Biomedical subjects

Li Li

Publications and source records attributed to Li Li.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources

PubMed2005

Phototoxicity of Hemoporfin to ovarian cancer.

Hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether (Hemoporfin) is a novel porphyrin-related photosensitizer. Photocytotoxic effect of Hemoporfin to ovarian cancer is still unclear. We used human epithelial ovarian carcinoma cell line SKOV3 and its xenograft model in nude mice to investigate the Hemoporfin-based photodynamic therapy (PDT) for ovarian cancer. The growth rates of SKOV3 cells were determined by MTT assays. Flow cytometry combined with dual Annexin V/PI staining was used to identify the death mode of the cells following PDT. We demonstrated that Hemoprofin-based PDT induced significant cell death via direct necrosis induction, and the photocytotoxity to SKOV3 cells is dose related. With SKOV3 xenograft model in nude mouse, we further demonstrated that Hemoporfin-based PDT is effective for controlling the tumor growth. Our results suggest that Hemoporfin is a promising novel photosensitizer for the treatment of ovarian cancer and merit further evaluation in the clinical practice.

Animals↗

PubMed2005

Passage-restricted differentiation potential of mesenchymal stem cells into cardiomyocyte-like cells.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have limited ability to differentiate into cardiomyocytes and the factors affect this process are not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the passage (P)-related transdifferentiation potential of MSCs into cardiomyocyte-like cells and its relationship to the proliferation ability. After 5-azacytidine treatment, only P4 but not P1 and P8 rat bone marrow MSCs (rMSCs) showed formation of myotube and expressed cardiomyocyte-associated markers. The growth property analysis showed P4 rMSCs had a growth-arrest appearance, while P1 and P8 rMSCs displayed an exponential growth pattern. When the rapid proliferation of P1 and P8 rMSCs was inhibited by 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine, a mitosis inhibitor, only P1, not P8 rMSCs, differentiated into cardiomyocyte-like cells after 5-azacytidine treatment. These results demonstrate that the differentiation ability of rMSCs into cardiomyocytes is in proliferation ability-dependent and passage-restricted patterns. These findings reveal a novel regulation on the transdifferentiation of MSCs and provide useful information for exploiting the clinical therapeutic potential of MSCs.

Animals↗

PubMed2005

Flexion-relaxation response to gravity.

The objective of this report was to study the influence of the orientation of gravitational loading on the behavior of anterior and posterior trunk muscles during anterior trunk flexion-extension. Participants (N=13) performed five (5) cycles of trunk flexion-extension while standing with gravity parallel to the body axis and five (5) cycles while in the supine condition (e.g. sit-ups) with gravity perpendicular to the body axis. Surface electromyographic (EMG) patterns from lumbar paraspinal, rectus abdominis, external oblique, rectus femoris, semimembranosis, and biceps femoris muscles were analyzed during each condition. EMG signals were synchronized with lumbar flexion and trunk inclination angles. Flexion-extension from the standing position resulted in a myoelectric silent period of the lumbar posterior muscles (e.g. flexion-relaxation phenomena (FRP)) as well as the hamstring muscles through deep angles during which activity was observed in abdominal muscles. Flexion-extension during sit-ups, however, resulted in a myoelectric silent period of the abdominal muscles and the quadriceps through deep angles during which the lumbar posterior muscles were active. In this condition, the FRP was not observed in posterior muscles. The new findings demonstrate the profound impact of the orientation of the gravity vector on the FRP, the abdominal muscles reaction to gravitational loads during sit-ups and its relationships with lumbar antagonists and thigh musculature. The new findings suggest that gravitational moments requirements dominate the FRP through the prevailing kinematics, load sharing and reflex activation-inhibition of muscles in various conditions. Lumbar kinematics or fixed sensory motor programs by themselves, however, are not the major contributor to the FRP. The new findings improve our insights into spinal biomechanics as well as understanding and evaluating low back disorders.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2005

Myocardin enhances Smad3-mediated transforming growth factor-beta1 signaling in a CArG box-independent manner: Smad-binding element is an important cis element for SM22alpha transcription in vivo.

Transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 is an important cytokine involved in various diseases. However, the molecular mechanism whereby TGF-beta1 signaling modulates the regulatory network for smooth muscle gene transcription remains largely unknown. To address this question, we previously identified a Smad-binding element (SBE) in the SM22alpha promoter as one of the TGF-beta1 response elements. Here, we show that mutation of the SBE reduces the activation potential of a SM22alpha promoter in transgenic mice during embryogenesis. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays reveal that TGF-beta1 induces Smad3 binding to the SM22alpha promoter in vivo. A multimerized SBE promoter responsive to TGF-beta1 signaling is highly activated by Smad3 but not by the closely related Smad2. Intriguingly, myocardin (Myocd), a known CArG box-dependent serum response factor coactivator, participates in Smad3-mediated TGF-beta1 signaling and synergistically stimulates Smad3-induced SBE promoter activity independent of the CArG box; no such synergy is seen with Smad2. Importantly, Myocd cooperates with Smad3 to activate the wild-type SM22alpha, SM myosin heavy chain, and SMalpha-actin promoters; they also activate the CArG box-mutated SM22alpha promoter as well as the CArG box-independent aortic carboxypeptidase-like protein promoter. Immunopreciptiation assays reveal that Myocd and Smad3 directly interact both in vitro and in vivo. Mutagenesis studies indicate that the C-terminal transactivation domains of Myocd and Smad3 are required for their functional synergy. These results reveal a novel regulatory mechanism whereby Myocd participates in TGF-beta1 signal pathway through direct interaction with Smad3, which binds to the SBEs. This is the first demonstration that Myocd can act as a transcriptional coactivator of the smooth muscle regulatory network in a CArG box-independent manner.

Animals↗

PubMed2005

Protective effects of icariin on neurons injured by cerebral ischemia/reperfusion.

BACKGROUND: It is very important to search for novel anti-ischemia/reperfusion neuroprotective drugs for prevention or treatment of cerebrovascular diseases. Icariin, the major active component of traditional Chinese herb Yinyanghuo, may have a beneficial role for neurons in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion caused by accident. However, it was not clear yet. In this study, we observed the protective effects of icariin on neurons injured by ischemia/reperfusion in vitro and in vivo and investigated its protective mechanism. METHODS: Cerebral cortical neurons of Wistar rats in primary culture were studied during the different periods of oxygen-glucose deprivation and reperfusion with oxygen and glucose. Cell viability was determined by methyl thiazoleterazolium (MTT) assay. The activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leaked from neurons, cell apoptosis and the concentration of intracellular free calcium were measured respectively. On the other hand, the mice model of transient cerebral ischemia/reperfusion was made by bilateral occlusion of common carotid arteries and ischemic hypotension/reperfusion. The mice were divided into several groups at random: sham operated group, model group and icariin preventive treatment group. The changes of mice behavioral, activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured, respectively. RESULTS: Treatment with icariin (final concentration 0.25, 0.5, and 1 mg/L) during ischemia/reperfusion-mimetic incubation in vitro concentration-dependently attenuated neuronal damage with characteristics of increasing injured neuronal absorbance of MTT, decreasing LDH release, decreasing cell apoptosis, and blunting elevation of intracellular calcium concentration. And in vivo the learning and memory abilities significantly decreased, activities of SOD were diminished and MDA level increased obviously in model group, compared with that in sham operated group. But pre-treatment of model mice with icariin (10, 30 and 100 mg/kg, i.g.) significantly blunted the decrease of mice learning, memory ability and SOD activity, and markedly decreased MDA level. CONCLUSIONS: Icariin has protective effects on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injured neurons. And decreasing cell apoptosis, preventing intracellular calcium concentration elevation and enhancing anti-oxidant capacity may contribute to its protective effects.

Animals↗

PubMed2005

Cyclooxygenase-2 is over-expressed in Chinese esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, and correlated with NF-kappaB: an immunohistochemical study.

