PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

L Wosornu

Publications and source records attributed to L Wosornu.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Microbiology of postoperative wound infection: a prospective study of 1770 wounds.

A prospective study of postoperative wound infection was carried out over a 12-month period. Intra-operative swabs from the patients' anterior nares, the opened viscus and parietes were cultured using standard bacteriological techniques. Of the 1770 wounds studied, 167 (9.4%) became infected. Wound infection rates, according to clinical wound types, were clean 5.9%, clean-contaminated 10.7%, contaminated 24.3% and dirty 52.9%. The figures according to microbiological wound types were clean 4.7%, and potentially, lightly and heavily contaminated 15.3%, 22.1% and 30.2% respectively. The commonest causative organisms were Staphylococcus aureus 23.7%, Escherichia coli 16.9%, Staphylococcus epidermidis 13.5% and Pseudomonas aeruginosa 13.0%. When isolated intra-operatively, Enterobacter spp., Proteus spp., Klebsiella spp. and P. aeruginosa appeared to have a high probability of causing postoperative wound infection, but the intra-operative isolation of Bacteroides sp. was a poor predictor of subsequent wound infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Why do cardiology out-patient appointments fail in Saudi Arabia?

In a retrospective study, 534 appointments for a cardiology clinic were analysed to determine the frequency of no-show and to identify contributory factors. The overall rate of no-show was 30.1%, which is higher than the 18% and 20% reported from other teaching hospitals. Variables with the strongest univariate association with no-show were nationality (Saudi 35%, non-Saudi 22%; p = 0.0015), gender (males 34%, females 25%; p = 0.03), heart failure (present 44%, absent 27.9%; p = 0.005) and valvular heart disease (present 23.4%, absent 32.6%; p = 0.04). Turning to a stepwise logistic regression to predict no-show behaviour, we found that nationality, gender and heart failure were significant, while valvular heart disease was not. We conclude by recommending that physicians and mass media should share in the responsibility of stressing the importance of keeping out-patient department (OPD) appointments to all patients especially those who are more prone to no-show behaviour, namely male nationals. Telephone and mailed reminders have been used successfully to improve attendance at the OPD, and can be evaluated in our community.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Increased cholecystectomy rates in Saudi Arabia.

Gallstones have become increasingly prevalent in Saudi Arabia, where cholecystectomy is now one of the commonest major abdominal operations. 2854 people underwent cholecystectomy in the 14 hospitals of the country's Eastern Province in the years 1977 to 1986. During this period the overall frequency of cholecystectomy increased by 978%, a finding not explained by the 67% increase in population or the 87% increase in other operations. Simultaneously, the average daily individual consumption of total calories, fat, and sugar increased by 81%, 197%, and 164%, respectively, and consumption of high-fibre grain fell by 75%. This striking increase in the frequency of cholecystectomy, which presumably reflects the incidence of gallstones, cannot be explained by demographic changes and seems more closely linked to the concomitant changes in dietary habits.

Cholecystectomy↗
PubMed1979

Septic shock.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

The construction of a skin-lined hemithorax in pigs.

The feasibility of creating a skin-lined hemithorax was tested in 6 pigs. All the pigs survived intrapleural skin grafting, and within 3 weeks they doubled their mean initial weight from 16-3 plus or minus 1-6 kg to 32-4 plus or minus 2-6 kg. In 4 (out of 4) pigs the skin-lined cavity was opened successfully to the exterior; it had reproduced closely the contour of the hemithorax. It is concluded that it is feasible to construct a skin-lined hemithorax with a mean volume of 276-3 plus or minus 19-6 ml in pigs, whose mean body weigh was 37-5 plus or minus 2.5 kg. This confirms earlier work in the rat.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

External herniae: ventral herniae and summary.

