Biomedical subjects

Lars Wågberg

Publications and source records attributed to Lars Wågberg.

10 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Friction and forces between cellulose model surfaces: a comparison.

Four different cellulose model surfaces, and one silica surface, have been studied by means of atomic force microscopy (AFM). The normal interactions have been found to consist of a longer range double layer force with a short range steric interaction, the nature of which is extensively discussed. Both the surface charge and range of the steric force depend on the type of cellulose substrate used, as does the magnitude of the adhesion. Studies of friction reveal that surface roughness is the determining factor for the friction coefficient, with which it increases monotonically. The absolute value, however, is determined by the surface chemistry. All studied cellulose surfaces show similar behavior in response to xyloglucan addition.

Cellulose↗

PubMed2006

The adsorption of hyperbranched polymers on silicon oxide surfaces.

The electrostatic interaction between quarternised hyperbranched polymers (polyesteramides) and a silicon oxide (SiO2) surface has been studied via adsorption studies with quartz crystal microbalance instrument with dissipation (QCM-D). Frequency shift (Deltaf) results show that the increase in both pH and salt concentration positively affect the adsorbed amount of these polymers, calculated by Sauerbrey equation, on the QCM crystal. The adsorbed amount of HA1 (with lower molecular weight and higher charge density) was lower than that of HA2 (with higher molecular weight and lower charge density) in all experiments. It was also observed that there are no significant changes in the dissipation after adsorption of these polymers. This indicated that both hyperbranched polymers formed rigid adsorbed layers on the negative SiO2 surface. Additionally, the results were compared with adsorption of poly-DADMAC and the results showed that the hyperbranched polymers formed thicker and more rigid layers as compared with the poly-DADMAC.

Journal Article↗

PubMed2006

Surface forces measurements of spin-coated cellulose thin films with different crystallinity.

A systematic study of the surface forces between a cellulose sphere and cellulose thin films of varying crystallinity has been conducted as a function of ionic strength and pH. Semicrystalline cellulose II surfaces and amorphous cellulose films were prepared by spin-coating of the precursor cellulose solutions onto oxidized silicon wafers before regeneration in water. Crystalline cellulose I surfaces were prepared by spin-coating wafers with aqueous suspensions of sulfate-stabilized cellulose I nanocrystals. These preparation methods produced thin, smooth films suitable for surface forces measurements. The interaction with the cellulose I was monotonically repulsive at pH 3.5, 5.8, and 8.5 and at 0.1, 1, and 10 mM ionic strengths. This was attributed to the presence of strongly ionizable sulfur-containing groups on the cellulose nanocrystal surfaces. The amorphous film typically showed a steric interaction up to 100 nm away from the interface that was independent of the solution conditions. A range of surface forces were successfully measured on the semicrystalline cellulose II films; attractive and repulsive regimes were observed, depending on pH and ionic strength, and were interpreted in terms of van der Waals and electrostatic interactions. Clearly, the forces acting near cellulose surfaces are very dependent on the way the cellulose surface has been prepared.

Cellulose↗

PubMed2005

Wetting of structured hydrophobic surfaces by water droplets.

Super-hydrophobic surfaces may arise due to an interplay between the intrinsic, relatively high, contact angle of the more or less hydrophobic solid surface employed and the geometric features of the solid surface. In the present work, this relationship was investigated for a range of different surface geometries, making use of surface free energy minimization. As a rule, the free energy minima (and maxima) occur when the Laplace and Young conditions are simultaneously fulfilled. Special effort has been devoted to investigating the free energy barriers present between the Cassie-Baxter (heterogeneous wetting) and Wenzel (homogeneous wetting) modes. The predictions made on the basis of the model calculations compare favorably with experimental results presented in the literature.

Journal Article↗

PubMed2005

Formation of polyelectrolyte multilayers on fibres: influence on wettability and fibre/fibre interaction.

Polydimethyldiallylammonium chloride (PDADMAC) and polystyrene sulfonate (PSS) have been used to build-up polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) on chemical soft wood fibres and on SiO2 at various electrolyte concentrations. Adsorption onto SiO2 was studied using a stagnation point adsorption reflectometer (SPAR), and the adsorbed amount of PDADMAC and PSS on the fibres was determined using nitrogen analysis and Schöniger burning, respectively. The adsorption onto the two substrates was then compared. Paper testing showed that the tensile index (TI) increased by about 90% when 11 layers had been adsorbed, and that there was a correlation between the adsorbed amount and the increase in TI. It was also shown that the particular polymer present in the outermost layer significantly influenced the TI, and that PDADMAC produced a higher TI. A correlation between the adsorbed amount and the TI was also found. Individual fibres were partly treated with a PEM and analysed using a dynamic contact angle analyser (DCA) and environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM).

Journal Article↗

PubMed2005

The influence on paper strength properties when building multilayers of weak polyelectrolytes onto wood fibres.

