Biomedical subjects

M A Bogdan

Publications and source records attributed to M A Bogdan.

6 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2004

CT angiography in complex upper extremity reconstruction.

Computed tomography angiography is a new technique that provides high-resolution, three-dimensional vascular imaging as well as excellent bone and soft tissue spatial relationships. The purpose of this study was to examine the use of computed tomography angiography in planning upper extremity reconstruction. Seventeen computed tomography angiograms were obtained in 14 patients over a 20-month period. All studies were obtained on an outpatient basis with contrast administered through a peripheral vein. All the studies demonstrated the pertinent anatomy and the intraoperative findings were as demonstrated in all cases. Information from two studies significantly altered pre-operative planning. The average charge for computed tomography angiography was 1,140 dollars, compared to 3,900 dollars for traditional angiography.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2003

Efficacy and safety of inhaled budesonide delivered once or twice daily via HFA-134a in mild to moderate persistent asthma in adult patients. Comparison with budesonide CFC.

This study was undertaken to investigate whether budesonide 4001 microg twice daily (Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A.) given with the HFA-134a propellant is equivalent in efficacy and safety to the same dose regimen delivered with the marketed CFC product in adult asthmatics with mild to moderate persistent asthma; the effects of budesonide HFA 800 microg once daily were also studied. After a 2-week run-in, a total number of 98, 103 and 97 patients were assigned to the 12-week treatment with budesonide given with HFA or CFC twice daily (morning and evening), or HFA once daily (morning), respectively. The main outcome variable morning PEFR, as well as evening PEFR and clinical symptoms (day-time and night-time asthma attacks, number of asthma-induced night-time awakenings and overall symptoms' scores) were measured daily by patients. Other standard pulmonary function testing were measured at clinic visits. A blood sample for morning serum dosing (8.00-10.00 AM) was taken at baseline and at endpoint. Adverse events and vital signs were also recorded. Significant improvements at endpoint in morning and evening PEFR, as well as in clinic PEFR and MEF50, were observed in both the twice daily groups only. An exact proof of equivalence between HFA and CFC given twice daily was demonstrated for the primary parameters, morning PEFR (equivalence pre-defined limits were +/- 40.27 l/min, difference between means = 4.0 l/min and 95% CI -6.9-14.9) and secondary parameters as evening PEFR: (limits +/- 40.19 l/min, difference between means = 2.1 l/min and 95% Confidence interval (CI) -9.4-13.5) and FEV1 (limits +/- 0.27 l, difference between means = 0.0 l and 95% CI -0.11-0.10). Less evident (but within limits) proofs of equivalence were shown in the comparisons with the once daily group. No substantial differences between the three groups were observed for the other efficacy variables, including symptoms and use of rescue salbutamol, which significantly improved over the run-in values in all groups. Minimal and non-significant decreases over pre-treatment values were observed in the three groups for morning serum cortisol levels: the analysis of individual data has shown a better outcome in the HFA twice daily regimen, compared with the other two groups. Again, a similar amount of patients in both the twice daily groups reported drug-related adverse events, which were more frequent in the once daily HFA group. Therefore, the results of this study have shown that inhaled budesonide given with new HFA-134a propellant can replace microgram-equivalent doses of the corresponding marketed CFC product when given twice daily. An overall maintainment and an unchanged risk-benefit ratio has emerged for budesonide HFA given once daily, which was however slightly inferior compared with the standard twice daily regimens.

Administration, Inhalation↗

PubMed2001

Gene expression of transforming growth factor beta isoforms in interposition nerve grafting.

Scar production and neuroma formation at nerve graft coaptation sites may limit axonal regeneration and impair functional outcome. Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) is a family of growth factors that is involved in scar formation, wound healing, and nerve regeneration. Fifteen adult Sprague-Dawley rats underwent autogenous nerve grafting. The nerve grafts were analyzed by in situ hybridization to determine the temporal and spatial expression of TGF-beta1 and TGF-beta3 messenger RNA (mRNA). The grafted nerves showed increased expression of TGF-beta1 and TGF-beta3 mRNA in the nerve and the surrounding connective tissue during the first postoperative week. These data suggest that modulation of TGF-beta levels in the first postoperative week may be effective in helping to control scar formation and improve nerve regeneration.

Animals↗

PubMed2001

A randomization test-based method for risk assessment in neurotoxicology.

A current trend in risk assessment for systemic toxicity (noncancer) endpoints is to utilize the observable range of the dose-effect curve in order to estimate the likelihood of obtaining effects at lower concentrations. Methods to accomplish this endeavor are typically based on variability in either the effects of fixed doses (benchmark approaches), or on variability in the doses producing a fixed effect (probabilistic or tolerance-distribution approaches). The latter method may be particularly desirable because it can be used to determine variability in the effect of an agent in a population, which is an important goal of risk assessment. This method of analysis, however, has typically been accomplished using dose-effect data from individual subjects, which can be impractical in toxicology. A new method is therefore presented that can use traditional groups-design data to generate a set of dose-effect functions. Population tolerances for a specific effect can then be estimated from these model dose-effect functions. It is based on the randomization test, which assesses the generality of a data set by comparing it to a data set constructed from randomized combinations of single point estimates. The present article describes an iterative line-fitting program that generates such a data set and then uses it to provide risk assessments for two pesticides, triadimefon and carbaryl. The effects of these pesticides were studied on the locomotor activity of laboratory rats, a common neurobehavioral end point. Triadimefon produced dose-dependent increases in activity, while carbaryl produced dose-dependent decreases in activity. Risk figures derived from the empirical distribution of individual dose-effect functions were compared to those from the iterative line-fitting program. The results indicate that the method generates comparable risk figures, although potential limitations are also described.

Animals↗

PubMed2000

Community acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus hand infections: case reports and clinical implications.

We report a series of 4 cases of community acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus hand infections in patients without risk factors. Methicillin-resistant S aureus infections commonly involve the skin and soft tissue; therefore, hand infections may become more common as the prevalence of this pathogen increases. Hand surgeons must be aware of this emerging pathogen and obtain appropriate tissue cultures to diagnose and effectively treat this infection.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Monocrotaline induce pulmonary hypertension in animal models].

The pulmonary hypertension is a serious disease, difficult to treat, and its mechanisms remain however to be elucidated. It is known that administration of small doses of MCT or its active metabolite, monocrotaline pyrrole (MCTP); to rats causes delayed and progressive lung injury characterized by pulmonary vascular remodeling which induces pulmonary hypertension. The purpose of this article is to get used to vascular, cellular and molecular changes in pulmonary hypertension, in order to create a personal experimental animal model. This experimental model will try to find new ways of therapeutical strategies in human pulmonary hypertension.

Animals↗