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Lei Jiang

Publications and source records attributed to Lei Jiang.

88 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

Synthesis of organic one-dimensional nanomaterials by solid-phase reaction.

The synthesis of anthracene (AN) nanowires and perylene (PY) nanorods on the basis of solid-phase organic reactions under controlled conditions is discussed, and the structures are confirmed by SEM, TEM, and XRD. The dimension-dependent emission properties of the AN nanowires and PY nanorods is observed. This approach is expected to form a new general route for the controlled morphosynthesis of organic molecular materials in restricted dimensions, with controlled size and shape, the solid-state physical properties of which are of great interest. It should have outstanding potential in providing customized 1D nanomaterials for a broad range of applications for molecule devices and nanoscience and is expected to be applicable other functionalized nanomaterials (i.e., organic, inorganic, and polymer).

Journal Article↗
PubMed2003

Copper-catalyzed C-P bond construction via direct coupling of secondary phosphines and phosphites with aryl and vinyl halides.

A general method for the coupling of aryl and vinyl halides with diaryl and dialkyl phosphines, as well as with dibutyl phosphite, is reported. This highly efficient transformation is realized through the use of copper(I) iodide as a catalyst, N,N'-dimethylethylenediamine as a ligand, and Cs(2)CO(3) as a base. A variety of sterically hindered and/or functionalized substrates were found to react under these reaction conditions to provide products in good to excellent yields. [reaction: see text]

Catalysis↗
PubMed2003

Expanding Pd-catalyzed C-N bond-forming processes: the first amidation of aryl sulfonates, aqueous amination, and complementarity with Cu-catalyzed reactions.

The first general method for the Pd-catalyzed amination of aryl tosylates and benzenesulfonates was developed utilizing ligand 1, which belongs to a new generation of biaryl monophosphine ligands. In addition, the new catalyst system for the first time enables amidation of aryl arenesulfonates and aqueous amination protocols that do not necessitate the use of cosolvents. The substrate scope has been significantly expanded to include aryl halides containing primary amides and free carboxylic acid groups. In the case of multifunctional substrates, the Pd-catalyzed amination can provide selectivity that is complementary to the Cu-catalyzed C-N bond-forming processes.

Amides↗
PubMed2003

Coordinate regulation of glutathione biosynthesis and release by Nrf2-expressing glia potently protects neurons from oxidative stress.

Astrocytes have a higher antioxidant potential in comparison to neurons. Pathways associated with this selective advantage include the transcriptional regulation of antioxidant enzymes via the action of the Cap'n'Collar transcription factor Nrf2 at the antioxidant response element (ARE). Here we show that Nrf2 overexpression can reengineer neurons to express this glial pathway and enhance antioxidant gene expression. However, Nrf2-mediated protection from oxidative stress is conferred primarily by glia in mixed cultures. The antioxidant properties of Nrf2-overexpressing glia are more pronounced than those of neurons, and a relatively small number of these glia (< 1% of total cell number added) could protect fully cocultured naive neurons from oxidative glutamate toxicity associated with glutathione (GSH) depletion. Microarray and biochemical analyses indicate a coordinated upregulation of enzymes involved in GSH biosynthesis (xCT cystine antiporter, gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase, and GSH synthase), use (glutathione S-transferase and glutathione reductase), and export (multidrug resistance protein 1) with Nrf2 overexpression, leading to an increase in both media and intracellular GSH. Selective inhibition of glial GSH synthesis and the supplementation of media GSH indicated that an Nrf2-dependent increase in glial GSH synthesis was both necessary and sufficient for the protection of neurons, respectively. Neuroprotection was not limited to overexpression of Nrf2, because activation of endogenous glial Nrf2 by the small molecule ARE inducer, tert-butylhydroquinone, also protected against oxidative glutamate toxicity.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed2003

A practical synthesis of the F-ring of halichondrin B via ozonolytic desymmetrization of a C(2)-symmetric dihydroxycyclohexene.

C(2)-symmetric dihydroxycyclohexene 1 was desymmetrized via a one-pot Criegee ozonolysis/acylation protocol to afford acetal-lactone 2. Installation of the allyl side chain on the convex face of the bicyclic system and subsequent reduction provided the desired tetrahydrofuran 4 with the correct relative and absolute stereochemistries. Simple functional group manipulations led to the desired F-ring module 3 of halichondrin B.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed2003

[Pathogenicity and treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome after thoracotomy].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the causes of acute respiratory distress (ARDS) after thoracotomy and to find out the measures to prevent ARDS. METHODS: The characteristics of incidence, pathogenicity and treatment of ARDS after thoracotomy in 31 patients were analysed. RESULTS: The patients who had chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, long history of smoking, hypertension were prone to ARDS. Injury to lung in operation, shock and pulmonary infection probably caused ARDS. Clearing away respiratory tract secretion, preserving of a clear airway, controlling pulmonary infection, alleviating pneumonedema by diuresis, early executing tracheotomy or mechanic assistant ventilation by tracheointubation were keys to rescuing patients successfully. CONCLUSIONS: It is suggested that multi factors were related to ARDS after thoracotomy. Shock, injury to lung in operation, pulmonary infection, are important factors that lead to post-operative ARDS after thoracotomy. Early treatment can reduce mortality of ARDS.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Stochastic versus stable transcriptional differences on Plasmodium falciparum DNA microarrays.