BACKGROUND: Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), the inducible isoform of the key enzyme in the synthesis of prostaglandins, has been found to be over-expressed in several human cancers. The aim of the present study was to investigate immunohistochemical expression of COX-2 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and relationship with clinicopathological parameters and NF-kappaB. METHODS: Expression of COX-2 and NF-kappaB was investigated in 69 cases of esophageal SCC by immunohistochemistry and the correlation of COX-2 expression with clinicopathological features and NF-kappaB staining was examined. RESULTS: Thirty-one esophageal SCC (31/69, 44.9%) had positive expression of COX-2. COX-2 was expressed significantly higher in well-differentiated tumors (16/23, 69.6%) than that in moderate (13/34, 38.2%) and poor (2/12, 16.7%) differentiation (P = 0.034). COX-2 expression was increasingly progressive with the advance of the clinical stages significantly (P = 0.045). The correlation between COX-2 (47/99, 47.5%) and NF-kappaB/p50 (54/99, 54.5%) immunostaining was statistically significant (P = 0.030). CONCLUSIONS: COX-2 is over-expressed in esophageal SCC, especially in a well differentiation, correlated with tumor progression, and possibly regulated by NF-kappaB.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

TIM-2 is expressed on B cells and in liver and kidney and is a receptor for H-ferritin endocytosis.

T cell immunoglobulin-domain and mucin-domain (TIM) proteins constitute a receptor family that was identified first on kidney and liver cells; recently it was also shown to be expressed on T cells. TIM-1 and -3 receptors denote different subsets of T cells and have distinct regulatory effects on T cell function. Ferritin is a spherical protein complex that is formed by 24 subunits of H- and L-ferritin. Ferritin stores iron atoms intracellularly, but it also circulates. H-ferritin, but not L-ferritin, shows saturable binding to subsets of human T and B cells, and its expression is increased in response to inflammation. We demonstrate that mouse TIM-2 is expressed on all splenic B cells, with increased levels on germinal center B cells. TIM-2 also is expressed in the liver, especially in bile duct epithelial cells, and in renal tubule cells. We further demonstrate that TIM-2 is a receptor for H-ferritin, but not for L-ferritin, and expression of TIM-2 permits the cellular uptake of H-ferritin into endosomes. This is the first identification of a receptor for ferritin and reveals a new role for TIM-2.

Animals↗

PubMed2005

B7 molecule mRNA expression in colorectal carcinoma.

AIM: To observe the status of tumor-associated B(7) molecule mRNA expression in human colorectal cancer tissue by in situ hybridization. METHODS: The mRNA expression patterns of cancer-associated B(7-1),B(7)H(1),B(7)H(2),ICOS in 22 specimens of human colorectal cancer tissue were monitored by in situ hybridization (ISH) with digoxin-labeled oligonucleotide probes. RESULTS: B(7-1),B(7)H(1),B(7)H(2),ICOS mRNA were detected in both cancer cells and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL). The mRNA expression level of these molecules in tumor cells was higher than that in TIL (0.76+/-0.54 - 1.62+/-0.82 vs 0.38+/-0.19 - 0.65+/-0.33, P<0.001). There was no relationship between expression level of tested B(7) family molecules and patients' sex, age, differentiation status of cancer and regional lymph node metastasis. CONCLUSION: Th2 cytokine predominant in tumor microenvironment might be related to the expression of B(7)H(1),B(7)H(2) co-signal molecules in tumor cells and TIL.

Antigens, CD↗

PubMed2005

Determination of apoptosis, uracil incorporation, DNA strand breaks, and sister chromatid exchanges under conditions of thymidylate deprivation in a model of BER deficiency.