1. In three articles, inguinal, femoral, and ventral herniae have been discussed, one of the aims being to draw the attention of those who are new to surgery in the tropics to some of the things the author thought were peculiar to these herniae. Experiences in the 1,100-bed Korle Bu Hospital, Accra, where a retrospective survey showed that 609 external herniaw were mended in 15 months, formed the basis of the discussions. 2. The applied anatomy of the inguinal canal of adult Ghanaians was described. Three things were pointed out: the infantile type of inguinal hernia was the rule not the exception; the floor and the conjoint tendon were well developed and useful for repair; the pubic branch of the inferior epigastric artery was normal not aberrant. 3. IN Accra inguinal herniae are big and a man's disease. The differential diagnosis of scrotal hernia includes vaginal hydrocele, scrotal elephantiasis, testicular tumours, and tuberculous epididymoorchitis. A case was made in favour of differentiating between direct and indirect inguinal herniae preoperatively. 4. Elective herniorrhaphy was recommended as the treatment of choice and operative techniques were described. The suture material to employ for the Bassini repair must be non-absorbable, e.g. silk or nylon. Whereas herniotomy is adequate in children, in women herniorrhaphy is combined with clearance and obliteration of the inguinal canal. 5. The author did not recommend a truss for an inguinal let alone a femoral hernia. There is suggestive evidence that even in the tropics a man's hernia could be safely repaired on an out-patient basis. 6. Since femoral hernia is rare, it was recommended that in the interest of the patients, skillful surgeons should repair them. 7. The surgical anatomy of the femoral canal, and clinical features of femoral hernia were described. The differential diagnosis included inguinal hernia, abscesses in the groin, hydrocele of the femoral canal, saphena varix, lymphadenopathy, simple tumours and aneurysm of the femoral artery. 8. The treatment of choic is a surgical operation of which three were named and one described ("the low" operation of Lockwood). Recurrence is rare...

Cesarean Section↗
PubMed1971

Gastric acid secretion in sickle-cell anaemia.

The gastric acid response to the augmented histamine test was measured in 115 Ghanaian patients, including 45 cases of sickle-cell anaemia. Normal gastric acid responses were found in the patients with sickle-cell anaemia, suggesting that the frequent occurrence of indigestion in patients with this disorder is unlikely to be related to abnormal gastric acid secretion.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Risk factors in wound infection following urologic operations: a prospective study.

A total of 134 urologic operations were studied prospectively for postoperative wound infection, the methodology involving direct intraoperative swab taking. Patients' variables were (mean +/- SD): age 32.4 +/- 20.7 years, Quetelet index 27.4 +/- 8, duration of operation 98 +/- 34 minutes, and male:female ratio 9.3:1. Of the 131 intraoperative swabs 28 (21%) were positive, 97% of the organisms being aerobic; 16% of the patients were nasal carriers of S. aureus. The overall wound infection rate was 9%, and it prolonged hospital stay by six days average. Significant risk factors (and their magnitude) were: age over 60 years (x 2.2), prolonged preoperative hospital stay (x 15), and wound contamination (x 4.3 and x 14.3 for classes 3 and 4 wounds respectively). Neither diabetes mellitus, obesity, nor surgeon's rank was contributory. We conclude that, although the 9% rate of postoperative wound infection was acceptable, appropriate prophylactic antibiotics may reduce it further, and, from our data, we would recommend an aminoglycoside (e.g. Amikacin) and Ampicillin combined.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of an intensive care unit in a teaching hospital in Saudi Arabia.

Intensive Care Units (ICU) in general hospitals have become a standard requirement in tertiary care centres. However, the appropriateness of their use is not widely known. We have used the Therapeutic Intervention Scoring System (TISS) to evaluate a multidisciplinary ICU in a teaching hospital in Saudi Arabia. The average occupancy rate was 79%, the nurse: patient ratio was 1:1.4, duration of stay 4.1 +/- 3.5 days, and mortality was 1.4%. The distribution of severity of illness was as follows: Classes I & II, 82%, and Classes III & IV, 18%. The average TISS points were: daily per patient 15.1 +/- 2.7 (range 11.5-21.7), total per day 125.6 +/- 38.2 (range 35-211), and patient points per nurse was 21.1. We conclude that, although less than 20% of patients required unique ICU services, the use of our ICU was appropriate to the current medical and manpower training needs of the community it was designed to serve, but the basis of nurses' complaints of overwork remains to be determined.

Hospitals, Teaching↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Wound infection following biliary surgery. A prospective surgery.

Biliary surgery in general, with cholecystectomy in particular, is probably the commonest major elective abdominal operation worldwide. A prospective study has been completed on 141 biliary operations in which intra-operative bile swabs were taken, and other risk factors for wound infection sought. Patients' characteristics were: males 51, females 90 (1:1.8); mean age 42.4 +/- 16 years; mean Quetelet index for adults was 32 +/- 5. The operations were: emergencies 10, simple-cholecystectomies 112, and choledochotomies (including other concomitant procedures) 29. The observed wound infection rates were: overall 7.8%, simple cholecystectomy 3.6% and choledochotomies 24.1%, figures which agree closely with the national and international literature. The infected patients consumed, on average, 7 days more in hospital than the uninfected ones. We found three major risk factors for wound infection: patients aged 40 years or older (over 4-fold), choledochotomy (over 6-fold), and microbiologically proven wound co-ntamination (9-fold). We conclude that, given the consistently low (less than 4%), incidence of wound infection following simple cholecystectomy, routine antibiotic prophylaxis in this subset is probably unjustified.

Adolescent↗