Hepatic bisegmentectomy 7-8 for a colorectal metastasis.
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Colorectal Neoplasms↗
Biomedical subjects
M A C Machado
Publications and source records attributed to M A C Machado.
Modified pharyngogastrostomy by a stapler technique.
Pharyngolaryngoesophagectomy is the gold standard treatment for the majority of larynx, pharynx and cervical esophagus advanced tumours. Reconstruction of these pharyngoesophageal defects is complex, and implicates additional time, morbity and mortality to the procedure. Gastric pull up and pharyngogastrostomy with hand sewing technique is the commonest way of doing it. The authors describe a modified technique to execute it using a stapler device.
Anastomosis, Surgical↗
Interferon alpha-2B and liver resection to treat multifocal hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma: a relevant approach to avoid liver transplantation.
BACKGROUND: Hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma is a rare malignant tumor of vascular origin with frequent multifocal appearance. Liver resection may cause tumor spread. Liver transplantation has been indicated for unresectable nodules. We hypothesized that adjuvant interferon treatment is effective to prevent metastasis after liver resection. We report a case of multifocal hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma successfully treated with interferon pulse therapy and bilobar hepatic resection. METHODOLOGY: CT scan and magnetic resonance imaging diagnosed three nodules in the liver (segments IV, VI and VII). Histopathology and specific immunostaining of a percutaneous nodule biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma. The treatment protocol included daily interferon alpha 2b 9 weeks before and 1 week after resection of liver segments IV, VI and VII. RESULTS: The postoperative outcome was complicated by a self-limited biliary fistula. The patient remains tumor free at 3 years after liver resection and currently enjoys excellent health. CONCLUSION: Interferon pulse therapy and hepatic resection was a good option to treat multifocal bilobar hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma; it may prevent metastasis dissemination.
Adult↗
A simple technique for removal of the gallbladder during microlaparoscopic cholecystectomy.
With the advent of mini-instruments, laparoscopic cholecystectomies have been performed with two or three trocars instead of the standard four ports. However, removal of the gallbladder is a difficult aspect with these microlaparoscopic techniques. To remove the gallbladder through the 11-mm umbilical port, a 5-mm telescope should be used. However this telescope is not always available. Other techniques are suitable only for patients with limited or no inflammation of the gallbladder. An efficient, simple, and inexpensive technique is described that allows removal of the gallbladder through an 11-mm trocar without the need for a 5-mm telescope. It permits removal of the specimen in acute suppurative or thick-wall cholecystitis independently of the technique used.
Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic↗
Biliary reconstruction without T-tube in liver transplantation.
Biliary complications have been reported in 9% to 34% of liver transplant patients. Although most centers seem to prefer a duct-to-duct anastomosis without a T-tube when feasible, the best method of biliary reconstruction remains controversial. The aim of this study was to review our experience on reconstruction of the biliary tract without drainage. Forty-one patients underwent 45 liver transplants over two periods. Forty patients underwent 15 liver transplants from October 1992 to March 1995; and 27 underwent 30 liver transplants from January 2002 to February 2003. Our standard biliary reconstruction was an end-to-end anastomosis without drain. The overall actuarial survival was 72.7% at 1 year, 64.7% at 3 years, and 56.6% at 5 years. The mean follow-up was 23 months. Eight patients (22.2%) developed biliary tract complications: five patients papillary dysfunction (13.9%); two, biliary stricture (5.5%); and one, biliary sludge without evidence of stricture (2.8%). Papillary dysfunction represented 62.5% of all complications. Biliary reconstruction without drainage may be routinely performed since the complications are only those not related to the T-tube.
Anastomosis, Surgical↗
Early mortality in liver transplantation: bilirubin as predictor of outcome.
The shortage of donor organs and the long waiting lists have increased the need to better select liver transplant candidates using predictors of success. We reviewed the results of 29 liver transplantations performed from January 2002 to February 2003 analyzing the correlations with early mortality (30 days) of patient data, pretransplant laboratory data, warm ischemia time, intraoperations blood unit transfusions, and postoperative complications of prolonged mechanical ventilation, dialysis, and infection. Overall early mortality was 27.6% and 44% in fulminant hepatic failure (n = 9), there were four retransplants with one death, and two intraoperative deaths. Only pretransplant bilirubin (P =.045) and postoperative lactate levels (P =.002) were significantly different between alive versus dead patients. In this small population bilirubin was more related to death than the MELD score. Lactate levels, nonspecific predictor of death in shock syndromes were probably related to septic complications.
Adult↗
Small bowel and colon transplantation in rats using porto-portal cuff anastomosis.
Portal versus systemic venous drainage and colon grafting are major controversies in the techniques of intestinal transplantation. The rat is the best animal for research in this field. Nevertheless, this model requires complex microvascular anastomoses that are responsible for the high incidence of technical failures. A cuff technique is an easier anastomosis method than a hand-suture. We describe a simplified rat model of small bowel and colon transplantation using a porto-portal cuff anastomosis. DONOR: The entire small bowel, cecum, and ascending colon are harvested on a vascular pedicle, consisting of a long aortomesenteric conduit and portal vein. The right colonic vessels are preserved. The graft is flushed and a cuff device is placed on the end of the portal vein. RECIPIENT: The graft is implanted through an end-to-side aorto-aorta hand-sewn anastomosis. A segment between the first and second jejunal branch is isolated between clamps to insert into the portal cuff. After reperfusion, the recipient's mesentery is divided just below the cuff anastomosis. The recipient jejunum, ileum, and ascending colon are removed en bloc, and the graft is anastomosed in continuity with the remaining naive intestine concluding the operation. This simplified technique surmounts the technical obstacles in rats because it is easily and quickly performed, maintaining the physiological portal drainage, preserving graft ileocecal valve and ascending colon, and reaching acceptable success after a short period of training.
Anastomosis, Surgical↗