The recent availability of the Plasmodium falciparum genome sequence has opened up convenient, large-scale analysis of transcriptional products in malaria. Protocols for cDNA labelling, cDNA hybridisation, and fluorescent signal detection developed for other organisms can be applied directly to malaria. However, P. falciparum offers unique challenges in data analysis due to stochastic variability in expression of some gene products, such as variable erythrocyte surface proteins. Careful comparison of global transcriptional patterns in two well-studied clones of P. falciparum (Dd2 and HB3) indicates that reliable, stable transcriptional alterations in malaria can be readily distinguished from stochastic processes. To do this, we utilised a complex experimental design which involves a combination of self-hybridisations and cross-hybridisations between two independently grown parasite populations for each clone being examined (for short, we call this a '2x2 CombiScan'). While even a simple 2x2 CombiScan required 12 microarray hybridisations, the effort generated output that was highly interpretable. Reliable RNA transcriptional differences between Dd2 and HB3 could be readily visualised using public algorithms for data normalisation and clustering.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Imaging as-grown [60]fullerene nanotubes by template technique.

In this contribution we have developed a useful and experimentally easy way to use C60 powder to directly fabricate C60 nanotubes with a mondisperse size distribution and uniform orientation. The structure of C60 nanotubes was confirmed by SEM, TEM, and FT-IR.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2002

A novel route to the F-ring of halichondrin B. Diastereoselection in Pd(0)-mediated meso and C(2) biol desymmetrization.

Both sigma and C(2) symmetric diol diacetates were synthesized via two-directional chain elongation. A palladium-mediated, ligand-controlled C(2) diol desymmetrization provided the desired tetrahydrofuran with the correct relative and absolute stereochemistries. Simple functional group manipulation led to the desired F-ring of halichondrin B. Desymmetrization of the meso substrate enantioselectively provided the diastereomer, leading to a refinement of our understanding of the transition state model. [reaction: see text]

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed2002

Synthesis and characterization of three novel [60]fullerene derivatives toward self-assembled nanoparticles through interaction of hydrogen bonding.

[structure: see text] Three novel fullerene derivatives bearing a 2,6-bis(acylamino) pyridine unit as a hydrogen bonding motif displaying a dimerization tendency were synthesized and characterized by the cycloaddition reaction of alkyl azide to [60]fullerene. An SEM image of the dimerization system of compound 1 indicated spherical particles having a mean diameter of 15 nm with a rather narrow size distribution.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2002

Thiosalicylic acid-functionalized silver nanoparticles synthesized in one-phase system.

A series of silver colloidal dispersions were prepared by two protocols, i.e., addition of the reductant-NaBH(4) and the stabilizer-thiosalicylic acid (TSA) into Ag(+) solution simultaneously or successively. The products were compared and characterized by TEM, electrochemical measurements, XPS, UV-vis, and FT-IR spectra. The size distributions of the Ag nanoparticles prepared by the former and latter protocols are bimodal and monodisperse, respectively. The analytic results of UV-vis spectra coincide with the TEM observation. A tentative explanation was given to the relationship between particle sizes and different synthetic protocols. The changes of the reduction potential of the reductant invoked a variance in particle diameter and size distribution. Electrochemical measurements corroborated our assumption. The composition information of TSA-derived silver nanoparticles was obtained from XPS and FT-IR spectroscopic measurements.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2002

Measurement of ascorbic acid in single human neutrophils by capillary zone electrophoresis with electrochemical detection.

A method has been developed for the determination of ascorbic acid (AA) in individual human neutrophils by capillary zone electrophoresis with electrochemical detection at a carbon fiber microdisk bundle electrode. The natively easily oxidized substances such as glutathione, dopa, dopamine, serotonin, epinephrine do not interfere with the determination of ascorbic acid. A procedure of treating capillaries, which can overcome the influence of the adsorption of the substances in cells on the inner surface wall of the capillary on the migration time and the number of theoretical plates of interests, has been described. The average amount of AA in an individual neutrophil is 0.557 fmol, which is consistent with the literature value.

Ascorbic Acid↗