Thymidylate synthase (TS) is an important target of several chemotherapeutic agents. During TS inhibition, dTTP levels decrease with a subsequent increase in dUTP. Uracil incorporated into the genome is removed by base excision repair (BER). BER has been hypothesized to play a role in the response to thymidylate deprivation, despite a lack of direct evidence. We previously found that beta-pol null murine fibroblasts were approximately six-fold more resistant than wild-type cells to raltitrexed, a folate-based inhibitor specific for TS. In this study, a number of endpoints were determined to understand the influence of BER and beta-pol during raltitrexed treatment. Raltitrexed induced apoptosis in wild-type cells to a greater extent than in beta-pol null cells. A PARP inhibitor decreased the sensitivity to raltitrexed, although the extent was not different between wild-type and beta-pol null cells. No evidence was seen for extensive strand break formation that preceded apoptosis, although raltitrexed induced more sister chromatid exchanges in wild-type cells. Increased levels of uracil in DNA were detected following treatment in wild-type and beta-pol null cells. However, uracil levels were only approximately two-fold higher in DNA from treated cells compared to untreated. Uracil DNA glycosylase activity was slightly higher in beta-pol null cells, although not sufficiently different to explain the difference in sensitivity to raltitrexed. Taken together, the data suggest that the sensitivity of the wild-type cells to raltitrexed is not associated with activation of PARP-1 dependent BER, extensive uracil incorporation into DNA and persistent strand breaks, but rather with changes suggestive of DNA recombination.

Animals↗

PubMed2005

Spindlin1, a novel nuclear protein with a role in the transformation of NIH3T3 cells.

spindlin1, a novel human gene recently isolated by our laboratory, is highly homologous to mouse spindlin gene. In this study, we cloned cDNA full-length of this novel gene and send it to GenBank database as spindlin1 (Homo sapiens spindlin1) with Accession No. AF317228. In order to investigate the function of spindlin1, we studied further the subcellular localization of Spindlin1 protein and the effects of spindlin1 overexpression in NIH3T3 cells. The results showed that the fusion protein pEGFP-N1-spindlin1 was located in the nucleus and the C-terminal is correlated with nuclear localization of Spindlin1 protein. NIH3T3 cells which could stably express spindlin1 as a result of RT-PCR analysis compared with the control cells displayed a complete morphological change; made cell growth faster; and increased the percentage of cells in G2/M and S phase. Furthermore, overexpressed spindlin1 cells formed colonies in soft agar in vitro and formed tumors in nude mice. Our findings provide direct evidence that spindlin1 gene may contribute to tumorigenesis.

Agar↗

PubMed2005

Simultaneous determination of 10 major flavonoids in Dalbergia odorifera by high performance liquid chromatography.

A reversed-phase liquid chromatographic method was developed for the simultaneous quantification of 10 major flavonoids, namely butin, (3R)-4'-methoxy-2',3,7-trihydroxyisoflavanone, liquiritigenin, melanettin, violanone, vistitone, formononetin, dalbergin, sativanone and medicarpin in the heartwood of Dalbergia odorifera, an important traditional Chinese medicine. Samples were extracted with 60% methanol. The optimal conditions of separation and detection were achieved on an Agilent Zorbax SB-C18 column (250 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 microm) with a gradient of acetonitrile and 0.3% (v/v) aqueous acetic acid, at a flow rate of 0.8 ml/min, detected at 275 nm. The complete separation was obtained within 55 min for the 10 target compounds. All calibration curves showed good linearity (r2>0.999) within test ranges. The assay was reproducible with overall intra- and inter-day variation of less than 3%. The mean recovery of the method was 100+/-10%, with R.S.D. less than 5%. The current assay method was considered to be suitable for the quality control of D. odorifera samples and could be readily utilized for the determination of the active principles present in this medicinal herb.

Calibration↗

PubMed2005

Identification and characterization of a prawn white spot syndrome virus gene that encodes an envelope protein VP31.

Based on a combination of SDS-PAGE and mass spectrometry, a protein with an apparent molecular mass of 31 kDa (termed as VP31) was identified from purified shrimp white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) envelope fraction. The resulting amino acid (aa) sequence matched an open reading frame (WSV340) of the WSSV genome. This ORF contained 783 nucleotides (nt), encoding 261 aa. A fragment of WSV340 was expressed in Escherichia coli as a glutathione S-transferase (GST) fusion protein with a 6His-tag, and then specific antibody was raised. Western blot analysis and the immunoelectron microscope method (IEM) confirmed that VP31 was present exclusively in the viral envelope fraction. The neutralization experiment suggested that VP31 might play an important role in WSSV infectivity.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed2005

Detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus in the brain: potential role of the chemokine mig in pathogenesis.

