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Biomedical subjects

L Wolfson

Publications and source records attributed to L Wolfson.

33 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Peripheral giant cell granuloma during orthodontic treatment.

Inflammatory and hyperplastic gingival responses during orthodontic treatment are common. These may complicate the actual treatment and may require periodontal therapy. The present report describes the development of an interproximal enlarged peripheral giant cell granuloma during orthodontic treatment, resulting in migration and separation of the neighboring teeth and resorption of the interproximal alveolar septum and molar root. The lesion was excised and the bone was curetted; this led to spontaneous migration of the involved teeth to their natural positions.

Child↗
PubMed1988

Clinico-pathologic studies in dementia: nondemented subjects with pathologically confirmed Alzheimer's disease.

We compared neuropsychological findings in 28 longitudinally evaluated elderly subjects with their postmortem neuropathology, including senile plaque and neurofibrillary tangle counts from standardized sections. Nine of the subjects were not demented when evaluated just prior to their death. Numerous cortical senile plaques and other changes of Alzheimer's disease (AD) occurred in six of nine nondemented old-old subjects. Five of these six subjects had shown decline on yearly neuropsychological tests but their cognitive impairment was too mild to meet clinical criteria for dementia. Whereas cortical senile plaque count did not distinguish well between demented and nondemented subjects, every subject with numerous cortical neurofibrillary tangles was demented. The nondemented subjects with Alzheimer pathology may have had "preclinical" AD, or numerous cortical plaques may occur in some elderly subjects who would never develop clinical dementia.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Hemispheric white matter lesions in the elderly prone to falling.

Brain computed tomography studies of two groups of elderly (mean age 83.3 years, SE 1.7) with no neurologic diagnoses were compared. Sixteen of the subjects were non-fallers and the remaining 17 had frequent unexplained falls. The group of fallers had a significantly greater degree of white-matter hypodensity of the elderly (Student's t-test = 2.7, p less than 0.01).

Accidental Falls↗
PubMed1985

The effects of L-DOPA on regional cerebral blood flow and oxygen metabolism in patients with Parkinson's disease.

Studies performed on 18 patients with Parkinson's disease and 6 control subjects have shown that acute administration of L-DOPA in clinically effective doses gives rise to a diffuse increase in regional cerebral blood flow without accompanying stimulation of regional oxygen utilization. The data suggest that this rise in rCBF is caused by vasodilatation due to a direct action of the drug on the cerebral blood vessels. The effect of L-DOPA on rCBF did not correlate with the degree of clinical improvement seen in each patient after treatment. The therapeutic effect of L-DOPA in the brain was not reflected in any change of regional cerebral oxygen utilization as measured by our technique. We suggest that the pharmacological actions of L-DOPA in the brain take place on at least two different levels.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

High-performance liquid chromatography with amperometric detection of plasma L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine in Parkinsonian patients.

An assay for the quantitative estimation of L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine in human plasma has been developed, using alpha-methylnoradrenaline as internal standard and ion-pair reversed-phase (C8), isocratic high-performance liquid chromatography with amperometric detection. A citrate-phosphate buffer, pH 3.1, containing 2 mM EDTA disodium salt, 6.5 mM 1-octanesulphonic acid and 14% v/v methanol, provided good separation of the analytes from each other and from the carbidopa present in the plasma of Sinemet-treated Parkinsonian patients. The sensitivity, selectivity and precision of the method were found to be sufficient to enable its routine use for pharmacodynamic studies.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1980

Treatment of myoclonus with L-5-hydroxytryptophan and carbidopa: clinical, electrophysiological, and biochemical observations.

Six patients with myoclonus of varying cause were treated with L-5-hydroxytryptophan (L-5-HTP) and carbidopa. While spontaneous myoclonus decreased in three of the patients and action myoclonus in four, only two patients had marked functional improvement. Side effects included gastrointestinal and affective disturbances. L-5-HTP therapy caused a diminished frequency of paroxysmal discharges in the electroencephalograms of three patients which did not always correlate with clinical improvement. Lumbar cerebrospinal fluid 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) concentration after probenecid was decreased in all patients prior to therapy, but this reduction did not predict treatment response. Urinary excretion patterns for 5-HTP, serotonin, and 5-HIAA during treatment were similar in responders and nonresponders. It is concluded that while some patients with myoclonus do benefit from L-5-HTP therapy, biochemical and electrophysiological tests are not useful predictors of treatment response, and the high incidence of side effects limits the usefulness of this therapy.

5-Hydroxytryptophan↗
PubMed1979

Quality and duration of survival in glioblastoma multiforme. Combined surgical, radiation, and lomustine therapy.

A retrospective evaluation of the quality and length of survival of 74 patients nonrandomly receiving lomustine, 100 to 110 mg/sq m, following craniotomy and irradiation for glioblastoma multiforme was performed. After surgery all patients were capable of at least partial self-care. Patients receiving postoperative irradiation and lomustine had a median survival of 11.5 months. While receiving chemotherapy, 40% of these patients were capable of at least partial employment; 75% were able to care for themselves. These levels of function were stable for 70% of the average postoperative course (8.0 months), following which a decline ensued.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1978

Anatomical correlates of electrical and behavioral events related to amygdaloid kindling.

Anatomical structures demonstrating increased glucose uptake during the various stages of amygdaloid kindling in rats were identified by the 14C-2-deoxyglucose (DG) autoradiographic technique. Partial (stages 1 and 2) seizures were correlated with increased DG uptake in the ipsilateral amygdala and its direct projection fields. The appearance of generalized motor (stages 3,4, and 5) seizures was accompanied by less limbic involvement and recruitment of a bilateral system including substantia nigra, specific and nonspecific thalamic nuclei, globus pallidus, and neocortex. Increased hippocampal DG uptake was correlated with prolonged amygdaloid after discharge duration but not with the behavioral seizure stage. This study does not reveal which of these structures are responsible for the observed behavioral and electrical events and which are activated by them. It does suggest, however, that three discrete anatomical systems underlie the generation of partial seizures, generalized motor seizures, and local after discharge.

Amygdala↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Quantitative cytocentrifugation in the evaluation of cerebrospinal fluid.

Five hundred sixteen samples of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were subjected to cytocentrifugation to determine whether this technique is reliable in quantifying the cells present while simultaneously allowing precise cytologic identification of the types of malignant and atypical cells present. Cell counts obtained by the cytocentrifuge method were comparable to those obtained by the standard hemocytometer method. Because of the larger volume of fluid used in cytocentrifugation, cells (0.2/cu mm) were found in 264 specimens that would have been considered devoid of cells by hemocytometry. Six of these samples contained malignant cells. The Wright's-stained cytocentrifuged specimens also allowed precise identification of hematopoietic cell types. CSF cytocentrifugation offers the advantages of (1) a simple and rapid method of quantifying the number of cells present, (2) use of larger volumes than the hemocytometer method, thereby minimizing the possibility that the specimen will be classified as acellular, and (3) improved morphology of hematopoietic cell types by use of the Wright's stain. We conclude that the cytocentrifugation method is useful in the routine quantification and diagnosis of CSF specimens.

Cell Count↗