Polyallylamine hydrochloride (PAH) and polyacrylic acid (PAA) have been used to build up polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEM) on wood fibres and on silicon oxide surfaces, under various pH conditions. Consecutive adsorption onto silicon oxide surfaces of PAH and PAA were studied using stagnation point adsorption reflectometry, and the results showed a steady build-up of multilayers. Furthermore, by altering pH, the build-up of the multilayer could be made either linear or exponential in terms of adsorbed amount. Nitrogen analysis of sheets prepared from modified fibres showed that the adsorbed amount of PAH increased throughout PEM build-up, the amount of increase depending on pH during adsorption. Strength measurements of the sheets, i.e., stress at break and strain at break, showed significant improvements ranging from 60 to 200%, depending on both pH during adsorption and type of polyelectrolyte in the outer layer. A good correlation between the adsorbed amount of PAH and the improved strength properties of the paper was also found.

Journal Article↗

PubMed2005

Visco-elastic and adhesive properties of adsorbed polyelectrolyte multilayers determined in situ with QCM-D and AFM measurements.

The build-up of multilayers constructed from polyallylamine hydrochloride (PAH) and polyacrylic acid (PAA) under different pH conditions was continuously monitored using the quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation. The adsorbed amount of polymer as well as the amount of coupled water was determined. Furthermore, from dissipation measurements, it was possible to determine the visco-elastic properties of the adsorbed multilayer. These properties were highly dependent on the polyelectrolyte present in the outermost layer. The multilayer was far more rigid and elastic with PAA as the outermost layer. Furthermore, a link has been established between the conformability or rigidity of a multilayer covered surface and the adhesion between such surfaces. Adhesion measurements using the atomic force microscope showed a greater pull-off force when the more viscous PAH was present in the outermost layer.

Acrylic Resins↗

PubMed2004

Direct measurement of attractive van der Waals' forces between regenerated cellulose surfaces in an aqueous environment.

The interaction between cellulose surfaces is of fundamental interest in various natural and industrial systems. In this study, we describe the first direct measurements of an attractive van der Waals-type interaction between cellulose surfaces under aqueous conditions. An atomic force microscope, operating in colloidal probe mode, has been used to measure these interactions. The interaction between the cellulose surfaces is monotonically attractive at all surface separations. This long-range attractive interaction can be satisfactorily fitted with a Hamaker constant of 3.5 x 10-21 J.

Cellulose↗

PubMed2004

Adsorption of bilayers and multilayers of cationic and anionic co-polymers of acrylamide on silicon oxide.

Silica surfaces were consecutively treated with copolymers of cationic and anionic polyacrylamides (C-PAM and A-PAM, respectively) and the layer-by-layer build-up was continuously monitored with the aid of stagnation point adsorption reflectometry (SPAR). Four different charge densities of the cationic polymer and one charge density of the anionic polymer were studied. The solid substrate used in the investigation was an oxidized Si wafer, the charge of which was varied by performing the measurements at different pH. Adsorption measurements were performed both in deionized water and with a background electrolyte concentration of 0.01 M NaCl. The results show that the adsorption of C-PAM at pH 6 was dominated by electrostatic interactions. However, a significant nonionic contribution to the adsorption of C-PAM on SiO(2) was detected-when the results of adsorption measurements conducted in deionized water and in 0.01 M NaCl were compared. At pH 9, the adsorption of C-PAM onto SiO(2) was found to be geometrically restricted since the adsorption stoichiometry between the polymer charges and the charges on the surface was less than 1 irrespective of the charge of the C-PAM. Adsorption of the A-PAM onto the C-PAM covered surface increases as a function of the adsorbed charges in the first layer. Experiments showed that it was possible to form multilayers of polyelectrolytes on the SiO(2) surface provided the charge of the C-PAM was high enough. The critical charge of the polyelectrolyte for the formation of multilayers was also dependent on the charge of the substrate; that is, the lower the surface charge the higher the critical charge of the C-PAM. The substrate affected the amount of polyelectrolyte adsorbed up to the fifth layer. For further layers there was almost a stoichiometric relationship between the charges of the polyelectrolytes in consecutive layers. Results from studies of the formed multilayers with a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM-D) indicated that there was a close correlation between energy dissipation into the multilayers and a decrease in the adsorption as detected with SPAR. This in turn indicates that a decrease in the reflectometer signal does not necessarily indicate a decrease in adsorption.

Journal Article↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Morphology of modified regenerated model cellulose II surfaces studied by atomic force microscopy: effect of carboxymethylation and heat treatment.

Model cellulose II surfaces with different surface charge have been prepared from carboxymethylated wood pulp. AFM tapping-mode imaging in air showed that the introduction of charged groups into the film does not appreciably change the surface morphology. However, after a mild heat treatment (heating at 105 degrees C for 6 h), an irreversible surface structure change, from near spherical-type aggregates to a fibrillar structure, was observed. This might be attributed to the formation of strong hydrogen bonds in the crystalline region of the films while the amorphous regions shrank upon drying. The suitability of these charged cellulose films for surface forces studies was also investigated. At pH below the pK(a) of the carboxyl groups present in the film, the interaction force could be fit by a van der Waals force interaction. At higher pH, the interaction was of a purely electrostatic nature with no van der Waals component observable due to the swelling of the surfaces.

Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium↗