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have shown that common human coronavirus might be neurotropic, although it was first isolated as a pathogen of the respiratory tract. We noticed that a few patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) experienced central nervous symptoms during the course of illness. In the present study, we isolated a SARS coronavirus strain from a brain tissue specimen obtained from a patient with SARS with significant central nervous symptoms. METHODS: Using transmission electronic microscopy and nested reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, the causative pathogen was identified in cultures of a brain tissue specimen obtained from the patient with SARS. Histopathologic examination of the brain tissue was performed using the methods of immunohistochemistry analysis and double immunofluorescence staining. Fifteen cytokines and chemokines were detected in the blood of the patient with SARS by means of a bead-based multiassay system. RESULTS: A fragment specific for SARS human coronavirus was amplified from cultures of the brain suspension, and transmission electronic microscopy revealed the presence of an enveloped virus morphologically compatible with a coronavirus isolated in the cultures. Pathologic examination of the brain tissue revealed necrosis of neuron cells and broad hyperplasia of gliocytes. Immunostaining demonstrated that monokine induced by interferon- gamma (Mig) was expressed in gliocytes with the infiltration of CD68+ monocytes/macrophages and CD3+ T lymphocytes in the brain mesenchyme. Cytokine/chemokine assay revealed that levels of interferon- gamma -inducible protein 10 and Mig in the blood were highly elevated, although the levels of other cytokines and chemokines were close to normal. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides direct evidence that SARS human coronavirus is capable of infecting the central nervous system, and that Mig might be involved in the brain immunopathology of SARS.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

Dioxin concentration in human milk in Hebei province in China and Tokyo, Japan: potential dietary risk factors and determination of possible sources.

Very limited information is available on body burdens and environmental levels of dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs (dl-PCBs) in mainland China. In the current studies, human milk samples were collected from 30 breastfeeding mothers in Shijiazhuang city (industrialized) and 11 in the Tanshan countryside (agricultural) of Hebei Province in northern China. An additional 20 samples were obtained from mothers in Tokyo, Japan. PCDDs, PCDFs, and dl-PCBs in human milk were analyzed by high-resolution gas chromatography/high-resolution mass spectrometry. Our results show that arithmetic means for body burdens of PCDDs/Fs and dl-PCBs in Hebei were 3.6 and 1.9 pg TEQg(-1) fat, respectively, which were only about one fourth of the levels in Japan. In addition, no difference was found in the chemical levels except dl-PCBs between the urban and rural areas. Based on the results of an in-person interview of the Chinese mothers using a 59-item questionnaire, freshwater fish consumption was found to correlate with the body burden of dioxins. Principal component analysis of dioxin congeners revealed that the patterns of dioxins in the Hebei urban and rural areas are quite similar; however, they are clearly different from those in Japan. Collectively, our results suggest that the lower body burdens of dioxin in Hebei may be due in part to the relatively slow industrialization and a lower consumption of marine foods. Finally, the results indicate that comprehensive monitoring of dioxins and dl-PCBs in humans as well as in the environment and foods is necessary in China.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

Brassinosteroids stimulate plant tropisms through modulation of polar auxin transport in Brassica and Arabidopsis.

Brassinosteroids (BRs) are important plant growth regulators in multiple developmental processes. Previous studies have indicated that BR treatment enhanced auxin-related responses, but the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Using (14)C-labeled indole-3-acetic acid and Arabidopsis thaliana plants harboring an auxin-responsive reporter construct, we show that the BR brassinolide (BL) stimulates polar auxin transport capacities and modifies the distribution of endogenous auxin. In plants treated with BL or defective in BR biosynthesis or signaling, the transcription of PIN genes, which facilitate functional auxin transport in plants, was differentially regulated. In addition, BL enhanced plant tropistic responses by promoting the accumulation of the PIN2 protein from the root tip to the elongation zone and stimulating the expression and dispersed localization of ROP2 during tropistic responses. Constitutive overexpression of ROP2 results in enhanced polar accumulation of PIN2 protein in the root elongation region and increased gravitropism, which is significantly affected by latrunculin B, an inhibitor of F-actin assembly. The ROP2 dominant negative mutants (35S-ROP2-DA/DN) show delayed tropistic responses, and this delay cannot be reversed by BL addition, strongly supporting the idea that ROP2 modulates the functional localization of PIN2 through regulation of the assembly/reassembly of F-actins, thereby mediating the BR effects on polar auxin transport and tropistic responses.

