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Biomedical subjects

L de la Revilla

Publications and source records attributed to L de la Revilla.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

[The perception of health, social support and family function in HIV seropositivity].

OBJECTIVE: To discover the perception of health, social support and family function for asymptomatic HIV carriers. DESIGN: This was an observation crossover study, using validated questionnaires. SETTING: Almanjayar and Cartuja Health Centres in Granada. PATIENTS AND OTHER PARTICIPANTS: 58 HIV+ patients belonging to the two basic areas were included. They were selected from the archives of the health centres and from the infectious diseases clinic of the referral hospital. There were an equal number of controls with similar socio-demographic characteristics. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The questionnaires used were as follows: GHQ, DUKE-UNC, the family APGAR, which measure health perception, social support and family function, respectively. Of seropositive patients, 58% presented a negative perception of their health, mainly expressed through symptoms of anguish and anxiety; as against 25% of the control group. As to social support, 29% of the HIV+ carriers perceived low levels of support, as against 6.9% of the control group. We found family dysfunction among 46% of seropositive patients, as against 12% of the control group. The Chi squared test was used for the analysis: all the differences were significant. CONCLUSIONS: Patients who are HIV carriers, even when they are asymptomatic, have a poor health perception, which can be attributed to the nature of the illness. The low level of social support detected, linked to the stress involved in being seropositive, may be the origin of the family dysfunction observed in 46% of our sample. We recommend action at individual, family and community levels in order to improve these patients' quality of life, strength their support structures and restore balance to family function.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[The utilization of health services and the motives for consultation as indicators of family dysfunction].

OBJECTIVE: To analyse the relationship between the reasons for seeking care on demand and use of the health services on the one hand and disturbances in the family dynamic, on the other, with an attempt to determine indicators of family dysfunction. DESIGN: Crossover descriptive study where the sample was obtained by systematic sampling. The family APGAR test was applied to the whole sample, along with an analysis of the use of services and the reasons for attendance. SETTING: Almanjayar Health Centre during the first 6 months of 1992. PATIENTS: 356 patients over 18. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: We confirmed that the likelihood of belonging to a dysfunctional family was 77%, with a risk of 6.5 for hyper and normal users. Regarding reasons for seeking care, those who attended because of ill-defined signs and symptoms are 6.21 times more likely to present a family dysfunction than the rest of those interviewed. Patients with ill-defined symptoms or psychiatric disorders who are hyper-users are 7.20 times more likely to present some family dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS: It will be useful to carry out a study of family function among hyper-users, those who attend because of ill-defined signs and symptoms and people with mental health problems.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[The use of role-playing with actors and video in teaching clinical interviews to medical students].

OBJECTIVE: To describe the use of the technique of role-play, using actors and recorded on video, in teaching clinical interviews to medical students; and the latters' evaluation of the methodology used. DESIGN: Prospective and observational controlled study. SITE. The Faculty of Medicine in Granada. PATIENTS AND OTHER PARTICIPANTS: The study was carried out with a group of 32 students doing the last year of Medicine. MAIN MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: Two actors, ten students as interviewers and two teachers were involved. The programme consisted of: a theoretical setting-out of the contents of the clinical interview; a description of the group analysis method; filming simulated interviews on video; group analysis of the material filmed; and evaluation by means of a questionnaire. The choice of interviews gave rise to no problems. The actors assumed with ease the roles they had to play. In the group work, students actively participated and made constructive contributions all the time. In the assessment the items referring to Interest, Teaching Method and Relevance and Originality were high (4.49 out of 5 points). Only that referring to documentation obtained a lower score (3.87 out of 5). CONCLUSIONS: Role-play technique, using actors and video, are excellent educational methods for teaching the clinical interview in undergraduate training.

Education, Medical, Undergraduate↗
PubMed1991

[A new demographic classification of the family for the use in primary health care].

The approach to the health-disease problem in the family requires a knowledge of demographic features. We propose a demographic classification based on the nuclear family. In addition to the extensive and single-parent families, the lack of family and the familial equivalents we subdivide the nuclear family depending on whether it has close relatives or not, the number of children, the existence of extended family or not, with relatives or aggregates, and the binuclear families or those of divorced people. On this basis, we have evaluated the demographic distribution of 917 families from the basic health areas of Albaicín and Cartuja in Granada, the Valle de Jaén, and Telde in Las Palmas. We have found the predominance of the nuclear family (76.8%) over the extensive (5.2%), as well as the relevance of the single-parent (8.9%) and the lack of family (7.7%) types. Among nuclear families, those with relatives in near areas come first (62.2%), followed by the extended type (19.6%). There is a remarkably low rate of numerous families (9.3%), while binuclear families are exceptional. As familial demography is a factor to be considered in clinical practice owing to its influence in the familial function and resources, we propose the routine use of this classification in the family history.

Demography↗
PubMed1989

[Comparative study of the quality of prenatal care at health centers and hospitals].

The quality of prenatal care offered in health centers (HC) and in the hospital (H) have been compared. Two samples were evaluated. One consisted of 476 pregnant women seen in HC and another of 213 who were seen in H. Five out of the 22 selected markers did not show differences in both levels (date of delivery; weight gain in g/week; measurement of uterine weight and height; and hypertension detection). Ten markers were better fulfilled in H than in HC (obstetrical formula; gynecological examination, fetal heart beats and edema examination; detection of diabetes, urinary tract infection and anemia). By contrast, there were seven markers that were better fulfilled in HC (serological tests for syphilis and hepatitis B; treatment of urinary tract infection and anemia; and compliance with follow up). The better fulfillment of the markers in H might be due to the recent inclusion of prenatal care programs in HC. The fact that in the first level of care the controls are earlier and more frequent shows that this level facilitates the access of pregnant women to services and their follow up.

Ambulatory Care Facilities↗