PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

L Westling

Publications and source records attributed to L Westling.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

Palatal dimensions and some inherited factors (body height and metacarpal index).

The relationship between the palatal dimensions and inherited factors such as body height and arachnodactyly, i.e., spider fingers, were studied in a sample of 87 patients with high and narrow palatal vaults, chosen from 1008 randomly selected patients at an orthodontic clinic. The patients with high palates were significantly taller than Swedes of the same sex and age (p < 0.001). Established arachnodactyly was not found in the examined sample. Sucking habits neither seem to influence crowding nor the palatal dimension at the molar region. Mouthbreathing strengthened but was not a pre-requisite for the significant correlation between palatal height and body height. The predominant orthodontic diagnoses included crowding, extreme maxillary overjet and postnormal occlusion as can be expected in a sample of orthodontic patients. The study will serve as a reference material for further investigations of patients with the Marfan syndrome where high palate, high stature and arachnodactyly are important features.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Occlusal interferences in retruded contact position and temporomandibular joint sounds.

In 193 non-patient adolescents, unilateral contacts in retruded contact position (RCP) were seen more often in girls than in boys (P < 0.001) and were more frequent in subjects with than without general joint instability (P < 0.05). A negative correlation (r = -0.70***) was found between the side of the temporomandibular joint sound and the side of unilateral contact in RCP. Boys with unilateral contacts in RCP had more non-reciprocal clicking than girls. No signs were found indicating that a unilateral contact in RCP is an aetiological factor for development of temporomandibular disorders. Unilateral contacts in RCP may in adolescents be considered a predictive factor for temporomandibular joint disturbance. Contradictory causes may determine the sagittal distance between RCP and ICP.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Temporomandibular joint dysfunction. Connective tissue variations in skin biopsy and mitral valve function.

Ten women with temporomandibular joint dysfunction and general joint hypermobility (score, 4 to 8) and 10 symptom-free female volunteers without systemic laxity (score, 0 to 2) were selected for the study. A biopsy of connective tissue from arm skin found that the total collagen concentrations were lower and the proteoglycan values were higher in the hypermobile TMJ patients than in the control subjects. The mitral region of the heart was inspected by echocardiography. Eight patients and four controls had slightly abnormal echocardiographic findings. Two patients fulfilled the criteria for mitral valve prolapse. The patients had significantly more musculoskeletal complaints than did the controls. The study suggests an association between joint hypermobility, abnormal skin connective tissue composition, mitral valve malfunction, and musculoskeletal disorders in young women with TMJ dysfunction, especially internal derangement.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Maximum jaw opening capacity in adolescents in relation to general joint mobility.

Mandibular jaw opening was related with general joint mobility in a non-patient adolescent group. The angular rotation of the mandible at maximum jaw opening was slightly larger in females than in males and significantly larger in hypermobile individuals. No significant relationship between linear measuring of maximal mandibular opening capacity and peripheral joint mobility was found either at active (AROM) or at passive range of mandibular opening (PROM). PROM was strongly correlated to the mandibular length. Clinical signs in the great jaw closer muscles could not be associated to decreased AROM. The mean value of the difference between PROM-AROM (DPA) was 1.2 mm. Frequent clenching and/or grinding was correlated to increased DPA only in hypermobile adolescents (r = 0.49***). Those with DPA exceeding 5mm had all reciprocal clicking.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

General joint hypermobility and temporomandibular joint derangement in adolescents.

Joint mobility was assessed in each member of an epidemiological sample of 96 girls and 97 boys, 17 years old, and graded by means of the hypermobility score of Beighton et al. Twenty two per cent of the girls and 3% of the boys could perform five or more of the nine manoeuvres. The prevalence of symptoms and signs of internal derangement in the temporomandibular joint was higher in adolescents with hypermobility of joints (score greater than or equal to 5/9). In subjects with a high mobility score oral parafunctions (overuse) correlated more strongly with several signs and symptoms of craniomandibular disorder than in those with a low score.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Observer variation in functional examination of the temporomandibular joint.

Agreement between observers classifying TMJ sounds from data given in records of nonpatient adolescents was almost perfect in this interobserver study. Intraobserver and interobserver agreement in classifying all specific TMJ sounds at palpation and auscultation was acceptable to moderate (kappa value = 0.49 to 0.74). The agreement was considerably more reliable when classifying only one specific TMJ sound. Measurements of linear jaw opening showed small interobserver differences (coefficient of variation = 2.4 to 3.8). The significant difference found in calculating the angular mandibular opening may be the result of difficulties in maintaining maximum passive opening.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Temporomandibular joint dysfunction and systemic joint laxity.

