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Biomedical subjects

M A Berry

Publications and source records attributed to M A Berry.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Review article: orthograde gut lavage for colonoscopy.

Most colon cleansing regimens for surgical and diagnostic procedures such as colonoscopy are modifications of older barium enema X-ray preparations which have evolved in gastrointestinal laboratories influenced by empiric experience. Recent formal study allows for careful comparison of gut lavage, diet and cathartic, and oral sodium phosphate preparations. This review will evaluate oral lavage solutions and address their safety, tolerance and efficacy. Administration options are discussed as well as other diet and cathartic methods previously referred to as 'standard preps'.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1980

Fitness variables and the lipid profile in United States astronauts.

The study examines the relationship between several measures of fitness and the lipid profile in United States astronauts. Data were collected on 89 astronauts, previously selected (PSA) and newly selected (NSA), during their annual physical examinations. Several similarities were seen in the two groups. The PSA (mean age of 46.1) had a lower maximum VO2 (41.7 ml . mg . min-1 vs. 47.5 ml . kg . min-1); when adjusted for age, it was no different from the NSA (mean age 33.5). The PSA had similar body composition with 15.7%--lower than expected for age. The lipid profiles of the two groups were basically the same with the differences being a function of age. Compared to a normative population, the astronauts had similar cholesterols, lower triglycerides, and higher HDLs. The astronaut profiles were generally more favorable than the age-matched controls, which is felt to be a result of the self-supervised conditioning program and annual preventive medicine consultation and education.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Hypertension in the civilian flying population: significant or not?

Hypertension is a significant illness that affects a large portion of the population of the United States. We have determined the extent of this illness within the civilian pilot population of the U.S. We reviewed data pertaining to the current prevalence of hypertension in the general population and compared these results to similar data on the pilot population. Though there are some limitations to a direct comparison of these data, we found the pilot population to be significantly different from the general population. The prevalence of hypertension in the general population was 30 times greater than for pilots. Though the overall prevalence in pilots was small, we still consider hypertension to be a significant illness in this group.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Depressed myocardial function in the goat at high altitude.

To determine if depressed myocardial function contributes to the reported decrease in cardiac performance at high altitude, six chronically instrumented, unsedated goats were studied before, during, and after 2-wk exposure to hypobaric hypoxia (PaO2 44 mmHg). Undistorted ventricular pressure wave form was obtained from a miniature transducer implanted in the left ventricular cavity. The relationship between (dP/dt)/28P and P was extrapolated to obtain Vmax as an index of myocardial function. With beta sympathetic blockade (practolol) and pacing to reproduce heart rates, Vmax was uniformly and significantly depressed (P less than 0.01) during chronic hypoxia, and returned to control values following descent to low altitude. Likewise, stroke volume following saline infusion was decreased at high altitude and returned to control values following descent. Acute relief of hypoxia at high altitude by administration of 100% oxygen by mask did not reverse the depressed Vmax. These findings indicate that chronic hypobaric hypoxia produces a depression of myocardial function which is reversible by chronic but not acute relief of hypoxia.

Adaptation, Physiological↗