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Biomedical subjects

M A Brenner

Publications and source records attributed to M A Brenner.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Adenovirus infection after pediatric bone marrow transplantation.

Retrospective analysis of 206 patients undergoing 215 consecutive bone marrow transplants (BMT) at St Jude Children's Research Hospital between November 1990 and December 1994 identified 6% (seven male, six female) with adenovirus infection. The affected patients had a median age of 7.9 years (range 3-24 years) at time of transplantation. Although transplants were performed for hematologic malignancies, solid tumors or nonmalignant conditions, only patients with hematologic malignancies had adenoviral infections. Adenovirus was first detected at a median of 54 days (range -4 to +333) after BMT. Adenovirus developed in eight of 69 (11.6%) patients receiving grafts from matched unrelated or mismatched related donors, in four of 52 (7.7%) receiving grafts from HLA-matched siblings, and in one of 93 (1.1%) receiving autografts. The most common manifestation of adenovirus infection was hemorrhagic cystitis, followed by gastroenteritis, pneumonitis and liver failure. The incidence of adenovirus infection in pediatric BMT patients at our institution is similar to that reported in adult patients. Using univariate analysis, use of total body irradiation and type of bone marrow graft were significant risk factors for adenovirus infection. Only use of total body irradiation remained as a factor on multiple logistic regression analysis.

Adenoviridae Infections↗
PubMed1995

Thyroid hormone action: effect of triiodothyronine on mitochondrial adenine nucleotide translocase in vivo and in vitro.

Adenine nucleotide translocase (AdNT) levels were measured as the exchange of extramitochondrial against intramitochondrial adenosine diphosphate (ADP) in liver, spleen, and testes mitochondria isolated from normal and hypothyroid rats using the "back-exchange" and atractyloside-stop method of Pfaff and Klingenberg. The results provide confirmation of previous reports that mitochondria from hypothyroid rats show a markedly diminished AdNT activity, which is restored to normal levels within 72 hours by intraperitoneal injection of 10 to 20 micrograms triiodothyronine (T3)/100 g body weight. The latter dose was found in dose-response studies to result in maximal stimulation of AdNT in liver mitochondria. Qualitatively similar results on AdNT activity were obtained in liver mitochondria within 30 to 60 minutes following intravenous injection into hypothyroid rats of a more physiological dose of T3 (40 ng/100 g body weight). AdNT in mitochondria isolated from spleen and testes (organs that do not exhibit a calorigenic response after administration of thyroid hormone to the whole animal) failed to respond to thyroidectomy and to administration of T3. More recently, we have observed that in vitro replacement of T3 also stimulates AdNT activity in hypothyroid liver mitochondria. The enzyme adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase was examined as another possible candidate for direct hormonal stimulation of mitochondria. Simultaneous determinations on the same rats after intraperitoneal injection of T3 (20 micrograms/100 g body weight) showed little or no effect on ATP synthase until after 37 to 85 hours, whereas enhanced activity of the translocator was regularly observed at 17 hours.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMed1994

Tracking the diabetic foot: adjunctive treatment with collagen material.

Many people with diabetes mellitus have foot lesions that can lead to amputation if they do not receive excellent care. Coordinating patient care with other specialists, using new treatment technology, educating the patient, and including the patient as a significant part of the team are all required for effective patient care. The use of a new, technologically advanced product, Kollagen, is illustrated in two case studies. Collagen plays a significant part in almost every function of the body. Previously, the broad use of collagen was stifled because of cost. Recent advances have made it possible to develop cost-effective gels, powders, pouches, and thin dressings.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed1990

The diabetic foot with synovial cyst.

Diabetic lower extremity infections, frequently polymicrobial, are at times fascinating though frustrating for the practitioner to treat. The classical triad of neuropathy, infection, and angiopathy is the hallmark of diabetic foot pathology. One of the main forms demonstrating the severe long-term neuropathic disease is called osteoarthropathy or Charcot joint. This is usually relatively painless, always progressive, and frequently destructive. It generally attacks the midtarsal joint and eventually changes the entire architecture of the foot, causing the so-called "rocker bottom" foot type. We present a case of a severely destructive Charcot foot that caused a large synovial cyst because of its vast underlying osseous pathology. The morbidity and mortality of these infections can be minimized by understanding the unique challenges these individuals offer the practitioner.

Arthropathy, Neurogenic↗
PubMed1989

HIS: the clinician's role.

In summary, it can be said that healthcare information systems are rapidly entering a period of technological change for a variety of legitimate reasons. In order to meet the required professional functionality, we believe workstation technology will have to be adapted. This need will require the active involvement of healthcare professional design teams in the creation and evolution of the workstation. The knowledgeable healthcare professional can augment and help assure the success of healthcare information systems departments during this challenging period.

Computer User Training↗
PubMed1988

Thyroid hormone action: early calorigenic effect on dispersed rat liver cells in the absence of protein synthesis.

Isolated dispersed rat liver cells were prepared by hypothyroid Sprague-Dawley rats. The cells were incubated under 95% O2/5% CO2 in Krebs-Ringer-bicarbonate buffer at pH 7.3-7.4 at 37 degrees C. The medium had been enriched with 2% bovine serum albumin (previously stripped of thyroid hormone) and 5-10 mM alanine as substrate. Two hour incubations were carried out with or without added triiodothyronine (T3) at 3 nM or 300-1,000 nM concentrations. Oxygen consumption determined at the end of the period of incubation with the Clark oxygen electrode showed stimulation above control values in the hormone treated flasks; parallel studies in which cycloheximide (100 microM) had been added to cells to block protein synthesis also showed enhanced oxygen consumption in response to T3. The results indicated a response to the hormone not dependent on new protein formation.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Cutaneous stigmata frequently found in the diabetic limb.

