Biomedical subjects

Laszlo Vincze

Publications and source records attributed to Laszlo Vincze.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Elemental compositions of comet 81P/Wild 2 samples collected by Stardust.

We measured the elemental compositions of material from 23 particles in aerogel and from residue in seven craters in aluminum foil that was collected during passage of the Stardust spacecraft through the coma of comet 81P/Wild 2. These particles are chemically heterogeneous at the largest size scale analyzed ( approximately 180 ng). The mean elemental composition of this Wild 2 material is consistent with the CI meteorite composition, which is thought to represent the bulk composition of the solar system, for the elements Mg, Si, Mn, Fe, and Ni to 35%, and for Ca and Ti to 60%. The elements Cu, Zn, and Ga appear enriched in this Wild 2 material, which suggests that the CI meteorites may not represent the solar system composition for these moderately volatile minor elements.

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PubMed2005

Comparison of different surface modification techniques for electrodes by means of electrochemistry and micro synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence. dimerization of cobalt(II) tetrasulfonated phthalocyanine and its influence on the electrodeposition on gold surfaces.

This paper compares different electrochemical surface modification techniques with special attention to the immobilization of cobalt(II) tetrasulfonated phthalocyanine tetrasodium salt (Co(II)TSPc) on gold electrodes. Electrochemical and synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence (SR-XRF) microbeam analysis were performed in order to compare the amount of adsorbed CoTSPc onto the gold electrode and to determine the level of uniformity of the deposited layer. The nondestructive, quantitative characterization of CoTSPc deposition on gold electrodes by means of scanning SR-XRF on the microscopic scale has never been described before. The described methodology can be in general used for thin-film characterization. Depending on the degree of dimerization of the CoTSPc molecules, different electrochemical behavior is observed.

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PubMed2005

Copper stabilization by zeolite synthesis in polluted soils treated with coal fly ash.

This study deals with the process of zeolite formation in an agricultural soil artificially polluted by high amounts of Cu (15 mg of Cu/g of soil dry weight) and treated with fused coal fly ash at 30 and 60 degrees C and how this process affects the mobility and availability of the metal. As a consequence of the treatment, the amount of dissolved Cu, and thus its mobility, was strongly reduced, and the percentage of the metal stabilized in the solid phase increased over time, reaching values of 30% at 30 degrees C and 40% at 60 degrees C. The physicochemical phenomena responsible for Cu stabilization in the solid phase have been evaluated by EDTA sequential extractions and synchrotron radiation based X-ray microanalytical techniques. These techniques were used for the visualization of the spatial distribution and the speciation of Cu in and/or on the neo-formed zeolite particles. In particular, micro XRF (X-ray fluorescence) tomography showed direct evidence that Cu can be entrapped as clusters inside the porous zeolitic structures while mu-XANES (X-ray absorption near edge structure) spectroscopy determinations revealed Cu to be present mainly as Cu(ll) hydroxide and Cu(ll) oxide. The reported results could be useful as a basic knowledge for planning new technologies for the on site physicochemical stabilization of heavy metals in heavily polluted soils.

Agriculture↗

PubMed2004

Three-dimensional trace element analysis by confocal X-ray microfluorescence imaging.

A three-dimensional (3D) variant of scanning micro X-ray fluorescence (XRF) is described and evaluated at the ID18F instrument of the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF). The method is based on confocal excitation/detection using a polycapillary half-lens in front of the energy-dispersive detector. The experimental arrangement represents a significant generalization of regular two-dimensional (2D) scanning micro-XRF and employs a detector half-lens whose focus coincides with that of the focused incoming beam. The detection volume defined by the intersection of the exciting beam and the energy-dependent acceptance of the polycapillary optics is 100-350 mum(3). Minimum detection limits are sub-ppm, and sensitivities are comparable with regular scanning XRF. Next to the reduction of in-sample single/multiple scattering, the setup provides the possibility of sample depth scans with an energy-dependent resolution of 10-35 mum in the energy range of 3-23 keV and the possibility of performing 3D-XRF analysis by simple XYZ linear scanning. This provides a suitable alternative to X-ray fluorescence tomography. The method is illustrated with results of the analysis of solid inclusions in diamond and fluid inclusions in quartz.

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PubMed2002

A Monte Carlo model for studying the microheterogeneity of trace elements in reference materials by means of synchrotron microscopic X-ray fluorescence.

Synchrotron micro-XRF, a trace-level microanalytical method, allows quantitative study of the nature and degree of heterogeneity of inorganic trace constituents in solid materials with a homogeneous matrix. In this work, the standard reference materials NIST SRM 613, Trace Elements in 1 mm Glass Wafers, and NIST SRM 1577a, Trace Elements in Bovine Liver, are examined at the 10100-ng mass level using X-ray beams of 5-150 microm in diameter. A procedure based on a large number of repeated analyses of small absolute amounts of the SRMs allows calculation of the minimal representative mass of the standard. The microheterogeneity of both NIST SRM 613 and NIST SRM 1577a was investigated with the aim of evaluating their suitability as reference materials for trace-level microanalytical techniques. A Monte Carlo simulation model was constructed for both homogeneous and heterogeneous materials to elucidate the dependence of the calculated minimal representative mass on the total analyzed mass in the case of materials that showstrongly heterogeneous features at the microscopic level.

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