Actins↗

PubMed2005

Mesorectal spread and micrometastasis of rectal cancer studied with large slice technique and tissue microarray.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Mesorectal tissue seems to be an ideal substrate for the spreading of tumors. The aim was to study the distribution of mesorectal neoplastic foci, examine occurrence of circumferential margin involvement and investigate micrometastasis of the lymph nodes. METHODS: A large slice technique, combined with tissue microarray, was used in the pathologic study of 31 specimens operated on following the principles of total mesorectal excision (TME). RESULTS: Three hundred and forty-nine mesorectal neoplastic foci were examined from 18 specimens. Almost one third of them were in the outer layer of mesorectum. Concerning position of primary tumor, ipsolateral neoplastic foci were significantly more than contralateral neoplstic foci. Twelve specimens were diagnosed to have circumferential margin involved. Nine hundred and ninety-two lymph nodes were harvested with 148 involved by tumor. No significant difference in occurrence of micrometastasis was observed among tumors of different stage. CONCLUSION: Combination of large slice and tissue microarray provided a more detailed method in studying the spread of rectal cancer. Complete excision of the mesorectum with fascia propria circumferentially intact is essential since there is an outer scattering and lateral discrepancy for neoplastic foci distribution. Circumferential margin involvement and micrometastasis observed suggested adoption of preoperative and/or postoperative radiochemotherapy.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

Quantitative coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering imaging of lipid distribution in coexisting domains.

We demonstrate quantitative vibrational imaging of specific lipid molecules in single bilayers using laser-scanning coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscopy with a lateral resolution of 0.25 mum. A lipid is spectrally separated from other molecules by using deuterated acyl chains that provide a large CARS signal from the symmetric CD(2) stretch vibration around 2100 cm(-1). Our temperature control experiments show that d62-DPPC has similar bilayer phase segregation property as DPPC when mixing with DOPC. By using epi-detection and optimizing excitation and detection conditions, we are able to generate a clear vibrational contrast from d62-DPPC of 10% molar fraction in a single bilayer of DPPC/d62-DPPC mixture. We have developed and experimentally verified an image analysis model that can derive the relative molecular concentration from the difference of the two CARS intensities measured at the peak and dip frequencies of a CARS band. With the above strategies, we have measured the molar density of d62-DPPC in the coexisting domains inside the DOPC/d62-DPPC (1:1) supported bilayers incorporated with 0-40% cholesterol. The observed interesting changes of phospholipid organization upon addition of cholesterol to the bilayer are discussed.

1,2-Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine↗

PubMed2005

Value of CT-guided core-needle biopsy in diagnosis and classification of malignant lymphomas using automated biopsy gun.

AIM: To evaluate the value of CT-guided core-needle biopsy in diagnosis and classification of malignant lymphomas. METHODS: From January 1999 to October 2004, CT-guided core-needle biopsies were performed in 80 patients with suspected malignant lymphoma. Biopsies were performed with an 18-20 G biopsy-cut (CR Bard, Inc., Covington, GA, USA) needle driven by a spring-loaded Bard biopsy gun. RESULTS: A definite diagnosis and accurate histological subtype were obtained in 61 patients with a success rate of 76.25% (61/80). Surgical sampling was performed in 19 patients (23.75%) with non-diagnostic core-needle biopsies. The success rate of CT-guided core-needle biopsy varied with the histopathologic subtypes in our group. The relatively high success rates of core-needle biopsy were noted in diffuse large B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL, 88.89%) and peripheral T-cell NHL (90%). However, the success rates were relatively low in anaplastic large cell (T/null cell) lymphoma (ALCL, 44.44%) and Hodgkin's disease (HD, 28.57%) in our group. CONCLUSION: CT-guided core-needle biopsy is a reliable means of diagnosing and classifying malignant lymphomas, and can be widely applied in the management of patients with suspected malignant lymphoma.

Adolescent↗