tolerances for these industries and maximum allowable discharge concentrations in the urban air and to monitor these parameters.

Air Pollutants↗
PubMed1993

[Carcinogenic N-nitrosamines in the tire industry].

The level of volatile carcinogenic N-nitrosamines (NA) was studied in the air of various technological sites of tyre production. Reported total levels of NA in air exceeded MACs set in certain countries for the same enterprises. For example, German total MAC for 12 carcinogenic NA is 1 g/m3. N-nitrosomorpholine appeared to have the highest level (91 g/m3), probably, because its derivatives are used as raw material for technological process. Relative rate of volatile NA release from rubber samples containing 4-nitrosodiphenylamine (modifier) was studied. The parameter was reported to have no influence on NA outlet in conditions simulating technological process. NA was detected by means of gas chromatography with thermal energy detector TEA 502A provided by Thermo Electron Corporation, USA. The article necessitates regulation of NA in tyre production and better rubber mixtures to control the pollution of atmosphere.

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗
PubMed1987

[Effect of purified sewage on the composition of carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the soil and vegetation].

Concentrations of benz(a)pyrene (BP) and 15 other polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in soil with forage plants (lucerne) irrigated by biologically purified mixed domestic and industrial (coke-chemical) sewage from collection pond did not exceed those in control soil (irrigated by relatively clean fresh water) and were lower than in nonirrigated one, which is due, probably, to PAH oxidation by soil-proper microflora activated in humid soil polluted by PAH. BP content in control and experimental samples of lucerne coincide within +/- 25% limits.

Carcinogens, Environmental↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Characterization of the content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the cold- and hot-smoked fish].

The carcinogenic danger of the commercial smoked herring was assessed. The edible part of the smoked herring contains 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons whose bulk consists of phenanthrene, pyrene, floranthene, and benzo(b)fluoranthene. The content of benzo(a)pyrene (BP) in the cold and hot smoked herring are 189 and 291 ng/kg, respectively. It is lower than the present standard values. The proportion of carcinogenic danger of BP is 32% for cold smoked herring and 34% for hot smoked herring.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Study of carcinogenic hazards of smoking kiln waste fumes].

The disperse phase of waste fumes forming during cold and hot fish smoking was studied by distributing the particles into 6 fractions and determining benz(a)pyrene (BP) in them. The level of BP in less than 2.5 mu was shown to be 85% whether smoking was hot or cold. The levels of 17 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) were measured in three-dimensional fractions of fume particles. In all the fractions, phenanthrene and fluoranthene were of priority in weight. The proportion of BP in the total levels of PAH in waste fumes of cold and hot smokers was 0.69 and 0.74%, respectively and the carcinogenic activity was 46.42 and 49.0%. The investigations demonstrated that the waste fumes of smokers did not contain the particles that are PAH carriers.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Content of N-nitrosamines in smoked fish and canned food].

The composition and contents of major N-nitrosoamines (NA) in the edible part of herrings and rock trouts exposed to hot and cold smoking and in the Smoked fish in oil type cans were studied. Among NA, only N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) and N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) were detected in all samples. In the cold-smoked fish, the levels of NDMA and NDEA were higher than in the hot smoked fish and cans. Of all the samples, only those of cold smoked herrings and rock trouts had standardized NDMA concentration that was greater than the standard limitation and equal to 3.48 and 3.74 mukg/kg.

Animals↗