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Biomedical subjects

Leonard H Glantz

Publications and source records attributed to Leonard H Glantz.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Jacobson v Massachusetts: it's not your great-great-grandfather's public health law.

Jacobson v Massachusetts, a 1905 US Supreme Court decision, raised questions about the power of state government to protect the public's health and the Constitution's protection of personal liberty. We examined conceptions about state power and personal liberty in Jacobson and later cases that expanded, superseded, or even ignored those ideas. Public health and constitutional law have evolved to better protect both health and human rights. States' sovereign power to make laws of all kinds has not changed in the past century. What has changed is the Court's recognition of the importance of individual liberty and how it limits that power. Preserving the public's health in the 21st century requires preserving respect for personal liberty.

Civil Rights↗
PubMed2002

Nontherapeutic research with children: Grimes v Kennedy Krieger Institute.

Research with young children raises difficult issues of law and ethics. A recent Maryland case, Grimes v Kennedy Krieger Institute, Inc, appears to impose restrictive rules on research with children when the subjects are put at risk but cannot derive direct benefit from their involvement in the research project. This case exemplifies the tension that exists between the goal of science to increase knowledge and the protection of the rights and welfare of nonconsenting research subjects. While some language in the opinion may be difficult to understand or apply, for the most part the case reflects the problems other courts and ethicists have had in delineating the role of children in "nontherapeutic" research.

Child↗
PubMed1991

Case vignette: Niki goes to school -- autonomy, control, and psychiatric hospitalization.

The following is a description of a case and a discussion by professionals of the ethical issues raised. Niki turned 18 years old just 3 months ago. She is a freshman student at Central State University, where her father is also a faculty member. Niki has been residing in her parents' home. On Monday afternoon, Niki arrives at the college health service asking for a walk-in appointment. An intake evaluation reveals that she is showing signs of anorexia nervosa and is having suicidal ideation. A decision is made to refer Niki for admission to a local psychiatric facility. She agrees to accept a voluntary admission but advises the staff at both the health center and the hospital that she does not want her parents to know where she is. By Monday evening, Niki's family is very anxious regarding her whereabouts and is telephoning everyone they can think of to try to locate her. Although staff members have been urging Niki to allow them to inform her family of her admission to the hospital, she is still refusing to authorize such disclosure. What should the professionals involved in the case do or say if they are contacted by the parents? What are the parameters of confidentiality in cases of children who are living at home but have attained the age of legal majority?

Adult↗
PubMed1986

The right of elderly patients to refuse life-sustaining treatment.

Some legislation, such as law permitting living wills, has addressed the problem of decisions regarding life-sustaining treatment for the elderly. Most of the developing law on the subject is, however, being made by the courts, often in prospective decisions about treatment. These rulings have followed a variety of approaches to the ends of protecting incompetent patients and enforcing the right of the competent to make their own decisions.

Adult↗