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Biomedical subjects

Lisa Kelly

Publications and source records attributed to Lisa Kelly.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Devices for chronic occlusion.

Interventional cardiology has advanced into domains once believed to be beyond the reach of percutaneous procedures. As technologic advances continue to push the limits of the interventionalist's capabilities, several areas still exert considerable resistance to this forward momentum. These technically difficult frontiers include bifurcated lesions, small-vessel disease, multivessel disease, diffuse disease, and chronic total occlusions.

Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary↗
PubMed2004

8-OH-DPAT acts on both 5-HT1A and 5-HT7 receptors to induce hypothermia in rodents.

Studies using selective drugs and knockout mice have demonstrated that the 5-HT(7) receptor plays an instrumental role in serotonin-induced hypothermia. There is also evidence supporting an involvement of the 5-HT(1A) receptor, although mainly from studies using 8-hydroxy-2(di-n-propylamino)tetralin (8-OH-DPAT), a 5-HT(1A/7) receptor agonist. Here we studied the effects of 8-OH-DPAT and selective antagonists for the 5-HT(1A) and 5-HT(7) receptors on body temperature in rats, wild-type (5-HT(7)(+/+)) mice and knockout (5-HT(7)(-/-)) mice. At lower doses (0.3-0.6 mg/kg, i.p.), 8-OH-DPAT decreased body temperature in 5-HT(7)(+/+) mice but not in 5-HT(7)(-/-) mice. At a higher dose (1 mg/kg, i.p.) 8-OH-DPAT induced hypothermia in both 5-HT(7)(-/-) and 5-HT(7)(+/+) mice. The 5-HT(1A) receptor antagonist (S)-N-tert-butyl-3-(4-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazine-1-yl)-2-phenylpropanamide (WAY-100135) (10 mg/kg, i.p.) inhibited the effect of 8-OH-DPAT at all doses in rats and mice. In 5-HT(7)(+/+) mice the selective 5-HT(7) receptor antagonist (R)-3-(2-(2-(4-methylpiperidin-1-yl)-ethyl)pyrrolidine-1-sulfonyl)phenol (SB-269970) (10 mg/kg, i.p.) fully inhibited the hypothermia induced by 0.3 mg/kg 8-OH-DPAT, but not that of higher doses. In rats, SB-269970 caused a 60% inhibition of the hypothermia induced by 0.3 mg/kg 8-OH-DPAT. Thus, both 5-HT(7) and 5-HT(1A) receptors are involved in a complex manner in thermoregulation, with the 5-HT(7) receptor being more important at lower, possibly more physiological, concentrations.

8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin↗
PubMed2004

Teen home pregnancy test takers: more worried or more wishful?

OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that teenagers who have taken home pregnancy tests are more ambivalent about remaining nonpregnant than those who have not and, for this reason, use contraceptives less consistently. METHODS: A racially diverse group of 340 inadequately contracepting, nulligravida teens, 94 (28%) of whom had taken a home pregnancy test, was studied. At enrollment, participants completed a self-administered questionnaire, were counseled about contraceptive options, and were given the opportunity to initiate their method of choice. The enrollment tool assessed traditional teen-pregnancy risk factors, expectations about the effects of childbearing, common deterrents to contraceptive use, the desirability of remaining nonpregnant, and contraceptive use and plans. RESULTS: Home pregnancy test takers were more apt to be unsure that they wanted to remain nonpregnant (relative risk [RR]:1.3; 95% confidence interval [CI]:1.1-1.6), principally because they were more likely to lack negative expectations about the effects of childbearing on their lives (odds ratio: 2.2; 95% CI = 1.2-4.0). Although no more likely to perceive deterrents to contraceptive use, pregnancy-test-kit users were more apt to have had unprotected sexual intercourse in the past (RR:1.3; 95% CI:1.1-1.5) and to plan to do so in the future (RR:1.7; 95% CI:1.1-3.3). Group differences in the desire to remain nonpregnant accounted for differences in contraceptive behavior and plans. CONCLUSION: Home pregnancy test taking should be regarded as a red flag by those who care for adolescents; although they are as capable of using contraceptives as their peers, test takers are less apt to do so because they expect less negative consequences from childbearing and, for this reason, may benefit more from discussing childbearing expectations than contraceptive options.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Developing health messages: qualitative studies with children, parents, and teachers help identify communications opportunities for healthful lifestyles and the prevention of obesity.

Childhood overweight is at an all-time high in the United States. In an effort to better understand children's, parents', and teachers' attitudes, perceptions, and behaviors about preventing overweight in childhood and to explore potential avenues for communicating overweight prevention messages, we conducted qualitative research with these three groups in 2000. Our research consisted of three progressive phases, each building on information obtained from the previous phase: Phase 1, 16 focus groups (N = 112); Phase 2, in-home observations, in-depth interviews, and diaries (N = 6 families); Phase 3, 10 qualitative interview sessions (N = 46). Both parents and children indicated that encouragement and "small victories" to sustain involvement in getting more fit were critical to success. The findings also suggest that children need direct messages to motivate them to change their exercise and eating habits, as well as tips on cooperating with their parents to achieve fitness goals. Parents need to learn how to talk about eating and exercise habits with their children in positive and encouraging ways and to learn how to help their children maintain efforts to get fit. Teachers consider it essential that parents support healthful lifestyles at home. Parents and children need positive, realistic approaches to getting fit, such as answers to questions about healthful lifestyles; ideas for physical games and activities the family can enjoy together; attainable goals and small steps to healthful eating; healthful meal, snack, and recipe suggestions; incentive ideas for getting kids active; and referral services for local support groups. Parents and children need to work together in addressing the overweight prevention issue and need effective tools to facilitate this cooperative effort.

Adult↗