Dr. Brenner provides us with a look at some of the common skin problems seen in patients who have diabetes mellitus. As he points out, several of these skin conditions precede the actual clinical and laboratory diagnosis of diabetes by several months to several years. Podiatrists may well be the first physicians to see these prodromal dermopathies and be able to make an early diagnosis and aid the patients in obtaining early treatment.

Cellulitis↗
PubMed1986

Interdigital angioleiomyoma.

A painful mass in the interdigital space may represent an angioleiomyoma. Complete surgical excision followed by histologic examination is the optimal approach to diagnosis and therapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Purification of the mitochondrial triiodothyronine (T3) receptor from rat liver.

The thyroid hormone receptor of the inner membrane of rat liver mitochondria was purified by osmotic and freeze-thaw lyses followed by partial purification on Sephadex G-200, and then by affinity chromatography with T3-Sepharose 4B. A single predominant protein band demonstrable on sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS) polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was present in the first 4 mM NaOH elution peak of affinity chromatography. This was collected from affinity peaks from about 30 rat livers followed by preparative polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. A single absorbance peak was observed by high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). The purified protein was analyzed for binding constants, amino acid composition, and characterized by analytical ultracentrifugation. The association constant (KA) exceeded 10(11) M-1. The sedimentation coefficient (S20,W) was 2.2S, partial specific volume (v) 0.72, frictional coefficient (f/fo)s M 1.68 and the molecular weight was estimated at 28 000. The amino acid composition was obtained.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1984

Rapid thyroid hormone action in vitro in the absence of new protein synthesis.

Studies were carried out on the effect of triiodothyronine (T3) on the oxygen consumption of dispersed rat liver cells incubated for 2 hr at 37 degrees C. Thyroidectomized SD-NIH rats were kept on a low iodine diet with calcium chloride in the drinking water for 4 weeks or longer to assure hypothyroidism, verified by low serum thyroxine and T3 concentrations. Liver cells were obtained by portal vein perfusion with oxygenated collagenase-enriched Krebs-Ringer-bicarbonate buffer, after the method of Berry and Friend. Cell viability was evaluated by morphology, by trypan blue exclusion, and by biochemical parameters prior to 2-hr incubations with or without added hormone. The oxygen consumption of cell suspensions was measured with the Clark oxygen electrode after the 2-hr incubations at 37 degrees C with oxygenation of the flasks and alanine (5-10 mM) as substrate. In 31 experiments the oxygen consumption (QO2) was enhanced to 121% of control values with T3 in the medium at 3.3 nM ("physiological" level) and with an even greater effect (138% of control values) with 300-1000 nM T3 ("hyperthyroid" level). Cycloheximide at 100 microM was used to inhibit new protein synthesis by incubated hepatocytes. In 18 parallel experiments with cycloheximide blockade, no alteration of the stimulatory effect of T3 was evident. The results signify that incubated liver cells show an early response to thyroid hormone by extranuclear pathways that do not require new protein synthesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Purification of the mitochondrial triiodothyronine (T3) receptor from rat liver.

The thyroid hormone receptor of the inner membrane of rat liver mitochondria was purified by osmotic and freeze-thaw lyses followed by partial purification on Sephadex G-200, and then by affinity chromatography with T3-Sepharose 4B. A single predominant protein band demonstrable on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) was present in the first 4 mM NaOH elution peak of affinity chromatography. This was collected from affinity peaks from about 30 rat livers followed by preparative PAGE. A single absorbance peak was observed by high pressure liquid chromatography. The purified protein was analyzed for binding constants, amino acid composition, and characterized by analytical ultracentrifuge. The association constant (KA) exceeded 10(11) M-1. The sedimentation coefficient (S20,w) was 2.2 S, the partial specific volume (v) was 0.72, the frictional coefficient [(f/f0)sM] was 1.68, and the molecular weight was estimated at 28,000. The amino acid composition was obtained.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Madura Foot: a case report.

Mycetoma or Madura foot is a chronic infection of the foot characterized by swelling and multiple sinuses. The sinuses discharge pus composed of colored granules which contain the infecting organism. Although this entity is still rare in the United States, an increasing immigrant population and rapid air transportation have resulted in a greater number of cases being reported. A case of Madura foot is presented in which initial cultures yielded Staphylococcus aureus. Dicloxacillin was prescribed and this led to some improvement in the condition. Later, a gram-stained specimen of exudate from an inguinal site showed actinomycetes. Because of this finding, amoxicillin was then administered. As a result, the condition dramatically improved with subsequent healing of the involved bone.

Actinomycetales Infections↗
PubMed1980

Rapid effect of triiodothyronine on the mitochondrial pathway in rat liver in vivo.

Intravenous infections of minute doses of triiodothyronine were administered to thyroidectomized rats 30 minutes before they were killed. Hepatic mitochondria were isolated rapidly and formation of adenosine triphosphate and consumption of oxygen were assessed by a 2-minute incubation. Hormone injection enhanced formation of adenosine triphosphate 114 to 217 percent over control values, with a proportionate increase in consumption of oxygen. The ratio of phosphate to oxygen was about 2.0, signifying tightly coupled oxidative phosphorylation. Stimulation was not abolished by injection of cycloheximide, puromycin, actinomycin D, or chloramphenicol 1 hour before the rats were killed. This signifies direct mitochondrial stimulation by triiodothyronine in the absence of protein synthesis.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1980

Subungual exostosis.

A review of the literature and two case reports of subungual exostosis are presented herein. This benign bony overgrowth, usually caused by trauma, is often misdiagnosed and sometimes mistaken for a malignancy. It is our intention to stimulate interest in and alert the practitioner to this entity so that he can include subungual exostosis in his differential diagnosis of digital lesions.

Adolescent↗