The purpose of this thesis was to study an inherited disposition, systemic joint laxity, in patients with temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction. The importance of systemic joint laxity for TMJ dysfunction compared with other supposed etiological factors, such as bruxism and jaw trauma, was analysed in TMJ patients and in non-patient groups. Collagen distribution and mitral valve function were investigated in hypermobile TMJ patients and normal controls. General joint mobility was assessed in 360 participants. Comparing 74 female craniomandibular dysfunction (CMD) patients with 73 controls of the same sex and age, more hypermobile individuals were found in the patient group. Patients with TMJ dysfunction had significantly more hypermobile joints than other patients at a clinic for CMD patients. A multiple stepwise regression analysis established that hypermobility was a more important factor than bruxing for TMJ dysfunction. Trauma to the head and jaw was significantly correlated to TMJ dysfunction only in non-hypermobile patients. TMJ patients had significantly more musculoskeletal complaints than other CMD patients or controls. A non-patient investigation comprising about 200 adolescents showed the females to be significantly more hypermobile than the males. Another indication of a systemic disposition in hypermobile TMJ patients compared with controls was more insufficient mitral valve function in an echocardiographic investigation of 10 hypermobile TMJ patients and 10 normal controls. Skin biopsy revealed lower values of total collagen and a higher ratio of collagen type III to III + I in TMJ patients than in normal controls.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Background factors in craniomandibular disorders: reported symptoms in adolescents with special reference to joint hypermobility and oral parafunctions.

Correlations between craniomandibular disorders (CMD) symptoms and an inherited factor (general joint hypermobility) were studied in 193 adolescents (96 girls and 97 boys). They answered a questionnaire concerning CMD symptoms, oral parafunctions, head and jaw trauma and symptoms from other joints. Joint mobility was assessed by determining the Beighton score (0-9). Twenty-eight percent of the girls and 21% of the boys could perform four or more of the manoeuvres. Twenty-two percent of the girls and 3% of the boys were extremely hypermobile (score greater than or equal to 5). Eighty-nine percent were aware of some oral parafunction and the prevalences of oral habits were about the same in the two groups. Girls reported significantly more dysfunction symptoms than boys. No indication was found that oral parafunctions generally produced CMD but a systemic factor (joint hypermobility) seemed to play an important role when the masticatory system was exposed to local forces as in oral parafunction. This may be one explanation for the predominance of females among CMD patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Background factors in craniomandibular disorders with special reference to general joint hypermobility, parafunction, and trauma.

Seventy-four female patients referred to a CMD clinic were randomly selected for an examination of general joint mobility according to Beighton. Thirty of the patients (41%) were classified as hypermobile. Eighty-three percent of the patients with generally lax joints had TMJ involvement in comparison to 41% of the patients with no joint laxity. The difference between these groups was statistically significant (P less than 0.001). Parafunctions and trauma were associated with increased symptoms and signs in individuals with lax joints. In nonlax joint patients, trauma to the head and jaw was significantly correlated to TMJ disorders. The results indicate that general joint hypermobility should be taken into consideration in the diagnosis and treatment of CMD.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Craniomandibular disorders and general joint mobility.

The purpose of the investigation was to study the relationship between general joint mobility and dysfunction among patients with craniomandibular disorders (CMD). Joint mobility was assessed in 74 female patients and 73 controls, using Beighton's modification of the Carter & Wilkinson hypermobility score. Twenty-five (83%) of 30 patients with score greater than or equal to 3 (lax joints) had temporomandibular joint (TMJ) involvement. Eighteen (41%) of 44 patients with score 0-2 (no laxity) had TMJ involvement. The difference between these groups was statistically significant (p less than 0.001). General joint laxity should therefore be taken into consideration in diagnosis and treatment of CMG.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Craniofacial manifestations in the Marfan syndrome: palatal dimensions and a comparative cephalometric analysis.

The purpose of this study was to determine how the craniofacial morphology, evaluated from dental casts and lateral cephalograms, in individuals affected by the Marfan syndrome diverge from healthy control groups. The high and narrow palatal vault as well as maxillary and mandibular retrognathy were strongly correlated to the syndrome. About 70% of the Marfan syndrome patients (n = 76) had been referred for orthodontic treatment, mostly because of crowded teeth or extreme maxillary overjet. In 36%, the orthodontic treatment was carried out before diagnosis or suspicion about the Marfan syndrome. In comparison to healthy orthodontic patients (n = 86), selected because of presence of high and narrow palatal vaults, crowding of teeth, extreme maxillary overjet, and open bite were much more prevalent in the Marfan syndrome patients than in the orthodontic control group.

Adolescent↗