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Biomedical subjects

M A Chamberlain

Publications and source records attributed to M A Chamberlain.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Behcet's syndrome in 32 patients in Yorkshire.

Thirty-two patients with Behcet's syndrome were surveyed clinically, radiologically, and immunologically. HLA antigens were determined in a proportion. The patients were culled from a defined geographical area (Yorkshire) with a population of 5 million. 21 patients satisfied Mason and Barnes's (1969) criteria for major disease. 100% had mouth ulceration, 91% genital ulceration, 66% skin complaints, and 63% arthritis (of the nonerosive type previously documented). 3 patients had gastrointestinal involvement, one of whom had proven Crohn's disease. One patient had psoriasis. One patient had a popliteal artery aneurysm resected and one has since had surgery after the development of a tracheo-osophageal fistula. No sacroilititis was found.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Administrative case study: the patient care area pharmacist.

The development and implementation of a patient area pharmacist position is described. Difficulties which led to the creation of this position are discussed. Primary duties of the position include improving communications with personnel in the patient care areas, reducing the work load and pressure within the pharmacy, and providing nonproduct and clinical services to health care personnel. The advantages and disadvantages of the position are discussed.

Hospital Departments↗
PubMed1976

The effect of low doses of prednisolone compared with placebo on function and on the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

A double-blind trial of prednisolone in patients with rheumatoid arthritis using doses of zero, 3 mg and 5 mg is reported. Patients on a dose of 3 mg derived little sustained benefit but subjects on the higher dose showed some improvement which did not last more than two years. Mild suppression of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis occurred in both steroid-treated groups.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1975

A double blind trial to assess the value of alclofenac compared with phenylbutazone in the management of rheumatoid arthritis.

A double-blind cross-over study using a double placebo technique was employed to compare the effectiveness of daily alclofenac 3 g and phenylbutazone 300 mg in rheumatoid arthritis. (2) Thirty-one patients with classical or definite rheumatoid arthritis entered the trial. Twenty-three patients completed the trial; eight patients were withdrawn while on alclofenac, six developing a rash and two having inadequate analgesia. (3) Relief of pain on both drugs was comparable. (4) When questioned at the end of the trial, sixteen patients preferred phenylbutazone, four preferred alclofenac. (5) No significant changes in laboratory values were found, apart from a slight mean fall in haemoglobin on phenylbutazone. (6) There were significantly more side effects on alclofenac and rashes were particularly prominent.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Analysis of genetic and environmental sources of variation in serum cholesterol in Tecumseh, Michigan. I. Analysis of the frequency distribution for evidence of a genetic polymorphism.

Analyses of serum cholesterol measurements on 4,619 males and 4,730 females residing in the community of Tecumseh, Michigan, were conducted to estimate the contribution of sex, age, temporal variation, and bimodality to determining the normal variation among individuals sampled without regard to their health status. Female values had a higher mean (2.8 mg/100 ml greater) but smaller variance than males when adjusted by polynomial regression to a common age. Positive skew in the frequency distribution for both sexes was removed by natural logarithm (ln) transformation. Age variation accounted for 28.5% and 29.4% of the variance in a ln cholesterol measurement of males and females, respectively. Between 7% and 10% of the variance in a ln cholesterol value was estimated to be attributable to differences between age-adjusted replicate measurements of the same individual. The reduction in individual variability by adjustment for these contributions to variance will allow a more precise evaluation of the relative contribution of alternate genetic hypotheses as explanations for normal variation in cholesterol. Assuming bimodality, approximately one in 1,000 males and one in 1,000 females belong to a second mode of hypercholesterolemic individuals. The locus determining familial hypercholesterolemia is not a major source of normal phenotypic variation in the Tecumseh population.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1971

Prolonged corticotrophic action of a synthetic substituted 1-18 ACTH.

The adrenocorticotrophic effects of a synthetic corticotrophin analogue, alpha(1-18) ACTH with D-serine(1), lysine(17), and lysine amide(18) substitutions has been studied. It is effective after both intramuscular and subcutaneous administration and compared with tetracosactrin depot (Synacthen depot, Cortrosyn depot) it has a similarly prolonged time course of action-about 24 hours after 0.5 mg and 30 hours after 1 mg. Unlike tetracosactrin depot, however, it is well absorbed when given intranasally and does not produce painful reactions at the site of injection. Its prolonged time course of action does not depend on a formulation designed to delay its release from the injection site but most probably on a decreased rate of degradation in the circulation.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1970

Rheumatoid neuropathy: a histological and electrophysiological study.

Peripheral nerves in five patients with rheumatoid neuropathy were examined electrophysiologically and by sural nerve biopsy. There was close correlation between the clinical severity of the disease and the degree of nerve damage found histologically and by EMG. Group 1 patients with a mild distal sensory neuropathy showed varying degrees of axonal degeneration in the large myelinated fibres and some segmental demyelination. Group 2 patients with a severe, rapidly progressive sensori-motor neuropathy had extensive loss of myelinated fibres. In one case all the large fibres had degenerated. The second case had lost both large and small myelinated fibres together with many of the non-myelinated axons. The major nerve damage in both groups appeared to be axonal degeneration but some segmental demyelination was detected. Occlusive vascular disease in the vasa nervorum was considered to be the major cause of the nerve damage.

Action Potentials↗